1,616 results match your criteria: "Epilepsy Juvenile Myoclonic"

Aims: Previous studies suggest potential associations between epilepsy, anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), and levels of vitamin D and vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP). This study aims to investigate the causal relationships among these variables using Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods.

Methods: Using summary data from genome-wide association studies on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels (N = 417,580), VDBP concentrations (N = 65,589), and various types of epilepsy (Ncases = 27,559), MR analyses were conducted to determine bidirectional causal relationships among these variables.

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Objectives: Peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) is a novel marker of white matter changes probably due to small vessel disease. This study aimed to investigate the presence of white matter changes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) using PSMD.

Methods: We enrolled patients with JME and age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

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Background: Most patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy have good seizure control on antiseizure medications. Although idiopathic generalized epilepsy subtypes such as juvenile absence epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy have a high risk of relapse, childhood absence epilepsy may have seizure remission. After 2 years of seizure freedom in childhood absence epilepsy, typically antiseizure medications are discontinued, but follow-up protocols are unclear.

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Effects of anti-seizure medications on resting-state functional networks in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: An EEG microstate analysis.

Seizure

December 2024

Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China; Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. Electronic address:

Objective: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is associated with large-scale brain network dysfunction. This study aims to investigate how anti-seizure medication (ASM) treatment alters resting-state functional networks in JME patients through resting-state EEG microstate analysis.

Methods: Ninety-six subjects participated in this study: 24 healthy controls (HC), 29 newly diagnosed JME patients who had not started ASMs therapy (JME-NM), and 43 JME patients on ASMs treatment with effective seizure control (JME-M).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME), a common genetic epilepsy in adolescents and adults, aiming to identify rare genetic variants linked to the condition.
  • Researchers used Whole Exome Sequencing to analyze ten JME patients and confirmed their findings with Sanger DNA sequencing, identifying eight variants across multiple genes.
  • The identified genetic variants are believed to play crucial roles in neuronal functions, suggesting they may contribute to the development of JME by affecting seizure mechanisms.
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Trends in antiseizure medication prescription in Idiopathic generalized epilepsy over the last 10 years.

Epilepsy Behav

November 2024

Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, 08035, Barcelona, Spain; Research group on Status Epilepticus and Acute Seizures, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.

Article Synopsis
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Article Synopsis
  • - Genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) includes types like childhood absence epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, showing a higher risk of occurrence in first-degree relatives of affected individuals, suggesting a strong genetic component.
  • - Research, including whole exome sequencing from families in Sudan, has identified specific genetic variants linked to GGE, indicating it is genetically diverse and likely influenced by multiple genes rather than a single cause.
  • - The study emphasizes the importance of examining familial cases, as well as using populations with unique genetic backgrounds, to better understand the complex genetics of GGE, reinforcing the idea that it may have oligogenic inheritance patterns.
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Comparative analysis of processing speed impairments in TLE, FLE, and GGE: Theoretical insights and clinical Implications.

Epilepsy Behav Rep

October 2024

Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, 18 Stuart St, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.

In this narrative review, we explore the differences in processing speed (PS) impairments among three epilepsy conditions; Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE), Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (FLE) and Genetic Generalized Epilepsy (GGE) with a focus on Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME). Despite the large body of research focusing on cognition in epilepsy, the intricacies of PS impairments in the epilepsy syndromes have not been fully explored. We investigate the cognitive profiles with focus on PS associated with each of the three conditions, and the neuropsychological methods employed.

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To examine the causal bidirectional relationships between epilepsy and microstructural changes in the white matter (WM). A genome-wide association study meta-analysis of the International League Against Epilepsy Consortium on Epilepsy and 360 WM imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) from the UK Biobank was used for the analysis. Genetic correlation analyses were conducted based on summary statistics of various "IDP-epilepsy" pairs for 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal relationships.

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Objective: Application of cluster analytic procedures has advanced understanding of the cognitive heterogeneity inherent in diverse epilepsy syndromes and the associated clinical and neuroimaging features. Application of this unsupervised machine learning approach to the neuropsychological performance of persons with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) has yet to be attempted, which is the intent of this investigation.

Methods: A total of 77 JME participants, 19 unaffected siblings, and 44 unrelated controls, 12 to 25 years of age, were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery (intelligence, language, memory, executive function, and processing speed), which was subjected to factor analysis followed by K-means clustering of the resultant factor scores.

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Introduction: People with epilepsy (PWE) have been hypothesized to have higher prevalence of personality disorders and cognitive disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the controversial notion of "epileptic personality," a series of supposedly specific personality traits of people with epilepsy (PWE).

Methods: For this purpose, 29 individuals with Mesial Temporal lobe Epilepsy (MTLE) and 23 with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) as confirmed by electroencephalography (EEG), MRI scans and clinical examination, underwent a thorough neuropsychological and personality assessment.

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Background: Previous studies have localized the origin of "generalized" spike-wave discharges of idiopathic generalized epilepsies to specific brain regions. Although there are studies in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) which have investigated the origin of spike-wave discharges, reports on the propagation of discharges are sparse.

Objective: The current study investigated the propagation of spike-wave discharges in JME, which was investigated by statistically comparing the electroencephalography (EEG)-derived cortical source activity during (a) various phases of spike-wave discharge versus background (eyes closed) activity, and (b) various phases of the first spike wave versus the corresponding phase of subsequent spike waves.

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Article Synopsis
  • Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a genetic generalized epilepsy syndrome that is generally well-controlled, but long-term outcomes can vary due to related personality traits and psychiatric disorders; quality of life (QoL) information in adolescents with JME is limited.
  • This study involved 50 participants aged over 11 years, who were assessed using specific quality of life questionnaires (QOLIE-AD-48 for adolescents and QOLIE-31-P for adults) and screened for psychiatric disorders, to understand the impact on their overall quality of life.
  • Results showed that while the overall QoL scores were fair for both adults (62.29) and adolescents (69.71), specific areas such
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Unraveling the shared genetics of common epilepsies and general cognitive ability.

Seizure

November 2024

Centre for Precision Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Cognitive impairment is common in individuals with epilepsy, and this study explores the genetic links between different epilepsy subtypes and cognitive ability, revealing that genetic factors play a significant role.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 269,867 individuals regarding cognitive ability and 27,559 cases of common epilepsies, using various statistical tools to identify the genetic variants involved.
  • The findings indicate that cognitive ability has a much larger number of genetic variants compared to epilepsy types, and they identified 66 genetic loci shared between cognitive function and different epilepsy subtypes, suggesting important gene expressions in brain regions affected by both conditions.
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Article Synopsis
  • The pathogenic variant -p.Ala421Val (A421V) is linked to severe developmental and epileptic issues, including treatment-resistant epilepsy with various seizure types, but the exact disease mechanisms remain unclear.
  • This study created a transgenic mouse model carrying the A421V variant, revealing that its expression leads to epilepsy and early death, along with decreased functions in key inhibitory neurons in the brain.
  • Findings showed that the A421V variant disrupts potassium channel expression and neuronal excitability, causing network dysfunction that underlies the observed epileptic encephalopathy.
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Objectives: We hypothesized that the frequency (in Hertz) of generalized spike-waves (GSWs) in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) has associations with the syndromic diagnosis as well as with the prognosis of patients (their response to medical treatment).

Methods: This was a retrospective study of a prospectively developed database. All patients with a diagnosis of IGE were studied at the epilepsy center at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, from 2008 until 2022.

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Quantitative MRI Measures and Cognitive Function in People With Drug-Resistant Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy.

Neurology

October 2024

From the Department of Neurology, Neurointensive Care and Neurorehabilitation (B.C.P., G.K., J.H., L.R., E.T.), Neuroscience Institute (B.C.P., G.K., J.H., M.K., E.T.), and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (L.R.), Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Centre for Neuroscience Salzburg, Member of the European Reference Network, EpiCARE, Austria; Department of Clinical & Experimental Epilepsy (B.C.P., F.X., L.C., J.S.D., M.J.K., B.W.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy (B.C.P., F.X., L.C., J.S.D., M.J.K., B.W.), Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (L.C.), Inselspital, Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy-Center, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Psychology (M.K.), University of Salzburg, Austria; Department of Neurology (C.V.), Epilepsy Center, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany; Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment (E.T.), UMIT-University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol; and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Neurorehabilitation and Space Neurology (E.T.), Salzburg, Austria.

Background And Objectives: Neuroimaging studies have so far identified structural changes in individuals with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) when compared with controls. However, the underlying mechanisms of drug-resistant JME remain unknown. In this study, we aimed at characterizing the structural underpinnings of drug-resistant JME using MRI-derived cortical morphologic markers.

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Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a common adolescent epilepsy characterized by myoclonic, generalized tonic-clonic, and sometimes absence seizures. Prognosis varies, with many patients experiencing relapse despite pharmacological treatment. Recent advances in imaging and artificial intelligence suggest that combining microstructural brain changes with traditional clinical variables can enhance potential prognostic biomarkers identification.

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We present two cases of epilepsy associated with Graves' disease. Case 1 is a 22-year-old woman. She had three epileptic seizures and was diagnosed with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A multicenter study reanalyzed the effectiveness of LEV vs. LTG, revealing that LTG had significantly lower treatment failure rates and better medication retention than LEV.
  • * Both medications had similar safety profiles, and while there were no notable differences in achieving total seizure freedom, LTG showed a strong likelihood of being superior for overall treatment effectiveness.
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Mutations in human (ciliogenesis associated kinase 1) are linked to ciliopathies and epilepsy. Homozygous point and nonsense mutations that extinguish kinase activity impair primary cilia function, whereas mutations outside the kinase domain are not well understood. Here, we produced a knock-in mouse equivalent to the human A615T variant identified in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME).

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Unlabelled: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is associated with brain dysconnectivity in the default mode network (DMN). Most previous studies of patients with JME have assessed static functional connectivity in terms of the temporal correlation of signal intensity among different brain regions. However, more recent studies have shown that the directionality of brain information flow has a more significant regional impact on patients' brains than previously assumed in the present study.

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Background: Micronutrient levels play a critical role in epilepsy. This study investigates the impact of micronutrient levels on epilepsy via Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: A two-sample MR framework evaluated the genetic association between 15 serum micronutrients and epilepsy phenotypes.

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