5,193 results match your criteria: "Ependymoma Brain"

Article Synopsis
  • Pediatric intracranial tumors at the skull base are rare, challenging to treat due to complex anatomy, and lack substantial clinical evidence, prompting a study on surgical approaches and outcomes.
  • The study involved 12 children under 18 who underwent skull base surgery from 2017 to 2023, analyzing demographics, tumor details, surgical methods, and survival rates.
  • Results indicated a predominance of female patients, varying tumor locations and types, with 58.3% achieving gross or near-total resection; however, 33.3% of patients died from tumor progression within an average of 15 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

MRI findings in six dogs with ependymoma of the brain and spinal cord.

Vet Radiol Ultrasound

January 2025

Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Radiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

There are few published descriptions of the MRI appearance of canine intracranial or spinal cord ependymoma. In this multicenter, retrospective, secondary analysis, case series study, three veterinary radiologists independently reviewed and recorded imaging characteristics of MRI studies in six dogs with histopathologically confirmed ependymoma (three intracranial and three spinal cord cases). A consensus was reached when there was disagreement on specific features.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Sex Differences in Ependymoma Methylation by Methylation-Defined Subgroup.

J Cell Mol Med

December 2024

Division of Epidemiology & Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Ependymoma is the second most common malignant paediatric brain tumour composed of nine methylation-defined, clinically relevant subgroups. It is unclear if there are sex differences in methylation profiles within these subgroups which could guide future treatment options. We obtained available methylation data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Spontaneous ependymoma in a free-ranging juvenile black-horned capuchin (Sapajus nigritus).

J Comp Pathol

November 2024

Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil.

A young free-ranging black-horned capuchin (Sapajus nigritus) with a history of ataxia, anisocoria, diminished threat and pupil reflexes and increased cranial circumference was referred for evaluation to the Medicine and Wildlife Conservation Section, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil. Due to the clinical presentation and radiographic findings of hydrocephalus, euthanasia was performed. Necropsy revealed a dark red mass (1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A primary intracranial neuroepithelial neoplasm with novel TCF3::BEND2 fusion: a case report.

Acta Neuropathol Commun

November 2024

Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.

Astroblastoma, MN1-altered, is a rare circumscribed glial neoplasm that is composed of round, cuboidal, orcolumnar cells with astroblastic perivascular pseudorosettes, often associated with MN1::BEND2 and MN1::CXXC5 fusions. Atroblastoma-like gliomas harbouring EWSR1::BEND2 have been reported that they defined an epigenetically distinct subtype of astroblastoma. We report a case of a 19-year-old female with an intracranial neuroepithelial tumor featuring a novel TCF3::BEND2 fusion.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Medulloblastoma and ependymoma are common types of brain tumors in children, and this study analyzes their molecular differences using bulk RNA sequencing data from a large number of tumor samples.
  • The researchers processed the data to create a unified landscape, identifying distinct gene expression profiles and molecular characteristics within the tumors, particularly highlighting two compartments in ependymoma and subtypes in medulloblastoma.
  • The findings provide a valuable resource for discovering new biomarkers and improving diagnostic accuracy, and the data can be explored using the interactive platform Oncoscape for better patient classification in future research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic management and follow-up imaging for glioma patients across Belgian hospitals by calculating process indicators.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed glioma in Belgium (2016-2019) were selected from the Belgian Cancer Registry. The National Social Security Number served as unique patient identifier, linking the Registry to vital status and reimbursement data.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines to analyze 21 studies out of 249 citations screened, highlighting radiomics' potential to differentiate medulloblastomas from other tumors and identify their subtypes.
  • * The findings suggest that while radiomics shows promise for predicting survival rates in medulloblastoma patients, further research is needed to fully assess its clinical value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

H3K27me3 Loss in Central Nervous System Tumors: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Implications.

Cancers (Basel)

October 2024

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a formidable clinical challenge due to their molecular complexity and varied prognostic outcomes. This review delves into the pivotal role of the epigenetic marker H3K27me3 in the development and treatment of CNS tumors. H3K27me3, specifically the trimethylation of lysine 27 on the histone H3 protein, plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression and maintaining chromatin architecture (e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (RAPNO) Working Group is an international, collaborative network of experts dedicated to pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors that was created in 2011. Since then, six RAPNO articles with imaging guidelines for response assessment in diverse pediatric tumor subgroups have been published, namely: 1) medulloblastomas and leptomeningeal seeding tumors (2018), 2) pediatric high-grade gliomas (2020), 3) pediatric low-grade gliomas (2020), 4) diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (2020), 5) pediatric intracranial ependymomas (2022) and 6) pediatric craniopharyngiomas (2023). The purpose of this article is to review all current available RAPNO criteria using a systematized and comparative approach centered on the role of neuroradiologists and supported by neuroimaging examples.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Spinal astroblastoma is a rare and aggressive tumor primarily found in children, with this study presenting a unique case involving a specific genetic fusion, EWSR1-BEND2.
  • An 8-year-old girl, initially misdiagnosed, underwent extensive previous treatments before her tumor was finally identified as a high-grade neuroepithelial tumor.
  • Despite surgery resulting in some recovery of hand function, the patient experienced a rapid cancer relapse, leading to palliative care after her condition worsened significantly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the use of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) specifically in pediatric patients, aiming to inform guidelines by the International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society (ISRS).
  • The study analyzed 68 articles focusing on outcomes for around 400 children with brain tumors and over 5000 with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) from 1989 to 2021, reporting varying local control rates for different tumor types.
  • The findings indicated that SRS demonstrated suitable local control rates for pediatric brain tumors and AVMs, but data availability is limited, leading to the development of ISRS consensus guidelines for its use in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A new study evaluated a modified DNA/RNA panel for diagnosing gliomas, aiming to include fusion gene detection based on the latest WHO classification system.
  • Out of 210 glioma cases analyzed, 35 showed fusion genes, with notable fusions in glioblastomas and IDH-mutant astrocytomas.
  • The findings indicate that this bimodal panel is a reliable tool for detecting crucial genetic alterations, supporting better diagnosis and treatment planning for brain tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Posterior fossa tumors are significant in pediatric neurooncological populations due to their frequency and morbimortality. We convey a 10-year experience managing pediatric posterior fossa tumors at two reference centers in Cameroon.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with data collected retrospectively in the Neurosurgery Department of the Central and General Hospitals of Yaounde from January 2010 to December 2019.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Case report on an extremely rare type of ependymoma arising from the thigh.

Int J Surg Case Rep

October 2024

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Activin A Receptor Type 1 (ACVR1) is crucial for bone morphogenetic protein signaling and is linked to rare conditions like fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma due to specific genetic mutations.
  • * Bioinformatics analyses identified seven destabilizing mutations in ACVR1 that may affect protein function and are associated with various cancers, suggesting they could be important for future studies in precision medicine for rare diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Direct administration of chemotherapy into the fourth ventricle is a new method aimed at treating kids with recurrent malignant brain tumors in the posterior fossa.
  • The chapter reviews the reasoning behind this drug infusion strategy, shares results from animal studies that showed it is safe and effective, and highlights its promising impact on human trials.
  • It also outlines ongoing clinical trials testing different drugs for this treatment and suggests future research directions for improving outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Supratentorial and Infratentorial Ependymoma.

Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg

September 2024

Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • * MRI is essential for diagnosing and planning treatment, with complete surgical removal being critical for long-term success.
  • * New genetic classifications of ependymomas may help tailor treatments, with some subtypes showing poorer outcomes, especially in younger children, emphasizing the need for targeted therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Almost any primary or metastatic brain tumour can manifest in intraventricular (IV) locations. These tumours may either originate within the ventricular system or extend into the IV space through growth. Such neoplasms represent a broad spectrum, with supratentorial IV tumours forming a heterogeneous group.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF