EGCG inhibits the oxidative damage induced by TiO2-NPs in human colon cell lines.

To assess the protective effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural antioxidant, against cellular oxidative damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs), Human Colon cells NCM460 and Colon Cancer cells SW620 were selected for this study. The cells were divided into three groups: control group, TiO2-NPs (80 μg/mL) exposure group, and EGCG (20 μmol/L)+TiO2-NPs (80 μg/mL) co-exposure group. The study evaluated the precipitation rate of TiO2-NPs influenced by EGCG in a cell-free system.

Potentiation of Catalase-Mediated Plant Thermotolerance by N-Terminal Attachment of Solubilizing/Thermostabilizing Fusion Partners.

Catalase (CAT) plays a crucial role in plant responses to environmental stresses and maintaining redox homeostasis. However, its putative heat lability might compromise its activity and function, thus restricting plant thermotolerance. Herein, we verified Arabidopsis CAT3 was of poor thermostability that was then engineered by fusion expression in .

Phylogeography of (Apiaceae) From the Sky Islands of Southwest China.

Sky islands provide insights on how glacial-interglacial cycles have shaped species distribution and help for predicting species' responses to climate warming. The alpine subnival belt of southwest China, especially in the Hengduan Mountains and adjacent areas, is sky island-like. Among them, the Yunnan-Kweichow Plateau harbors several isolated mountains with well-developed alpine subnival vegetation, sharing a similar species composition with the Hengduan Mountains.

Improvement of cellobiose 2-epimerase expression in Bacillus subtilis for efficient bioconversion of lactose to epilactose.

Epilactose, a lactose derivative known for its prebiotic properties and potential health benefits, has garnered significant interest. Cellulose 2-epimerase (CEase) is responsible for catalyzing the conversion of lactose to epilactose. In this study, the enhancement of food-grade CEase expression in Bacillus subtilis WB600 was systematically investigated.

Correction: Chao et al. MicroRNA-22-3p and MicroRNA-149-5p Inhibit Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Growth and Metastasis Properties by Regulating Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase. 2022, , 952-962.

Author Correction: We apologize for unintentionally using the wrong figures (Figure 5b and Figure 6e) in the original article [...

Yeast surface display technology: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives.

Microbial cell surface display technology, which relies on genetically fusing heterologous target proteins to the cell wall through fusion with cell wall anchor proteins, has emerged as a promising and powerful method with diverse applications in biotechnology and biomedicine. Compared to classical intracellular or extracellular expression (secretion) systems, the cell surface display strategy stands out by eliminating the necessity for enzyme purification, overcoming substrate transport limitations, and demonstrating enhanced activity, stability, and selectivity. Unlike phage or bacterial surface display, the yeast surface display (YSD) system offers distinct advantages, including its large cell size, ease of culture and genetic manipulation, the use of generally regarded as safe (GRAS) host cell, the ability to ensure correct folding of complex eukaryotic proteins, and the potential for post-translational modifications.

Comparative analysis of energy homeostasis regulation at different altitudes in Hengduan Mountain of red-backed vole, , during high-fat diet acclimation: examining gut microbial and physiological interactions.

The study aimed to explore the similarities and differences in gut microorganisms and their functions in regulating body mass in across different altitudes in the Hengduan Mountains when exposed to a high-fat diet. specimens were gathered from Dali (DL) and Xianggelila (XGLL) in Yunnan Province, China, and categorized into control, high-fat (1 week of high-fat diet), and re-feeding groups (1 week of high-fat diet followed by 2 weeks of standard food). The analysis utilized 16S rRNA sequencing to assess the diversity and structure of intestinal microbial communities in .

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Aquilaria yunnanensis.

Aquilaria yunnanensis is an endangered agarwood-producing tree currently listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The agarwood it produces has important medicinal and economic value, but its population has sharply declined due to human destruction and habitat reduction. Therefore, obtaining genomic information on A.

The Arf-GAPs, AoAge1 and AoAge2, regulate diverse cellular processes, conidiation, trap formation, and secondary metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora.

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the ADP ribosylation factor (Arf) family and their activating proteins (Arf-GAPs) are essential for diverse biological processes. Here, two homologous Arf-GAPs, Age1 (AoAge1) and Age2 (AoAge2), were identified in the widespread nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. Our results demonstrated that AoAge1, especially AoAge2, played crucial roles in mycelial growth, sporulation, trap production, stress response, mitochondrial activity, DNA damage, endocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, and autophagy.

Engineering Bacillus subtilis for highly efficient production of functional disaccharide lactulose from lactose.

Bioconversion of lactose to functional lactose derivatives attracts increasing attention. Lactulose is an important high-value lactose derivative, which has been widely used in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries. Lactulose can be enzymatically produced from lactose by cellobiose 2-epimerase (CEase).

Hydrogen sulfide signaling in plant response to temperature stress.

For the past 300 years, hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been considered a toxic gas. Nowadays, it has been found to be a novel signaling molecule in plants involved in the regulation of cellular metabolism, seed germination, plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses, including high temperature (HT) and low temperature (LT). As a signaling molecule, HS can be actively synthesized and degraded in the cytosol, chloroplasts, and mitochondria of plant cells by enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways to maintain homeostasis.

miR-3940-5p reduces amyloid β production via selectively targeting .

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in brain. Mounting evidence has revealed critical roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in AD pathogenesis; however, the miRNAs directly targeting (), which encodes the catalytic core subunit of γ-secretase that limits the production of Aβ from amyloid precursor protein (APP), are extremely understudied. The present study aimed to identify miRNAs targeting and its effect on Aβ production.

Critical Roles of Acidic Residues in Loop Regions of the Structural Surface for the Salt Tolerance of a GH39 β-d-Xylosidase.

Xylan is the main component of hemicellulose. Complete hydrolysis of xylan requires synergistically acting xylanases, such as β-d-xylosidases. Salt-tolerant β-d-xylosidases have significant application benefits, but few reports have explored the critical amino acids affecting the salt tolerance of xylosidases.

Telomere length and micronuclei trajectories in APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: Correlating with cognitive impairment and brain amyloidosis in a sexually dimorphic manner.

Although studies have demonstrated that genome instability is accumulated in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), the specific types of genome instability linked to AD pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Here, we report the first characterization of the age- and sex-related trajectories of telomere length (TL) and micronuclei in APP/PS1 mice model and wild-type (WT) controls (C57BL/6). TL was measured in brain (prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, pituitary gland, and hippocampus), colon and skin, and MN was measured in bone marrow in 6- to 14-month-old mice.

Inference of Gene Regulatory Networks Based on Multi-view Hierarchical Hypergraphs.

Since gene regulation is a complex process in which multiple genes act simultaneously, accurately inferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs) is a long-standing challenge in systems biology. Although graph neural networks can formally describe intricate gene expression mechanisms, current GRN inference methods based on graph learning regard only transcription factor (TF)-target gene interactions as pairwise relationships, and cannot model the many-to-many high-order regulatory patterns that prevail among genes. Moreover, these methods often rely on limited prior regulatory knowledge, ignoring the structural information of GRNs in gene expression profiles.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the effect of propyl gallate on kiwifruit callus formation.

Exploring the potential action mechanisms of reactive oxygen species during the callus inducing, they can activate specific metabolic pathways in explants to regulate callus development. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the regulation of plant growth and development, but the mechanism of their action on plant callus formation remains to be elucidated. To address this question, kiwifruit was selected as the explant for callus induction, and the influence of ROS on callus formation was investigated by introducing propyl gallate (PG) as an antioxidant into the medium used for inducing callus.

Engineering peroxisomal biosynthetic pathways for maximization of triterpene production in .

Constructing efficient cell factories for product synthesis is frequently hampered by competing pathways and/or insufficient precursor supply. This is particularly evident in the case of triterpenoid biosynthesis in , where squalene biosynthesis is tightly coupled to cytosolic biosynthesis of sterols essential for cell viability. Here, we addressed this problem by reconstructing the complete squalene biosynthetic pathway, starting from acetyl-CoA, in the peroxisome, thus harnessing peroxisomal acetyl-CoA pool and sequestering squalene synthesis in this organelle from competing cytosolic reactions.

Redescription of both Goniogryllus bistriatus Wu & Wang, 1992 and Callogryllus yunnanus Wu & Zheng, 1992 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae, Gryllinae).

Goniogryllus bistriatus Wu & Wang, 1992 was described at the end of the last century, based on the female holotype, and there have been no further studies or reports related to this species since then. Callogryllus yunnanus Wu & Zheng, 1992 also has a similar situation. Although the holotype is a male, its external genitalia have been lost.

Methylation of the leptin gene promoter is associated with a negative correlation between leptin concentration and body fat in Tupaia belangeri.

Aims: Leptin is a signaling protein secreted by white adipose tissue encoded by the obesity gene, and its main function is to regulate the food intake and energy metabolism in mammals. Previous studies had found that animal leptin concentration was positively correlated with its body fat, but the leptin concentration of Tupaia belangeri was negatively correlated with its body fat mass. The present study attempted to investigate the mechanisms of leptin concentration negatively correlated with its body fat mass in T.

Fecal Metagenomics Study Reveals That a Low-Fiber Diet Drives the Migration of Wild Asian Elephants in Xishuangbanna, China.

The rare northward migration of wild Asian elephants in Xishuangbanna, China, has attracted global attention. Elephant migration is a complex ecological process, and the factors driving this long-distance migration remain elusive. In this study, fresh fecal samples were collected from both captive and wild Asian elephants, along with breastfed calves residing within the Wild Elephant Valley of Xishuangbanna.

Multiomics Analysis Reveals the Chemical and Genetic Bases of Pigmented Potato Tuber.

Anthocyanins and carotenoids determine the diversity of potato tuber flesh pigmentation; here, the underlying chemical and genetic bases were elucidated by multiomics analyses. A total of 31 anthocyanins and 30 carotenoids were quantified in five differently pigmented tubers. Cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives determined the redness, while malvidin, petunidin, and delphinidin derivatives contributed to purpleness.

Presenilin-1, mutated in familial Alzheimer's disease, maintains genome stability via a γ-secretase dependent way.

Mutations in Presenilin-1 (PS1) account for over 80 % mutations linked to familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms of action of PS1 mutations in causing familial AD are not fully understood, limiting opportunities to develop targeted disease-modifying therapies for individuals carrying PS1 mutation. To gain more comprehensive insights into the impact of PS1 mutations on genome stability, we knocked down PS1 in SH-SY5Y, HMC3 and A549 cells.