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Enugu State University of Science and T... Publications | LitMetric

260 results match your criteria: "Enugu State University of Science and Technology[Affiliation]"

Antiplasmodial Potentials, Phytocompounds and the Possible Toxic Effects of Administration of Ethylacetate Extract of Spondias mombin Linn.

Chem Biodivers

December 2024

University of Nigeria, Biochemistry, No 14 Amobi Stree, Onuiyi, Nsukka, Nsukka Local Government Area, Enugu State., Enugu, 410101, Enugu, NIGERIA.

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is a global health concern. Natural products, such as plant extracts, are investigated for new antimalarial agents. Spondias mombin, traditionally used for medicinal purposes, was examined for its effects on parasitemia, haematological parameters, antioxidant activities, liver function biomarkers, and serum electrolytes in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice.

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Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing health concern and the risk of its development is connected with the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which occurs as a result of some complex obesity-induced metabolic changes. It is a common chronic liver disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver, the tendency to progress to more severe forms, and a corresponding increase in morbidity and mortality. Thus, effectively addressing the rising burden of the disease requires a thorough understanding of its complex interrelationship with obesity and MetS.

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Background: Advancement in medical education has led to the adoption of online learning platforms in the development and execution of learning modules. Online learning platforms are appraised and accessed regarding their capability of ensuring a seamless experience and enhancing satisfaction in users, especially students. In this study, the satisfaction and learning experience of medical students were studied with emphasis on their sociodemographic features.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to determine how common TB/HIV coinfection is among TB patients in Enugu State, Nigeria, over a 5-year period from 2018 to 2022.
  • Approximately 29% of the 483 TB patients screened were found to have TB/HIV coinfection, with traders and students being more likely to be coinfected, while urban residents and those diagnosed in 2022 had lower risks.
  • The findings suggest a significant prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection and highlight the need for targeted interventions for specific occupational groups to improve prevention and control measures in the area.
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  • Understanding the link between infections and severe acute malnutrition is crucial for effectively managing malnourished children in Africa, but research on the pathogens affecting this population is limited.
  • A systematic review of 60 studies identified 5,845 pathogens, primarily focusing on viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi, with significant contributions from HIV and malaria.
  • The study highlights a concerning lack of data on fungal infections and antibiotic resistance, as well as high fatality rates in malnourished children, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive research in this area.
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  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability globally, with complex primary and secondary injury processes involved.
  • Microglia, the central nervous system's immune cells, play a critical role in TBI-related inflammation, acting both protectively and harmfully.
  • Understanding the timing and mechanisms of microglial activity is essential for creating effective therapies to manage neuroinflammation and enhance recovery from TBI.
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  • The study focuses on the high prevalence of malnutrition among elderly patients in a Nigerian hospital, highlighting the need for better nutritional assessments.
  • Conducted from March to June 2023, the research involved 122 patients aged 60 and above, using the Short-form Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) to measure their nutritional status.
  • Results showed that 71.3% of participants were malnourished, and the study recommends routine nutritional screenings and interventions to improve health outcomes for elderly patients.
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A qualitative study to understand the barriers and enablers of access to diabetic screening services in Nigeria.

Int J Community Med Public Health

August 2024

Department of Social Work Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Article Synopsis
  • * A qualitative study involved in-depth interviews with six ophthalmologists across Nigeria and London, revealing that major barriers include poverty, inadequate transport, insecurity, and low healthcare worker motivation.
  • * Enablers for better access to DR screening include government support, community screening initiatives, affordable technology, and improved collaboration between healthcare sectors.
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Article Synopsis
  • Methamphetamine (MA) use is prevalent in south east Nigeria, with a reported prevalence of 21.8% among surveyed adolescents and adults, primarily driven by depression and commonly administered through inhalation.
  • The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional survey with 371 respondents and analyzed data using various statistical methods to identify factors associated with MA use.
  • Key control measures identified included self-control, parental monitoring, drug education, and legal oversight, while users were characterized by aggressive behavior and living off-campus, which correlated with lower MA use likelihood.
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Prcis: Patients' acceptance of glaucoma therapy was high overall in this study, but lower for surgery than for laser or medical therapy. Fear and cost were the leading reasons why patients declined recommended therapy and they were treatment-specific. Cost was the primary reason for declining medical and laser therapy, while fear was the most common reason for declining surgical therapy.

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Context: Epileptic seizures and the unpredictable falls resulting from epileptic seizures predispose the people living with epilepsy (PLWE) to various physical injuries as well as postictal cognitive and behavioral changes.

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and patterns of seizure-related physical injuries, postictal cognitive impairments, and behavioral changes.

Settings And Design: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in a Southeast Nigeria local government area.

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Background: This study explored how cognitive restructuring (CR) and cognitive exposure therapy (CET) impacted test anxiety in chemistry students from Nsukka, Enugu State. Three research questions and hypotheses guided the investigation.

Method: A quasi-experimental design with a pretest, posttest, and 2 experimental groups was employed.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Out of 293 children, most cases were found to be cancerous, with non-Hodgkin lymphoma being the most common type, and the average age of diagnosis was 12 years.
  • * The research showed that many kids with malignant tumors stopped their treatment compared to those with benign ones, and it suggests that better strategies are needed to help kids stick to their treatment, taking into account their age and gender.
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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are very prevalent and co-occurring. It is unclear how alcohol exacerbates PTSD predicaments owing to less characterized pathophysiological mechanisms. Also, studies on pharmacological agents that can effectively reverse PTSD-AUD comorbidity have, to date, been scarce.

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Background: Hypertension is a major global health concern requiring precise risk assessment. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) has emerged as a potential biomarker, but its relationship with hypertension severity requires exploration to evaluate its potential as a risk prediction tool. This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum BNP levels and the severity of hypertension in a population of Nigerian patients.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Conducted over six months with 318 participants, the research found a 6.6% prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, primarily hypothyroidism (5.3%) and a small percentage of hyperthyroidism (1.3%).
  • * The findings suggest a significant prevalence of gestational thyroid issues, underlining the importance of tailored antenatal care to improve early detection and management for better maternal and fetal health outcomes.
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Background: Yellow fever (YF) outbreaks continue to occur in Nigeria with a high mortality rate despite a well-established mode of transmission and the availability of a potent vaccine. This review is aimed at describing the epidemiology, determinants, and public health responses of yellow fever outbreaks in Nigeria from 1864 to 2020.

Methodology: The guidelines for the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) were used to conduct the review from November 2020 to April 2021.

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Background And Aims: This study retrospectively assessed the prevalence of TB and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS coinfection among patients that attended the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) centers in Anambra State, Southeast, Nigeria, between 2013 and 2017.

Methods: The study adopted a descriptive and retrospective epidemiological survey design. A total of 1443 case files of patients aged 15-60 who were treated in DOTS centers selected from Anambra State's 21 Local Government Areas between 2013 and 2017 were investigated.

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Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition which may arise from infection in any organ system and requires early recognition and management. Healthcare professionals working in any specialty may need to manage patients with sepsis. Educating medical students about this condition may be an effective way to ensure all future doctors have sufficient ability to diagnose and treat septic patients.

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Objective: To compare the effects of early and delayed cord clamping on the haemoglobin levels of neonates delivered at term.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial enrolled pregnant women during the second stage of labour. They were randomized into either the early cord clamping (ECC) group or the delayed cord clamping (DCC) group in the ratio of 1:1.

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Integrating work and family life is a relevant concern, especially for women in the banking industry. While the impact of job characteristics on work-family conflict is well-documented, the moderating role of core self-evaluations (CSE) remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the role of CSE in moderating the relationship between job characteristics and work-family conflict among married female bank employees in Nigeria.

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Objectives: Assessed the level of awareness of hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis B immunoglobulin, and determined the proportion of pregnant women that will accept hepatitis B immunoglobulin if needed for their babies and the factors that were associated with the choices made by pregnant women in the Enugu metropolis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 379 pregnant women in health facilities in the Enugu metropolis was undertaken between March and November 2019. A structured pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.

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Testing the inhibition efficiency of the castor oil leaf as corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in HSO.

Heliyon

May 2024

Department of Chemical Engineering, Madonna University, Akpugo Campus, 402105, Akpugo, Enugu State, Nigeria.

This study focused on the testing of castor oil leaf as corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in HSO. It involved the examination of the dynamics of molecular forces at the inhibitor and mild steel interface. Findings of the study will promote industrial diversification of castor oil leaf.

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Introduction: Hypertensive crisis (HC) encompasses hypertensive emergencies (HE) and urgencies (HU).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample was conducted, and all hospitalizations for HC were identified with their ICD-10 codes. A probability estimation of outcomes was calculated by performing multivariable logistic regression analysis, which took confounders into account.

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Alcohol exacerbates psychosocial stress-induced neuropsychiatric symptoms: Attenuation by geraniol.

Neurochem Int

July 2024

DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.

Adaptation to psychosocial stress is psychologically distressing, initiating/promoting comorbidity with alcohol use disorders. Emerging evidence moreover showed that ethanol (EtOH) exacerbates social-defeat stress (SDS)-induced behavioral impairments, neurobiological sequelae, and poor therapeutic outcomes. Hence, this study investigated the effects of geraniol, an isoprenoid monoterpenoid alcohol with neuroprotective functions on EtOH escalated SDS-induced behavioral impairments, and neurobiological sequelae in mice.

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