Effects of photobiomodulation and bethanechol chloride treatment on salivary composition and flow rate in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: longitudinal interventional experimental clinical study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and bethanechol chloride (BC) on the quantity and quality of saliva in patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer.

Methods: Saliva samples were collected from patients before and after RT, who were treated with PBMT or BC. Clinical parameters, including salivary flow rate (SFR), pH, xerostomia, and concentrations of macro and microelements in saliva, were assessed.

Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology for the Treatment of Neoplastic Pericardial Effusion.

This document presents guidelines to assist surgeons in the diagnosis and management of this condition, emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach. Recommendations described by a group of physicians members of the Brazilian Society of Oncological Surgery regarding the treatment of neoplastic pericardial effusion, developed to guide oncological surgeons, cardiothoracic surgeons and general surgeons in their clinical practice. Members of the Thoracic Neoplasms Committee carried out a literature review and discussion among expert peers to create a guideline that would help in managing this very serious clinical condition in our oncology practice: Neoplastic pericardial effusion.

Guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology for anatomopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular testing in female tumors.

Introduction: Precision medicine has revolutionized oncology, providing more personalized diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring for patients with cancer. In the context of female-specific tumors, such as breast, ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer, proper tissue collection and handling are essential for obtaining tissue, immunohistochemical (IHC), and molecular data to guide therapeutic decisions.

Objectives: To establish guidelines for the collection and handling of tumor tissue, to enhance the quality of samples for histopathological, IHC, genomic, and molecular analyses.

LACC Trial: Final Analysis on Overall Survival Comparing Open Versus Minimally Invasive Radical Hysterectomy for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer.

JCO The aim of this study was to compare overall survival between open and minimally invasive radical hysterectomy with participants followed for 4.5 years. The primary objective was to evaluate whether minimally invasive surgery was noninferior in disease-free survival (DFS) to abdominal radical hysterectomy.

Development and evaluation of a lyophilization protocol for colorimetric RT-LAMP diagnostic assay for COVID-19.

Molecular diagnostics involving nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are regarded as extremely functional tools. During the 2020 global health crisis, efforts intensified to optimize the production and delivery of molecular diagnostic kits for detecting SARS-CoV-2. During this period, RT-LAMP emerged as a significant focus.

Results of a Novel Technique for Increasing Bone Contact and Stability in Mandibular Reconstruction with Micro-vascularized Fibula Flap.

Background: Reconstruction of large mandibular defects requires reestablishment of mandibular continuity with bone and soft tissue. The microvascularized fibula flap (MFF) has the advantage of providing both, with adequate length, low resorption rate, low infection risk and possibility of dental implant insertion. It can be adapted to mandibular defects in many different ways.

The Screening of microRNAs in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Clinical Evaluation.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of leukemia whose main genetic marker is the reciprocal translocation that leads to the production of the oncoprotein. The expression of some genes may interfere with the progression and development of leukemias. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that have the potential to alter the expression of some genes and may be correlated with some types of leukemia and could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients.

Uterine transposition in a patient with vulvar cancer.

Objective: To report the first uterine transposition for fertility preservation in a patient with vulvar cancer.Case: A 26-year-old nulliparous patient with stage IIIB vulvar cancer, which was resected with adequate margins and bilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy.Laparoscopic transposition of the uterus to the upper abdomen, outside of the scope of radiation was performed to preserve fertility and ovarian function.

Germline variants in early and late-onset Brazilian prostate cancer patients.

Background: The median age for Prostate Cancer (PCa) diagnosis is 66 years, but 10% are diagnosed before 55 years. Studies on early-onset PCa remain both limited and controversial. This investigation sought to identify and characterize germline variants within Brazilian PCa patients classified as either early or later onset disease.

Evaluation of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on salivary flow and composition in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy.

Objective: Assess the impact of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on xerostomia, salivary flow rate (SFR) and composition in patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).

Study Design: Thirty patients undergoing RT (65 Gy) for HNC were enrolled. Saliva and xerostomia evaluations collected pre- and post-PBMT-RT.

Use of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin to Prevent Osteonecrosis of the Jaws Associated with the Use of Bisphosphonate Therapy: A Case Series.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) consists of an area of exposed intraoral or extraoral bone that affects patients with a history of use of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medications, and who have not undergone head and neck radiotherapy. Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) is an autologous material of great potential, used as an adjuvant in surgical treatments, especially where healing is compromised. The aim of this article is to report three cases of the use of L-PRF in the prevention of MRONJ in three female Caucasian under bisphosphonates therapy.

Uterine transposition for fertility and ovarian function preservation after radiotherapy.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of uterine transposition as a method of preserving fertility and ovarian function after pelvic radiation.

Methods: This prospective multicenter observational study included patients with non-gynecologic pelvic cancers who underwent pelvic radiation as part of their cancer treatment between June 2017 and June 2019. For inclusion in the study, patients were required to have normal menstrual cycles and hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and estrogen) before treatment.

Improved Outcomes with Enzalutamide in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer.

Background: Patients with prostate cancer who have high-risk biochemical recurrence have an increased risk of progression. The efficacy and safety of enzalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy and enzalutamide monotherapy, as compared with androgen-deprivation therapy alone, are unknown.

Methods: In this phase 3 trial, we enrolled patients with prostate cancer who had high-risk biochemical recurrence with a prostate-specific antigen doubling time of 9 months or less.

Does sentinel node mapping impact morbidity and quality of life in endometrial cancer?

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of post-operative complications and quality of life (QoL) related to sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy vs systematic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer.

Methods: A prospective cohort included women with early-stage endometrial carcinoma who underwent lymph node staging, grouped as follows: SLN group (sentinel lymph node only) and SLN+LND group (sentinel lymph node biopsy with addition of systematic lymphadenectomy). The patients had at least 12 months of follow-up, and QoL was assessed by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cervical Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire 30 (EORTC-QLQ-C30) and EORTC-QLQ-Cx24.

Molecular Quantification and Mutation Detection as Essential Tools for the Clinical Management of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients: Results from a Brazilian Single-Center Study.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a well-characterized oncological disease in which virtually all patients possess a translocation (9;22) that generates the tyrosine kinase protein. This translocation represents one of the milestones in molecular oncology in terms of both diagnostic and prognostic evaluations. The molecular detection of the transcription is a required factor for CML diagnosis, and its molecular quantification is essential for assessing treatment options and clinical approaches.

Hilab System Device in an Oncological Hospital: A New Clinical Approach for Point of Care CBC Test, Supported by the Internet of Things and Machine Learning.

The complete blood count (CBC) is a highly requested test that is generally restricted to centralized laboratories, which are limited by high cost, being maintenance-demanding, and requiring costly equipment. The Hilab System (HS) is a small, handheld hematological platform that uses microscopy and chromatography techniques, combined with machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), to perform a CBC test. This platform uses ML and AI techniques to add higher accuracy and reliability to the results besides allowing for faster reporting.

Metagenomic insights into the plasma virome of Brazilian patients with prostate cancer.

Growing evidence suggests that metavirome changes could be associated increased risk for malignant cell transformation. Considering Viruses have been proposed as factors for prostate cancer induction. The objective of this study was to examine the composition of the plasma metavirome of patients with prostate cancer.