3,083 results match your criteria: "Epiglottitis Adult"

Hypopharyngeal geometry impact on air-induced loads on the supraglottis.

Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin

November 2023

School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.

Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) describes paradoxical laryngeal closure during inspiration at high-intensity exercise. It is hypothesised that during intense activity, the air-induced loads on supraglottic walls overcome their internal stiffness, leading to the obstruction. Recent investigations have revealed that the air-induced loads on the supraglottic walls vary nonlinearly with increasing flow rate.

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This study aimed to observe the lingual morphology of the domesticated Asian small-clawed otter, (), from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Six domesticated adults were obtained from a local otter breeder in Yogyakarta, with no regard to sex. The animals were acclimated to the laboratory for one day, following this, the animals underwent macroscopy identification and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) analysis.

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Purpose: To investigate associations between polysomnographic findings and the severity of upper airway obstructions during Muller's Maneuver (MM) and Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. Adult patients newly diagnosed with OSAS in a tertiary sleep center were included consecutively and evaluated by polysomnography and MM.

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Purpose: The neck management in early-stage cN0 supraglottic cancer represents an argument of debate. The aim of our study is to evaluate the oncological and functional outcomes in patients with early-stage cN0 supraglottic carcinoma treated with a wait-and-see policy for the neck.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective monocentric cohort study in a referral cancer care center.

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It is of interest to evaluate NOTCH1, CD44, BMI1, and TP53 genes in the epiglottis, tongue, and hard palate of oral malignancies (OM) with healthy controls. This was a prospective and cross-sectional study of 60 individuals with oral malignancies (OM) (20 each of tongue, epiglottis, and hard palate) studied at Malla Reddy Medical College and tertiary care hospitals in Hyderabad. Adults aged ≥ 18 years and diagnosed with oral cancer were included in the study.

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Objective: Though airway ultrasonography (USG) is used to assess difficult laryngoscopy (DL), there is still ambiguity about approach followed and parameters assessed. There is need of a simple, stepwise sonographic assessment with clearly defined parameters for DL prediction. The primary objective of this study was to find diagnostic accuracy of sonographic parameters measured by a stepwise Airway-USG in DL prediction (DLP).

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Congenital Absence of the Epiglottis in a 35 Years Old Patient.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

September 2023

Department of ENT, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Room no 429, Chanakya PG Hostel, PMCH, 800004 Patna, Bihar India.

Absent epiglottis is a rare reported anomaly in adults with unknown incidence. Most patients with absent epiglottis have presented with life-threatening symptoms of respiratory distress or severe aspiration in infancy or early childhood. We report a case of a 35 year old male patient with complete absence of epiglottis, presented with complaint of hoarseness of voice since birth.

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Morphology and computed tomography of the larynx in the white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris).

Anat Histol Embryol

January 2024

Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Division of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.

The white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris) is a Neotropical marsupial that occurs in the Brazilian territory. The larynx is an important organ of vocalization in mammals, although, other laryngeal functions are more fundamental for survival of mammals than phonation. The anatomical knowledge of respiratory structures is pivotal for a better understanding of the species.

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and the corresponding postoperative morphometrical changes.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome who complained of snoring and apnea were enrolled in this study. Pre- and postoperative tests, including CTs, pharyngeal volume (PV), cross-sectional area (CSA), and six-category morphometrical studies, were performed.

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Objectives: Understanding of the evolution of the larynx clarifies the physiology and functional histoanatomy of the present-day human organ. Comparative histoanatomy of the epiglottis and pre-epiglottic space of the chimpanzee larynx (a hominid, phyletic closest relative of humans) was investigated.

Methods: Two normal adult chimpanzee larynges obtained from natural deaths were investigated.

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Tongue retraction using a McIvor blade improves airway condition during fiberoptic intubation: a randomized controlled trial.

Sci Rep

September 2023

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Korea.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigated the effectiveness of tongue retraction with a McIvor blade versus the jaw thrust maneuver in facilitating fiberoptic intubation for 94 adult patients undergoing elective surgery.
  • Results showed that the McIvor blade group had a significantly shorter total intubation time and fewer attempts needed to advance the tube compared to the jaw thrust group.
  • Additionally, airway clearance at the soft palate level was found to be more effective in the McIvor blade group, indicating a superior method for fiberoptic intubation.
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Plexiform neurofibromas are benign tumors that arise from neuronal cells and are commonly associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. However, the occurrence of plexiform neurofibromas in the pharyngeal region is extremely rare. In this particular case, we report the successful diagnosis of a retropharyngeal plexiform neurofibroma in an adult male patient without a history of neurofibromatosis.

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Vaping-induced acute epiglottitis: a case report.

Int J Emerg Med

September 2023

Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Background: E-cigarette use, or vaping, is an alternative nicotine delivery system that is becoming increasingly prevalent in adolescents and young adults. There is currently a lack of comprehensive research on the adverse effects of vaping on the upper airway. Acute epiglottitis is a potentially life-threatening condition that can lead to airway obstruction.

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Epiglottic Hemangioma: A Rare Case of Hemoptysis in Adults.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

September 2023

Department of ENT, Military Hospital, Agra, Agra, UP India.

Hemangiomas are benign slow growing vascular tumors of endothelial origin, commonly seen in young. Laryngeal hemangiomas are rare entities with varied clinical presentations depending upon their location and size. We hereby report a rare case of recurrent hemoptysis in a 65-year-old lady with epiglottic hemangioma.

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Article Synopsis
  • Acute epiglottitis is a serious infection that inflates the epiglottis, and its causes have shifted from primarily Haemophilus influenzae in children to other bacteria and viruses in adults, particularly after vaccine introduction.
  • A case study presents a new instance of acute epiglottitis caused by SARS-CoV-2, showcasing the changing nature of the disease and emphasizing the need for thorough airway evaluations.
  • Today's understanding of epiglottitis is evolving, highlighting urgent attention from emergency physicians, as it can be a critical airway emergency, requiring prompt assessment techniques.
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To compare the changes of morphology of pharynx in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and healthy individuals during oral or nasal breathing, and explore the relevant influencing factors. Twenty-nine adult patients with OSAHS and 20 non-snoring controls underwent MRI to obtain upper airway structural measurements while the subjects were awake and during mouth breathing with a nasal clip.The following were analyzed.

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Background: Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is routinely performed to assess the upper airway collapse in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Its purpose is to identify cases of multilevel collapse, which helps to determine the appropriate surgical approach. The current proposal to analyze the functional septoturbinoplasty with or without nasal valve suspension suture (FSTVS) has the potential to change the original findings of DISE in OSAS patients who were initially planned for one-stage multilevel surgery based on the pre-FSTVS DISE results.

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A Pediatric Upper Airway Library to Evaluate Interpatient Variability of In Silico Aerosol Deposition.

AAPS PharmSciTech

July 2023

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA.

The airway of pediatric patients' changes through development, presenting a challenge in developing pediatric-specific aerosol therapeutics. Our work aims to quantify geometric variations and aerosol deposition patterns during upper airway development in subjects between 3.5 months-6.

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Unlabelled: Supraglottic thermal burns resulting from ingestion of excessively hot food or drink can potentially lead to fatal airway obstruction due to severe edema. In this case we evaluate an adult male who presented to the emergency department (ED) with sore throat and mild voice hoarseness that began while eating hot rice soup two days prior. The patient states that after taking a bite of the hot soup, he coughed due to the heat.

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Background: Laryngomalacia is a dynamic airway condition characterized by flaccid laryngeal tissue and inward collapse of supraglottic structures during inspiration. Although it may cause airway obstruction and requires careful management, there have been few reports regarding laryngomalacia after surgery. We report a case of adult-onset laryngomalacia occurred after craniotomy requiring reintubation.

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Objective: To describe multilevel phenotypes of airway obstruction identified on drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in adults.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

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