Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Changes in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients With Vertebral Bone Marrow Lesions.

Background: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a significant global health concern, often linked to vertebral bone marrow lesions (BML), particularly fatty replacement (FR). This study aims to explore the relationship between the gut microbiome, serum metabolome, and FR in chronic LBP patients.

Methods: Serum metabolomic profiling and gut microbiome analysis were conducted in chronic LBP patients with and without FR (LBP + FR,  = 40; LBP,  = 40) and Healthy Controls (HC,  = 31).

Seasonal Variations in Testicular Torsion: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Testicular torsion (TT) is a urological emergency requiring prompt intervention to prevent irreversible damage to the testicle.

Objective: This study aims to assess trends in men's TT referrals, diagnostic evaluation through Doppler sonography (DS) scan, symptoms before surgery, orchidectomy rates, and TT laterality in relation to age and seasons of the year.

Methods: This observational retrospective cohort study included all patients treated for TT at King Abdullah University Hospital between 2009 and 2021.

Dosimetric Planning Comparison for Left Ventricle Avoidance in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Radiotherapy.

Introduction: Radiation may unintentionally injure myocardial tissue, potentially leading to radiation-induced cardiac disease (RICD), with the net benefit of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) radiotherapy (RT) due to the proximity of the lung and heart. RTOG-0617 showed a greater reduction in overall survival (OS) comparing higher doses to standard radiation doses in NSCLC RT. VHeart has been reported as an OS predictor in the first- and fifth-year follow-ups.

Water pollution, cholera, and the role of probiotics: a comprehensive review in relation to public health in Bangladesh.

Cholera, a disease caused by , remains a pervasive public health threat, particularly in regions with inadequate water sanitation and hygiene infrastructure, such as Bangladesh. This review explores the complex interplay between water pollution and cholera transmission in Bangladesh, highlighting how contaminated water bodies serve as reservoirs for . A key focus is the potential role of probiotics as a novel intervention approach for cholera prevention and management.

Intrinsic Gene Expression Correlates of the Biophysically Modeled Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful tool to identify the structural and functional correlates of neurological illness but provides limited insight into molecular neurobiology. Using rat genetic models of autism spectrum disorder, we show that image texture-processed neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) diffusion MRI possesses an intrinsic relationship with gene expression that corresponds to the biophysically modeled cellular compartments of the NODDI diffusion signal. Specifically, we demonstrate that neurite density index and orientation dispersion index signals are correlated with intracellular and extracellular gene expression, respectively.

Citrus transcription factor CsERF1 is involved in the response to citrus tristeza disease.

Introduction: Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a threat to the citrus production and causes severe economic losses to the citrus industry. Ethylene response factors (ERFs) play important roles in plant growth and stress responses. Although ERF genes have been widely studied in model plants, little is known about their role in biological stress responses in fruit trees, such as citrus.

Conservative mechanism through various rapeseed ( L.) varieties respond to heavy metal (Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic) stress.

Introduction: Heavy metal soil pollution is a global issue that can be efficiently tackled through the process of phytoremediation. The use of rapeseed in the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural land shows great potential. Nevertheless, its ability to tolerate heavy metal stress at the molecular level remains unclear.

Comparison of dark-field chest radiography and CT for the assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Background: Dark-field chest radiography allows the assessment of the structural integrity of the alveoli by exploiting the wave properties of x-rays.

Purpose: To compare the qualitative and quantitative features of dark-field chest radiography in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with conventional CT imaging.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study conducted from May 2020 to December 2020, patients aged at least 18 years who underwent chest CT for clinically suspected COVID-19 infection were screened for participation.

Targeting accuracy of neuronavigation: a comparative evaluation of an innovative wearable AR platform vs. traditional EM navigation.

Wearable augmented reality in neurosurgery offers significant advantages by enabling the visualization of navigation information directly on the patient, seamlessly integrating virtual data with the real surgical field. This ergonomic approach can facilitate a more intuitive understanding of spatial relationships and guidance cues, potentially reducing cognitive load and enhancing the accuracy of surgical gestures by aligning critical information with the actual anatomy in real-time. This study evaluates the benefits of a novel AR platform, VOSTARS, by comparing its targeting accuracy to that of the gold-standard electromagnetic (EM) navigation system, Medtronic StealthStation S7.

Comparing parboiling and milling for selenium-enriched rice (): Differences in selenium speciation, texture, microstructure, and sensory.

Parboiled rice can effectively retain Se during milling. In this study, Se-enriched rice grains were sprayed with three different concentrations of bioSeNPs fertilizer on the leaves at heading stage and then processed into parboiled and milled rice. The aim was to investigate the effects of parboiling on Se speciation, texture, microstructure, taste, and flavor of cooked rice.

Exploring the noncovalent interaction between β-lactoglobulin and flavonoids under nonthermal process: Characterization, physicochemical properties, and potential for lycopene delivering.

The poor structure stability and low bioavailability of lycopene (LY) hampers the wide application in food field. Thus, it is crucial to explore novel deliver carrier for LY based on protein-flavonoid complexes. In this study, the noncovalent interaction mechanism between β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) and flavonoids (apigenin (API), luteolin (LUT), myricetin (MY), apigenin-7-O-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and myricetrin) under ultrasound treatment was explored.

Effective and Engaging Active Learning in the Medical School Classroom: Lessons from Case-Based Collaborative Learning.

Large group collaborative teaching approaches are rapidly gaining popularity in undergraduate medical education. The case-based collaborative Learning (CBCL) pedagogy was instituted for pre-clerkship teaching at Harvard Medical School in 2015 with subsequent implementation at other medical schools. CBCL emphasizes inductive reasoning, integrates basic and clinical sciences, stimulates curiosity, and fosters teamwork.

Standardised activities in wheelchair rugby, comparison between athletes with coordination impairment and athletes with other impairments.

Introduction: To determine if athletes with coordination impairment (CI) can continue playing wheelchair rugby (WR), while an evidence-based classification system, including impairment tests for CI is not yet available. This is a defensible practise if they show similar activity limitations as athletes with other eligible impairment types (OI) within the same sports class.

Methods: Standardised activities were measured in 58 elite WR athletes; 14 with CI and 44 with OI.

MEPFeatX-automated feature extraction of motor-evoked potentials in transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are an important measure in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) when assessing neuronal excitability in clinical diagnostics related to motor function, as well as in neuroscience research. However, manual feature extraction from large datasets can be time-consuming and prone to human error, and valuable features, such as MEP polyphasia and duration, are often neglected. Several packages have been developed to simplify the process; however, they are often tailored to specific studies or are not accessible.

Hybrid additive manufacturing for Zn-Mg casting for biomedical application.

Zinc (Zn) and its alloys have been the focus of recent materials and manufacturing research for orthopaedic implants due to their favorable characteristics including desirable mechanical strength, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. In this research, a novel process involving additive manufacturing (AM) augmented casting was employed to fabricate zinc-magnesium (Zn-0.8 Mg) artifacts with surface lattices composed of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), specifically gyroid.

Improving the binding affinity of plastic degrading cutinase with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU); an in-silico study.

Plastic pollution is a worrying problem, and its degradation is a laborious process. Although enzymatic plastic breakdown is a sustainable method, drawbacks such as numerous plastic kinds of waste make the degradation challenging. Therefore, a multi-plastic degrading (MPD) enzyme becomes necessary.

Efficient information exchange approach for medical IoT based on AI and DAG-enabled blockchain.

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) based medical Internet of Things (IoT) technology plays a crucial role in making the collection and exchange of medical information more convenient. However, security, privacy, and efficiency issues during information exchange have become pressing challenges. While many scholars have proposed solutions based on AI and blockchain to address these issues, few have focused on the impact of the slow consensus algorithm of blockchain on the efficiency of information exchange.

Introducing an integrated approach for fire safety assessment in healthcare facilities by interval valued neutrosophic-AHP and Fuzzy Inference System.

Fire safety in healthcare facilities is extremely important due to limited evacuation capacity of occupants. Therefore, poor fire safety precautions lead to more fatalities and financial losses. This study introduces an effective fire risk management approach for healthcare buildings utilizing an interval valued neutrosophic-fuzzy framework.

Prediction of energy consumption in four sectors using support vector regression optimized with genetic algorithm.

Effectively managing and optimizing energy resources to accommodate population growth while minimizing carbon emissions has become increasingly intricate. A proficient approach to this dilemma is accurately predicting energy usage and emissions across diverse sectors. This paper unveils a genetic algorithm (GA)-optimized support vector regression (SVR) model designed to (i) predict electricity generation, (ii) predict energy consumption in four primary sectors-residential, industrial, commercial, and agricultural, and (iii) estimate sector-specific carbon emissions.

Deep eutectic solvent-assisted carbon quantum dots from biomass : A fluorescent sensor for nanomolar detection of dual analytes mercury (Ⅱ) and glutathione.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have attracted significant attention in recent years due to its environment friendly characteristics and its participation in the multi-heteroatom doping of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). In this work, we present a simple, fast, and environment-friendly microwave synthesis approach for the synthesis of DES-assisted nitrogen and chloride co-doped CQDs (N,Cl-CQDs) using a choline chloride-urea based DES. A biomass-based precursor, i.

Highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensing using Ni nanowires and graphene thin film on the gate area of extended gate electric double-layer field-effect transistor.

This study presents an innovative glucose detection platform, featuring a highly sensitive, non-enzymatic glucose sensor. The sensor integrates nickel nanowires and a graphene thin film deposited on the gate region of an extended-gate electric double-layer field-effect transistor (EGEDL-FET). This unique combination of materials and device structure enables superior glucose sensing performance.

A numerical assessment of the heterogeneous effects of innovative shroud profiles for horizontal axis wind turbine.

Wind turbine control is critical in power generation from wind, thus assuring great efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This has been a subject of intense research, and its advancements are critical to developing even better and efficient wind turbines. This research looks at several passive flow control mechanisms for horizontal wind turbines.

Optimizing mechanical performance: Epoxy-graphene oxide nanocomposites for enhanced strength in lattice structure.

The potential of epoxy-graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites to improve the mechanical characteristics of conventional epoxy resins is causing them to gain prominence. This makes them appropriate for advanced engineering applications, including structural materials, automotive, and aerospace. This study aimed to develop an epoxy/GO composite with improved mechanical properties through synthesizing epoxy/GO samples with varying GO content (from 0.

Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve injury-induced cellular ecological shifts: Implications for neuroregeneration.

The peripheral nervous system is a complex ecological network, and its injury triggers a series of fine-grained intercellular regulations that play a crucial role in the repair process. The peripheral nervous system is a sophisticated ecological network, and its injury initiates a cascade of intricate intercellular regulatory processes that are instrumental in the repair process. Despite the advent of sophisticated microsurgical techniques, the repair of peripheral nerve injuries frequently proves inadequate, resulting in adverse effects on patients' quality of life.