Prospective association between organic food consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from the NutriNet-Santé cohort study.

Background: Organic food (OF) consumption has substantially increased in high income countries, mostly driven by environmental concerns and health beliefs. Lower exposure to synthetic pesticides has been systematically documented among consumers of organic products compared to non-consumers. While experimental studies suggest that pesticides currently used in food production may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), no well-conducted prospective studies have investigated the potential association between consumption of organic products and the risk of T2D, controlling for potential confounding factors.

Appropriation of the Front-of-Pack Nutrition Label Nutri-Score across the French Population: Evolution of Awareness, Support, and Purchasing Behaviors between 2018 and 2019.

Since the implementation of the Nutri-Score on a voluntary basis in 2017 in France, very few studies have evaluated how the label was recognized and used by consumers. The goal of this study was to assess the evolution of awareness, support, and perceived impact on purchasing behaviors of the Nutri-Score in France. Between April 2018 and May 2019, a total of 4006 participants were recruited across three successive waves and answered questions regarding awareness of the Nutri-Score, support of the measure, and change of behavior following the implementation of the Nutri-Score via an online survey.

Association between Neu5Gc carbohydrate and serum antibodies against it provides the molecular link to cancer: French NutriNet-Santé study.

Background: High consumption of red and processed meat is commonly associated with increased cancer risk, particularly colorectal cancer. Antibodies against the red meat-derived carbohydrate N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) exacerbate cancer in "human-like" mice. Human anti-Neu5Gc IgG and red meat are both independently proposed to increase cancer risk, yet how diet affects these antibodies is largely unknown.

Total and added sugar intakes, sugar types, and cancer risk: results from the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: Excessive sugar intake is now recognized as a key risk factor for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, evidence on the sugar-cancer link is less consistent. Experimental data suggest that sugars could play a role in cancer etiology through obesity but also through inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms and insulin resistance, even in the absence of weight gain.

Perinatal mortality and morbidity, timing and route of delivery in monoamniotic twin pregnancies: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Monoamniotic twin pregnancies are at high risk of perinatal complications and fetal loss. The objective of this study is to describe the management and outcomes of monoamniotic twin pregnancies in a French university obstetrics department.

Methods: Retrospective review of all consecutive monoamniotic twin pregnancies managed between 1992 and 2018 in a level-3 university hospital maternity unit.

Dietary Restrictions and Depressive Symptoms: Longitudinal Results from the Constances Cohort.

Cross-sectional results have suggested a linear association between the number of dietary exclusions and depressive symptoms. This longitudinal study aimed to examine the direction of this association. : In the population-based Constances cohort, depressive symptoms were defined by a score ≥19 on the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale.

Alcoholic beverage consumption, smoking habits, and periodontitis: A cross-sectional investigation of the NutriNet-Santé study.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that dietary habits influence the development and severity of periodontitis. The present cross-sectional study evaluated the association between different types and quantity of alcoholic beverage consumption (alone and interacting with smoking) and the probability to suffer from severe periodontitis in the French e-cohort NutriNet-Santé.

Methods: The study population consisted of 35,390 adults (mean age: 49.

Anxiety is a potential effect modifier of the association between red and processed meat consumption and cancer risk: findings from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Purpose: Red and processed meats are recognized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as probably carcinogenic and carcinogenic to humans, respectively. Heme iron has been proposed as a central factor responsible for this effect. Furthermore, anxiety affects the intestinal barrier function by increasing intestinal permeability.

Ultra-processed food intake in association with BMI change and risk of overweight and obesity: A prospective analysis of the French NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased drastically worldwide and already represents 50%-60% of total daily energy intake in several high-income countries. In the meantime, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen continuously during the last century. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between UPF consumption and the risk of overweight and obesity, as well as change in body mass index (BMI), in a large French cohort.

Term prelabor rupture of membranes: guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF).

Objective: To determine the management of patients with term prelabor rupture of membranes.

Methods: Synthesis of the literature from the PubMed and Cochrane databases and the recommendations of French and foreign societies and colleges.

Results: Term prelabor rupture of membranes is considered a physiological process until 12 h have passed since rupture (professional consensus).

Effectiveness of Different Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labels among Italian Consumers: Results from an Online Randomized Controlled Trial.

In Italy, discussions are currently ongoing to implement a front-of-pack nutrition label (FoPL) while a growing number of European countries are adopting the Nutri-Score. The effectiveness of the Nutri-Score among Italian consumers requires further investigation. This study compared five FoPLs among Italian participants (Health Star Rating system, multiple traffic lights, Nutri-Score, reference intakes, warning symbol) in terms of food choices and understanding of the labels by consumers.

Dispositional optimism is associated with weight status, eating behavior, and eating disorders in a general population-based study.

Objective: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether optimism is associated with body mass index (BMI), eating behavior and eating disorders (EDs) in a population-based study.

Method: In 2016, a total of 32,805 participants aged ≥18 years from the NutriNet-Santé cohort completed the Life Orientation Test-Revised, assessing dispositional optimism. Height and weight were self-reported.

Estimated dietary pesticide exposure from plant-based foods using NMF-derived profiles in a large sample of French adults.

Purpose: This study, conducted in participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort, aims to identify dietary pesticide exposure profiles (derived from Non-negative Matrix Factorization) from conventional and organic foods among a large sample of general population French adults.

Methods: Organic and conventional dietary intakes were assessed using a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Exposure to 25 commonly used pesticides was evaluated using food contamination data from Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart accounting for farming system (organic or conventional).

Smoking and smoking cessation in pregnancy. Synthesis of a systematic review.

Objectives: To provide up-to-date evidence-based guidelines for the management of smoking cessation during pregnancy and the post-partum period.

Study Design: A systematic review of the international literature was undertaken between January 2003 and April 2019. MEDLINE, EMBASE databases and the Cochrane library were searched for a range of predefined key words.

Depressive symptoms, fruit and vegetables consumption and urinary 3-indoxylsulfate concentration: a nested case-control study in the French Nutrinet-Sante cohort.

Purpose: Previous epidemiologic studies have provided some evidence of an inverse association between fruit and vegetables consumption and risk of developing recurrent depressive symptoms. This association could possibly be explained by the role of such dietary factors on the gut microbiota. Especially, indole, a metabolite of tryptophan produced by gut bacteria, may be associated with the development of mood disorders.

Maternal body mass index in early pregnancy and severe asphyxia-related complications in preterm infants.

Background: Little is known about the associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and asphyxia-related morbidity in preterm infants (<37 weeks). We aimed to investigate associations between maternal BMI in early pregnancy and severe asphyxia-related neonatal complications in preterm infants (<37 weeks) and to examine whether possible associations were mediated by overweight- or obesity-related complications.

Methods: In this Swedish population-based cohort of 62 499 singleton non-malformed preterm infants born from 1997 to 2011, risks of low Apgar scores (0-3) at 5 and 10 minutes, neonatal seizures and intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) were estimated through two analytical approaches.

Planned delivery route and outcomes of cephalic singletons born spontaneously at 24-31 weeks' gestation: The EPIPAGE-2 cohort study.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between planned mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes with spontaneous very preterm birth among singletons in cephalic presentation.

Material And Methods: Etude Epidémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels 2 is a French national, prospective, population-based cohort study of preterm infants. For this study, we included women with a singleton cephalic pregnancy and spontaneous preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24-31 weeks' gestation.

Defining Very Preterm Populations for Systematic Reviews With Meta-analyses.

This review compares the selection criteria, findings, and heterogeneity of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of cognitive outcomes among children considered very preterm at birth.

Unit policies regarding tocolysis after preterm premature rupture of membranes: association with latency, neonatal and 2-year outcomes (EPICE cohort).

After preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), antibiotics and antenatal steroids are effective evidence-based interventions, but the use of tocolysis is controversial. We investigated whether a unit policy of tocolysis use after PPROM is associated with prolonged gestation and improved outcomes for very preterm infants in units that systematically use these other evidence-based treatments. From the prospective, observational, population-based EPICE cohort study (all very preterm births in 19 regions from 11 European countries, 2011-2012), we included 607 women with a singleton pregnancy and PPROM at 24-29 weeks' gestation, of whom 101, 195 and 311 were respectively managed in 17, 32 and 45 units with no-use, restricted and liberal tocolysis policies for PPROM.