Neuroprotective Roles of Lauric Acid and Resveratrol: Shared Benefits in Neuroinflammation and Anxiety, Distinct Effects on Memory Enhancement.

Neuroinflammation can be triggered by a high-fat/high-fructose diet (HFFD), and CD36 may be an underlying mechanism. Lauric acid (LA), the major fatty acid in coconut oil, and resveratrol, the plant-based polyphenolic compound, may exert anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study investigated the possible effects of LA and resveratrol on diet-induced neuroinflammation and CD36.

The Impact of Homogenization Techniques and Conditions on Water-In-Oil Emulsions for Casein Hydrolysate-Loaded Double Emulsions: A Comparative Study.

This study aims to evaluate homogenization techniques and conditions for producing stable, small droplet-size water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions intended for incorporation into casein hydrolysate-loaded double emulsions. Three commonly used homogenization methods; rotor-stator, ultrasonic, and high-pressure homogenization were individually optimized utilizing response surface methodology. Instances of over-processing were observed, particularly with the rotor-stator and ultrasonic homogenizers under specific conditions.

Evaluation of the effect of tartrazine on the offspring rats in an in vivo experimental model.

Tartrazine, an azo dye prevalent in pharmaceuticals and food items, was investigated for its impact on fetal development, specifically examining visceral and skeletal abnormalities in rat offspring exposed to daily oral doses throughout pregnancy. Fourteen pregnant rats were randomly assigned to control and tartrazine groups (seven animals each), with tartrazine administered via oral gavage at 7.5 mg/kg throughout gestation.

Multifunctional silver nanoparticle embedded eri silk cocoon scaffolds against burn wounds-associated infection.

Antimicrobial wound dressings offer enhanced efficacy compared to conventional dressing platforms by limiting bacterial infections, expediting the healing process, and creating a barrier against additional wound contamination. The use of silk derived from silkworm cocoons in wound healing applications is attributed to its exceptional characteristics. Compared to mulberry silk, sericin from non-mulberry cocoons has higher water exchange mobility and moisture retention.

Effects of short- and long-term use of propolis extracts on liver and kidney in rats.

Propolis is widely used as a supplementary food product for its health benefits. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of commercial propolis extracts on the liver and kidney. Propolis extracts (250 mg/kgbw/day) were administered orally to adult male rats in solvents of ethanol, propylene glycol, water, and olive oil.

Thiamine status and genes encoding intestinal thiamine transporters and transcription factors in obese subjects.

Background And Aims: The inconsistent data on thiamine status in obese subjects necessitates an examination of genes associated with intestinal absorption of thiamine. We aimed to reveal thiamine status in obese subjects and examine the expression of SLC19A2/3 genes encoding thiamine transporters and Sp1 transcription factor.

Methods And Results: Thirty-five adult obese subjects and 11 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study.

Sustainable next-generation color converters from seed extracts for solid-state lighting.

Traditional solid-state lighting heavily relies on color converters, which often have a significant environmental footprint. As an alternative, natural materials such as plant extracts could be employed if their low quantum yields (QYs) in liquid and solid states were higher. With this motivation, here, we investigate the optical properties of aqueous extract, develop efficient color-converting solids through a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method, and integrate them with light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

Identifying Factors Associated with Non-mesenterovascular Pathology in Patients Undergoing Surgical Treatment for Acute Mesenteric Ischemia.

Aim: To identify factors that can help us to avoid a preoperative incorrect diagnosis of vascular occlusion by evaluating patients who underwent laparotomy with a probable preoperative diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI), but later at laparotomy, were diagnosed to have a different pathology than AMI.

Material And Methods: A total of 213 patients who were operated with the diagnosis of AMI were enrolled in this study. Based on their operational, clinical, and pathological findings, they were divided into two groups.

Dysregulation of kidney proteases in the pathogenesis of hypertension following unilateral nephrectomy in juvenile mice.

Background: Unliteral nephrectomy (UNX) results in the reduction of kidney mass. The remaining kidney undergoes compensatory renal growth via hypertrophy of the glomeruli and renal tubules to maintain a normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These compensatory mechanisms result in increased capillary pressure and glomerular hyperfiltration to increase single nephron GFR.

Tempol treatment normalizes membrane expression of epithelial transport proteins in the kidney of salt-loaded hypertensive diabetic db/db mice.

Objective: Hypertension exacerbates the progression and severity of diabetic kidney disease. In this study, we addressed the hypothesis that tempol acts at multiple segments of the nephron to normalize the abundance of sodium coupled epithelial transport proteins in the luminal plasma membrane to mitigate high blood pressure in salt-loaded hypertensive diabetic db/db mice.

Methods: Soluble and membrane fractions from freshly homogenized kidney cortex tissue samples were resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and probed for specific proteins by Western blotting.

Development of substituted benzylidene derivatives as novel dual cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's treatment.

Leading pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), Amyloid beta (Aβ) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Indole derivatives were identified and optimized to improve the potency against AChE, BuChE, Aβ and ROS. The lead molecule IND-30 was found to be selective for AChE (selectivity ratio: 22.

Evaluation of the radiation protection effectiveness of a lead-free homopolymer in cone beam computed tomography.

Objective: The objective was to compare the radiation protection effectiveness of a lead-free thermoplastic homopolymer (Anti-RAD) to conventional lead shielding in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) exposures.

Study Design: Thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed on a human bone- and soft tissue-equivalent phantom to record equivalent doses in the thyroid gland, thyroid skin, and breast areas. CBCT images were obtained with the following 3 protocols: (1) without radiation shielding; (2) with 0.

Biomimetic cell membrane-coated poly(lactic--glycolic acid) nanoparticles for biomedical applications.

Poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly used for drug delivery because of their favored biocompatibility and suitability for sustained and controlled drug release. To prolong NP circulation time, enable target-specific drug delivery and overcome physiological barriers, NPs camouflaged in cell membranes have been developed and evaluated to improve drug delivery. Here, we discuss recent advances in cell membrane-coated PLGA NPs, their preparation methods, and their application to cancer therapy, management of inflammation, treatment of cardiovascular disease and control of infection.

(Nano)platforms in bladder cancer therapy: Challenges and opportunities.

Urological cancers are among the most common malignancies around the world. In particular, bladder cancer severely threatens human health due to its aggressive and heterogeneous nature. Various therapeutic modalities have been considered for the treatment of bladder cancer although its prognosis remains unfavorable.

The effect of COVID-19 uncertainty on internet addiction, happiness and life satisfaction in adolescents.

This study aimed to determine the effects of the events during the COVID-19 epidemic on adolescents' levels of intolerance of uncertainty, internet addiction, happiness, and life satisfaction. Structural Equation Modeling was used in the analysis of the data. Adolescents' internet use increased during the epidemic process.

Integrated - strategy for the discovery of potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Egyptian propolis and their synergistic effect with allopurinol and febuxostat.

Xanthine oxidase (XO) has been well-recognized as a validated target for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. Currently, there are two drugs in clinical use that shut down XO overactivity, allopurinol and febuxostat; however, detrimental side effects restrict their applications. Propolis is a unique natural adhesive biomass of structurally variable and biologically active metabolites that exert remarkable health benefits.

The resilience of green firms in the twirl of COVID-19: Evidence from S&P500 Carbon Efficiency Index with a Fourier approach.

This paper investigates the resilience of environmentally friendly companies in an overwhelming economic and social environment that has been generated after the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. To this respect, we have investigated the cointegration between the Standard & Poor's (S&P) 500 Carbon Efficiency Index (CEI) with COVID-19 cases, supplemented with covariates such as government response stringency to the pandemic, economic policy uncertainty, oil prices and global markets fluctuations. We have used daily data from 2nd January to 5th October 2020 and have employed a robust estimator within a Fourier approach to accommodate both sharp and smooth breaks.

Flow cytometric analysis of platelet surface glycoproteins in the diagnosis of thirty-two Turkish patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia: a multicenter experience.

Background/aim: Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited bleeding disorder characterized by the quantitative (type 1 and type 2) or qualitative (type 3) deficiency in platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa (CD41a/CD61) fibrinogen receptors. In type 1, 2, and 3, CD41a/CD61 expression is 5%, 5%–20% and above 20%, respectively. In this study, diagnosis of GT was confirmed and subgroups were identified in 32 Turkish patients by flow cytometry analysis.

Chemical characterization, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibitory effects of different extracts from one sage ( L.) from Turkey: open a new window on industrial purposes.

In the present study, the methanolic, hydro-methanolic, dichloromethane, hexane and aqueous extracts of L. (Family: Lamiaceae), a lemon-scented herb, were tested for total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activities were evaluated using a battery of assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (phosphomolybdenum) and metal chelating). Enzyme inhibitory effects were investigated using acetyl- (AChE), butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase as target enzymes.