Combining mesocosms with models reveals effects of global warming and ocean acidification on a temperate marine ecosystem.

Ocean warming and species exploitation have already caused large-scale reorganization of biological communities across the world. Accurate projections of future biodiversity change require a comprehensive understanding of how entire communities respond to global change. We combined a time-dynamic integrated food web modeling approach (Ecosim) with previous data from community-level mesocosm experiments to determine the independent and combined effects of ocean warming, ocean acidification and fisheries exploitation on a well-managed temperate coastal ecosystem.

N-doped TiO/rGO: synthesis, structure, optical characteristics, and humidity sensing applications.

In the current study, the effect of rGO ratio on the N-dopped TiOhas been synthesized through sol-gel method. The prepared N-doped TiO/rGO composites were examined for humidity sensing applications. The relationship between optical properties and the humidity sensing properties was studied.

Strategies for integrating scientific evidence in water policy and law in the face of uncertainty.

Understanding how human actions and environmental change affect water resources is crucial for addressing complex water management issues. The scientific tools that can produce the necessary information are ecological indicators, referring to measurable properties of the ecosystem state; environmental monitoring, the data collection process that is required to evaluate the progress towards reaching water management goals; mathematical models, linking human disturbances with the ecosystem state to predict environmental impacts; and scenarios, assisting in long-term management and policy implementation. Paradoxically, despite the rapid generation of data, evolving scientific understanding, and recent advancements in systems modeling, there is a striking imbalance between knowledge production and knowledge utilization in decision-making.

Household carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations in a large African city: An unquantified public health burden?

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a poisonous gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels that is linked to mortality and morbidity. Household air pollution from burning fuels on poorly ventilated stoves can lead to high concentrations of CO in homes. There are few datasets available on household concentrations of CO in urban areas of sub-Saharan African countries.

Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis.

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method (DDM) simulations of first-order ozone (O) sensitivity to nitrogen oxides (NO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions were performed and combined with modelled [Formula: see text] ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O-sensitivity regimes for different areas of China. Utilising the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators, the method for determining O formation in the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology (OSAT) module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of [Formula: see text] ratio. The O concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the [Formula: see text] ratio and first-order O sensitivity.

Mitigating Contaminant-Driven Risks for the Safe Expansion of the Agricultural-Sanitation Circular Economy in an Urbanizing World.

The widespread adoption of an agricultural circular economy requires the recovery of resources such as water, organic matter, and nutrients from livestock manure and sanitation. While this approach offers many benefits, we argue this is not without potential risks to human and environmental health that largely stem from the presence of contaminants in the recycled resources (e.g.

Current uncertainties and challenges of publicly available pharmaceutical environmental risk assessment data.

Pharmaceutical residues are widely detected in aquatic environment worldwide mainly arising from human excretions in sewage systems. Presently, publicly available, high quality environmental risk assessment (ERA) data for pharmaceuticals are limited. However, databases like the Swedish Fass offer valuable resources aiding healthcare professionals and environmental scientists in identifying substances of significant concern.

OsCIPK2 mediated rice root microorganisms and metabolites to improve plant nitrogen uptake.

Crop roots are colonized by large numbers of microorganisms, collectively known as the root-microbiome, which modulate plant growth, development and contribute to elemental nutrient uptake. In conditions of nitrogen limitation, the over-expressed Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 2 (OsCIPK2) gene with root-specific promoter (RC) has been shown to enhance growth and nitrogen uptake in rice. Analysis of root-associated bacteria through high-throughput sequencing revealed that OsCIPK2 has a significant impact on the diversity of the root microbial community under low nitrogen stress.

Sediment Toxicity Tests: A Critical Review of Their use in Environmental Regulations.

Sediments are an integral component of aquatic systems, linking multiple water uses, functions, and services. Contamination of sediments by chemicals is a worldwide problem, with many jurisdictions trying to prevent future pollution (prospective) and manage existing contamination (retrospective). The present review assesses the implementation of sediment toxicity testing in environmental regulations globally.

Inconsistencies in the EU regulatory risk assessment of PFAS call for readjustment.

Recognition of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) as widespread environmental pollutants and a consequent risk to human health, has recently made the European Union (EU) adopt several regulatory measures for their management. The coherence of these measures is challenged by the diversity and the ubiquitous occurrence of PFAS, which also complicates the EU's endeavor to advance justified, harmonized, and transparent approaches in the regulatory assessment of chemical risks. Our study critically reviews the European approach for the risk assessment of PFAS, by applying a comparative analysis of the current and pending regulatory thresholds issued for these chemicals in water bodies, drinking water, and certain foodstuffs.

Mortality Burden Due to Short-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in Korea.

Objectives: Excess mortality associated with long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been documented. However, research on the disease burden following short-term exposure is scarce.

Projected ocean temperatures impair key proteins used in vision of octopus hatchlings.

Global warming is one of the most significant and widespread effects of climate change. While early life stages are particularly vulnerable to increasing temperatures, little is known about the molecular processes that underpin their capacity to adapt to temperature change during early development. Using a quantitative proteomics approach, we investigated the effects of thermal stress on octopus embryos.

Gypsum amendment of agricultural fields to decrease phosphorus losses - Evidence on a catchment scale.

Amending agricultural fields with gypsum has been proposed as a cost-effective measure to reduce P load on coastal waters. We treated 1490 ha of clayey fields with phosphogypsum (4 t ha) in Southwest Finland and monitored the recipient river with online sensors and water sampling for the preceding spring and 5 years after the amendment. Gypsum immediately decreased the riverine fluxes, the effect lasting at least 5 years for particulate P (PP), total suspended solids (TSS), and dissolved organic C (DOC) and 1-2 years for dissolved reactive P (DRP).

Browning from headwaters to coastal areas in the boreal region: Trends and drivers.

Browning of freshwaters, mainly caused by increased terrestrial organic carbon loading, has been widely studied during the last decades. However, there are still uncertainties regarding both the extent of browning in different aquatic ecosystems and the actual importance of different driving forces and mechanisms. To refine understanding of the extent and causes of browning and its temporal variation, we gathered a comprehensive dataset including 746 Finnish water quality monitoring stations representing various waterbody types: streams, rivers, lakes, and coastal waters.

Ambient volatile organic compounds in the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea: Chemical reactivity, risks and source apportionment.

The chemical reactivity, contribution of emission sources, and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere of the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA) were analyzed. Datasets collected from 6 photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS) of SMA from 2018 to 2021 were used. Alkenes and aromatics contributed significantly to ozone formation relative to the emission concentrations, and aromatics accounted for most of the secondary organic aerosols (SOA) formation in the SMA.

Two-stage channels can enhance local biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.

Field drainage causes habitat loss, alters natural flow regimes, and impairs water quality. Still, drainage ditches often are last remnants of aquatic and wetland habitats in agricultural landscapes and as such, can be important for local biodiversity. Two-stage channels are considered as a greener choice for conventional ditches, as they are constructed to mimic the structure of natural lowland streams providing a channel for drainage water and mechanisms to decrease diffuse loading.

Improving consistency in estimating future health burdens from environmental risk factors: Case study for ambient air pollution.

Future changes in exposure to risk factors should impact mortality rates and population. However, studies commonly use mortality rates and population projections developed exogenously to the health impact assessment model used to quantify future health burdens attributable to environmental risks that are therefore invariant to projected exposure levels. This impacts the robustness of many future health burden estimates for environmental risk factors.

Understanding the role of biodiversity in the climate, food, water, energy, transport and health nexus in Europe.

Biodiversity underpins the functioning of ecosystems and the diverse benefits that nature provides to people, yet is being lost at an unprecedented rate. To halt or reverse biodiversity loss, it is critical to understand the complex interdependencies between biodiversity and key drivers and sectors to inform the development of holistic policies and actions. We conducted a literature review on the interlinkages between biodiversity and climate change, food, water, energy, transport and health ("the biodiversity nexus").

Environmental factors influence cross-talk between a heat shock protein and an oxidative stress protein modification in the lizard Gallotia galloti.

Better understanding how organisms respond to their abiotic environment, especially at the biochemical level, is critical in predicting population trajectories under climate change. In this study, we measured constitutive stress biomarkers and protein post-translational modifications associated with oxidative stress in Gallotia galloti, an insular lizard species inhabiting highly heterogeneous environments on Tenerife. Tenerife is a small volcanic island in a relatively isolated archipelago off the West coast of Africa.