The genome sequence of Radford's Flame Shoulder, (Freyer, 1831).

We present a genome assembly from an individual male (Freyer, 1831) (Radford's Flame Shoulder; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 545.70 megabases.

Pharmacist-led DE-eSCALation of opioids post-surgical dischargE (DESCALE) - A multi-centre, non-randomised, feasibility study protocol.

Background: Opioids are frequently prescribed for short-term acute pain following surgery. Used appropriately, opioids deliver extremely favourable pain relief. Used longer than 90-days, however, can result in health complications, including unintentional overdose and addiction.

Copy Number Variant Does Not Influence Stroke Severity in 2 C57BL/6J Mouse Models nor in Humans: An Exploratory Study.

Background: Contrary to the common belief, the most commonly used laboratory C57BL/6J mouse inbred strain presents a distinctive genetic and phenotypic variability, and for several traits, the genotype-phenotype link remains still unknown. Recently, we characterized the most important stroke survival factor such as brain collateral plasticity in 2 brain ischemia C57BL/6J mouse models (bilateral common carotid artery stenosis and middle cerebral artery occlusion) and observed a Mendelian-like fashion of inheritance of the posterior communicating artery (PcomA) patency. Interestingly, a copy number variant (CNV) spanning locus was reported to segregate in an analogous Mendelian-like pattern in the C57BL/6J colonies of the Jackson Laboratory.

Understanding and managing iron deficiency anaemia.

Iron deficiency anaemia develops when there is not enough iron in the body to sustain normal red blood cell production. It is a major cause of morbidity worldwide and is linked to a range of comorbid conditions, including gastrointestinal cancer. In the UK, iron deficiency anaemia is the most common cause of anaemia identified in primary care and is estimated to affect 3% of men and 8% of women.

Assessment of tree-associated atypical myopathy risk factors in Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore) seeds and leaves.

Background: Sycamore tree-derived hypoglycin A (HGA) toxin causes atypical myopathy (AM), an acute, equine pasture-associated rhabdomyolysis but incidence fluctuates.

Objectives: Investigate whether tree or environmental factors influence HGA concentration in sycamore material and are associated with AM relative risk.

Study Design: Retrospective and experimental prospective study.

Longitudinal measures of peripheral optical quality in young children.

Purpose: To assess longitudinal changes in optical quality across the periphery (horizontal meridian, 60°) in young children who are at high (HR) or low risk (LR) of developing myopia, as well as a small subgroup of children who developed myopia over a 3-year time frame.

Methods: Aberrations were measured every 6 months in 92 children with functional emmetropia at baseline. Children were classified into HR or LR based on baseline refractive error and parental myopia.

Sleep characteristics and intervertebral disc degeneration risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Sleep disorders are considered a risk factor for aging and skeletal degeneration, but their impact on intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess associations between sleep characteristics and IDD, and to identify potential causal relationships.

Methods: Exposure factors included six unhealthy sleep characteristics: insomnia, short sleep duration (< 7 h), long sleep duration (≥ 9 h), evening chronotype, daytime sleepiness, and snoring.

Genome-wide profiling of tRNA modifications by Induro-tRNAseq reveals coordinated changes.

While all native tRNAs undergo extensive post-transcriptional modifications as a mechanism to regulate gene expression, mapping these modifications remains challenging. The critical barrier is the difficulty of readthrough of modifications by reverse transcriptases (RTs). Here we use Induro-a new group-II intron-encoded RT-to map and quantify genome-wide tRNA modifications in Induro-tRNAseq.

Sleep variability and time to achieving pregnancy: findings from a pilot cohort study of women desiring pregnancy.

Objective: To determine whether chronodisruption is associated with achieving pregnancy.

Design: Pilot prospective cohort study.

Subjects: One hundred eighty-three women desiring pregnancy were recruited from the local community of an academic medical center located in the Midwest and provided sleep information between February 1, 2015, and November 30, 2017.

Consensus recommendations for measuring the impact of contraception on the menstrual cycle in contraceptive clinical trials.

Objective: We sought to develop consensus recommendations for measurement and analysis of data on contraceptive-induced menstrual changes (CIMCs) in contraceptive clinical trials. We built upon previous standardization efforts over the last 50 years and prioritized input from a variety of global experts and current regulatory authority guidance on patient-reported outcomes.

Study Design: We completed a formal consensus-building process with an interdisciplinary group of 57 experts from 30 organizations and 14 countries in five global regions who work across academia, nonprofit research organizations, the pharmaceutical industry, and funding agencies.

Using Laboratory Test Results for Surveillance During a New Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis in 3-Week- to 5-Year-Old Children in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Ireland, and Curaçao: Observational Cohort Study.

Background: In March 2022, a concerning rise in cases of unexplained pediatric hepatitis was reported in multiple countries. Cases were defined as acute hepatitis with serum transaminases >500 U/L (aspartate transaminase [AST] or alanine transaminase [ALT]) in children aged 16 years or younger. We explored a simple federated data analytics method to search for evidence of unreported cases using routinely held data.

The association of loneliness and social isolation with multimorbidity over 14 years in older adults in England: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Previous longitudinal studies have linked multimorbidity to loneliness (feeling alienated) and social isolation (having reduced social contact). However, the nature of these associations over time is unclear.

Objective: To examine bidirectional associations of multimorbidity with loneliness and social isolation over a 14-year follow-up in a nationally representative cohort of adults aged ≥ 50 years.

Predictors of response to low-dose amitriptyline for irritable bowel syndrome and efficacy and tolerability according to subtype: post hoc analyses from the ATLANTIS trial.

Background: Low-dose amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), was superior to placebo for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the AmitripTyline at Low-dose ANd Titrated for Irritable bowel syndrome as Second-line treatment (ATLANTIS) trial.

Objective: To perform post hoc analyses of ATLANTIS for predictors of response to, and tolerability of, a TCA.

Design: ATLANTIS randomised 463 adults with IBS to amitriptyline (232) or placebo (231).

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody positivity on infection and hospitalisation rates in immunosuppressed populations during the omicron period: the MELODY study.

Background: In the UK, booster COVID-19 vaccinations have been recommended biannually to people considered immune vulnerable. We investigated, at a population level, whether the absence of detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG antibody (anti-S Ab) following three or more vaccinations in immunosuppressed individuals was associated with greater risks of infection and severity of infection.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study using UK national disease registers, we recruited participants with solid organ transplants (SOTs), rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRDs), and lymphoid malignancies.

A mixed method evaluation of a novel targeted health messaging intervention to promote COVID-19 protective behaviours and vaccination among Black and South Asian communities living in the UK (The COBHAM study).

Aim: To evaluate an intervention (a film and electronic leaflet) disseminated via text message by general practices to promote COVID-19 preventative behaviours in Black and South Asian communities.

Methods: We carried out a before-and-after questionnaire study of attitudes to and implementation of COVID-19 preventative behaviours and qualitative interviews about the intervention with people registered with 26 general practices in England who identified as Black or South Asian.

Results: In the 108 people who completed both questionnaires, we found no significant change in attitudes to and implementation of COVID-19 preventative behaviours, although power was too low to detect significant effects.

Therapeutic outcomes and safety of radiofrequency ablation for primary papillary thyroid carcinoma: A game-changing meta-analysis.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an emerging treatment option for small, low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety profiles of RFA for primary T1a vs. T1b PTC.

Crossing the blood-brain barrier: emerging therapeutic strategies for neurological disease.

The blood-brain barrier is a physiological barrier that can prevent both small and complex drugs from reaching the brain to exert a pharmacological effect. For treatment of neurological diseases, drug concentrations at the target site are a fundamental parameter for therapeutic effect; thus, the blood-brain barrier is a major obstacle to overcome. Novel strategies have been developed to circumvent the blood-brain barrier, including CSF delivery, intracranial delivery, ultrasound-based methods, membrane transporters, receptor-mediated transcytosis, and nanotherapeutics.

Isolated subsegmental pulmonary embolism identification based on international classification of diseases (ICD)-10 codes and imaging reports.

Background: Isolated subsegmental pulmonary embolism (issPE) is a commonly encountered diagnosis. Although the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes are used for research, their validity for identifying issPE is unknown. Moreover, issPE diagnosis is challenging, and the findings from radiology reports may conflict with those from expert radiologists.

Groundwater flowpath characteristics drive variability in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) loading across a stream-wetland system.

Groundwater-dependent ecosystems in areas with industrial land use are at risk of exposure to a PFAS chemicals. We investigated one such system with several known PFAS source areas, where high and low permeability sediments (glacial) coupled with groundwater-lake and groundwater/surface-water interactions created complex 'source to seep' dynamics. Using heat-tracing and chemical methods, numerous preferential groundwater discharge zones were identified and sampled across the upper Quashnet River stream-wetland system in Mashpee, MA, USA, downgradient of Joint Base Cape Cod (JBCC).

Associations between domestic hard water exposure and incident psoriasis in adults: Insights from the UK Biobank cohort study.

Although exposure to hard water is associated with various inflammatory skin conditions, the specific relationship between hard water and psoriasis has not been clearly defined. We analyzed data from 486,414 participants in the UK Biobank cohort to explore the association between domestic hard water exposure and the incidence of psoriasis. Domestic water hardness, measured in calcium carbonate concentration, was obtained in 2005 from local water providers in Wales, Scotland, and England.

Evaluation of Patients' Satisfaction with Healthcare Services Provided at the National Health Insurance Authority Clinic of a Tertiary Hospital in South-West, Nigeria.

Background: Patient satisfaction is an essential indicator used for measuring the quality of health care delivered to a patient and contributes to strategies for the improvement of healthcare delivery. This study assessed patients' satisfaction with the quality of care at the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) clinic in a tertiary health facility.

Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional design with 320 respondents who completed a semi-structured questionnaire.

Verbal assessment to confirm nursing associates' occupational readiness.

The aim of nursing programmes is to produce employees who are occupationally ready. One method to assess occupational readiness is a verbal examination of subject area knowledge and understanding. This assessment type is used at a higher education institution in the north of England deemed outstanding by Ofsted.

A multimodal approach to reduce the incidence of peripheral venous cannula bacteraemias and improve patient safety.

Background: Incidence of peripheral venous cannula (PVC) bacteraemia have been rising in a trust in the south-west of England, with a 267% increase noted over the 2022/23 financial year compared with the previous year.

Aim: To use a multimodal approach to reduce the incidence of PVC bacteraemia and improve patient safety.

Methods: The initiative consisted of an educational poster highlighting the severity of infection associated with PVCs alongside key prevention messages rooted in Trust policy.

Spectrum of Manifest Strabismus in A Tertiary Eye Care Hospital in Calabar, Nigeria: Demographics, Types and Co-morbidities.

Background: Strabismus is a potential cause of ocular morbidity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, types of manifest strabismus and co-morbidities among patients attending a referral paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus clinic in Calabar, Nigeria.

Methods: A retrospective review of case-notes of patients attending the paediatric ophthalmology and strabismus clinic from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019 was done.

Validation of the FROM-16 in family members of patients receiving advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP).

Purpose: Outcome-based pricing models which consider domains of value not previously considered in healthcare, such as societal outcomes, are of increasing interest for healthcare systems. Societal outcomes can include family-reported outcome measures (FROMs), which measure the impact of disease upon the patient's family members. The FROM-16 is a generic and easy-to-use family quality of life tool, but it has never been used in the context of patients undergoing advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) treatment.