Comparing carbon agronomic footprint and sequestration in Central American coffee agroforestry systems and assessing trade-offs with economic returns.

Agricultural systems are both emitters of greenhouse gases and have the potential to sequester carbon, especially agroforestry systems. Coffee agroforestry systems offer a wide range of intensities of use of agricultural inputs and densities and management of shade trees. We assessed the agronomic carbon footprint (up to farm gate) and modelled the carbon sequestration of a range of coffee agroforestry systems across 180 farms in Costa Rica and Guatemala.

Modeling regional private income and its embedded carbon emissions: sources, flows and inequalities.

Composing regional total income jointly with government income, private income represents levels of development and affluence from the household perspective. Considering the need for fair carbon emission reduction responsibility distributions among regions with divergent income levels, private income-embedded emission (PIEE) and the inter-regional inequalities remain to be explored. Combining input-output analysis and the Gini coefficient, this study traces the sources and disposals of regional private income in China, as well as their embedded carbon emission flow, and quantifies the distribution and inequality of PIEE across industrial sectors and provincial regions.

Photo-driven Ammonia Synthesis via a Proton-mediated Photoelectrochemical Device.

N2 reduction reaction (NRR) by light is an energy-saving and sustainable ammonia (NH3) synthesis technology. However, it faces significant challenges, including high energy barriers of N2 activation and unclear catalytic active sites. Herein, we propose a strategy of photo-driven ammonia synthesis via a proton-mediated photoelectrochemical device.

Tunable NiSe-NiSe Heterojunction for Energy-Efficient Hydrogen Production by Coupling Urea Degradation.

Urea-assisted water splitting is a promising energy-saving hydrogen (H) production technology. However, its practical application is hindered by the lack of high-performance bifunctional catalysts for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a heterostructured catalyst comprising highly active NiSe and NiSe, along with a conductive graphene-coated nickel foam skeleton (NiSe-NiSe/GNF) is reported.

Recent Advances and Perspectives on Coupled Water Electrolysis for Energy-Saving Hydrogen Production.

Overall water splitting (OWS) to produce hydrogen has attracted large attention in recent years due to its ecological-friendliness and sustainability. However, the efficiency of OWS has been forced by the sluggish kinetics of the four-electron oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The replacement of OER by alternative electrooxidation of small molecules with more thermodynamically favorable potentials may fundamentally break the limitation and achieve hydrogen production with low energy consumption, which may also be accompanied by the production of more value-added chemicals than oxygen or by electrochemical degradation of pollutants.

Energy-Saving Electrochemical Hydrogen Production via Amorphous CoMoP/NF Bifunctional Catalyst Coupled with HMF Oxidation Reactions in Alkaline Electrolyte.

To improve water splitting efficiency and enhance energy utilization, it is crucial to develop catalysts with excellent activity, long-term stability, and low cost. In this study, we synthesized a three-dimensional nanostructured amorphous CoMoP/NF bifunctional catalyst for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation reaction (HMFOR), using a sacrificial template method. Benefiting from element doping regulation and morphology control, CoMoP/NF exhibited outstanding catalytic activity.

Machine learning accelerated nonadiabatic dynamics simulations of materials with excitonic effects.

This study presents an efficient methodology for simulating nonadiabatic dynamics of complex materials with excitonic effects by integrating machine learning (ML) models with simplified Tamm-Dancoff approximation (sTDA) calculations. By leveraging ML models, we accurately predict ground-state wavefunctions using unconverged Kohn-Sham (KS) Hamiltonians. These ML-predicted KS Hamiltonians are then employed for sTDA-based excited-state calculations (sTDA/ML).

A Green Computing Business Aggregation Strategy for Low Earth Orbit Satellite Networks.

This paper proposes a green computing strategy for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks (LSNs), addressing energy efficiency and delay optimization in dynamic and energy-constrained environments. By integrating a Markov Decision Process (MDP) with a Double Deep Q-Network (Double DQN) and introducing the Energy-Delay Ratio (EDR) metric, this study effectively quantifies and balances energy savings with delay costs. Simulations demonstrate significant energy savings, with reductions of up to 47.

Enhancing Greenhouse Efficiency: Integrating IoT and Reinforcement Learning for Optimized Climate Control.

Automated systems, regulated by algorithmic protocols and predefined set-points for feedback control, require the oversight and fine tuning of skilled technicians. This necessity is particularly pronounced in automated greenhouses, where optimal environmental conditions depend on the specialized knowledge of dedicated technicians, emphasizing the need for expert involvement during installation and maintenance. To address these challenges, this study proposes the integration of data acquisition technologies using Internet of Things (IoT) protocols and optimization services via reinforcement learning (RL) methodologies.

Energy-Efficient Dynamic Enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination Scheme Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in H-CRAN.

The proliferation of 5G networks has revolutionized wireless communication by delivering enhanced speeds, ultra-low latency, and widespread connectivity. However, in heterogeneous cloud radio access networks (H-CRAN), efficiently managing inter-cell interference while ensuring energy conservation remains a critical challenge. This paper presents a novel energy-efficient, dynamic enhanced inter-cell interference coordination (eICIC) scheme based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL).

Development and Evaluation of Five-in-One Vaccine Microneedle Array Patch for Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B, and Type b: Immunological Efficacy and Long-Term Stability.

: The development of a five-in-one vaccine microneedle patch (five-in-one MN patch) aims to address challenges in administering vaccines against Diphtheria (DT), Tetanus (TT), Pertussis (wP), Hepatitis B (HBsAg), and type b (Hib). Combining multiple vaccines into a single patch offers a novel solution to improve vaccine accessibility, stability, and delivery efficiency, particularly in resource-limited settings. : The five-in-one MN patch consists of four distinct microneedle arrays: DT and TT vaccines are coated together on one array, while wP, HepB, and Hib vaccines are coated separately on individual arrays.

Effects of Cr Doping on Spinel LiMnO Morphology and Electrochemical Performance.

LiMnO, a significant cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, has garnered considerable attention due to its low cost and environmental friendliness. However, its widespread application is constrained by its rapid capacity degradation and short cycle life at elevated temperatures. To enhance the electrochemical performance of LiMnO, we employed a liquid-phase co-precipitation and calcination method to incorporate Cr into the LiMnO cathode material, successfully synthesizing a series of LiCrMnO (x = 0~0.

The Ideal Canine Companion: Re-Exploring Australian Perspectives on Ideal Characteristics for Companion Dogs.

Defining the ideal characteristics of canine companions is imperative to those seeking to improve human-dog relationships. Previous investigations into the preferred traits of companion dogs were conducted before substantial recent events, such as the rise of social media and the COVID-19 pandemic, which altered human lifestyles and potentially affected canine preferences and owner satisfaction. This study surveyed Australian adults ( = 337) online to assess these shifts.

Design and Experiment of a PLC-Based Intelligent Thermal Insulation Box for Nursing Piglets.

Local heating of the activity area for nursing piglets is crucial for piglet health and the energy efficiency of barn climate control. Traditional heating methods using lamps or covers lack precise control, result in significant energy waste, and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to piglet age or changing environmental temperatures. To address these issues, this study designed a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)-based thermal insulation box for nursing piglets, utilizing a strip heater instead of the conventional round heating lamp.

Cellular Core/Sheath Filaments with Thermoresponsive Vacuum Cavities for Prolonged Passive Temperature-Adaptive Thermoregulation.

Acting as the interface between the human body and its environment, clothing is indispensable in human thermoregulation and even survival under extreme environmental conditions. Development of clothing textiles with prolonged passive temperature-adaptive thermoregulation without external energy consumption is much needed for protection from thermal stress and energy saving, but very challenging. Here, a temperature-adaptive thermoregulation filament (TATF) consisting of thermoresponsive vacuum cavities formed by the temperature-responsive volume change of the material confined in the cellular cores of the filament is proposed.

Unlocking new possibilities in ionic thermoelectric materials: a machine learning perspective.

The high thermopower of ionic thermoelectric (-TE) materials holds promise for miniaturized waste-heat recovery devices and thermal sensors. However, progress is hampered by laborious trial-and-error experimentations, which lack theoretical underpinning. Herein, by introducing the simplified molecular-input line-entry system, we have addressed the challenge posed by the inconsistency of -TE material types, and present a machine learning model that evaluates the Seebeck coefficient with an of 0.

Marital satisfaction and its impact on frailty in Korean older adults: a longitudinal analysis.

Background: Despite a wealth of literature on marital dissatisfaction and adverse health outcomes, little is known about the relationship between marital dissatisfaction and frailty in older adults.

Methods: This longitudinal study utilised the data of 11 174 individuals who participated in the biennial Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing survey from 2006 to 2020 and were aged ≥45 during the initial wave. Frailty was measured using a frailty instrument, which utilised exhaustion, social isolation, and handgrip strength weakness.

Textural Analysis of Sea Lamprey Muscle From Guadiana and Mondego Rivers (Portugal) Using the Warner-Bratzler Shear Method.

Assessment of sea lamprey texture from the Guadiana and Mondego River basins. Lamprey has served as food for centuries, and nowadays it is highly appreciated, mainly in southern European countries. Therefore, the quality requirements of the lamprey are closely scrutinized by consumers.

Two-stage multi-objective framework for optimal operation of modern distribution network considering demand response program.

To improve the inadequate reliability of the grid that has led to a worsening energy crisis and environmental issues, comprehensive research on new clean renewable energy and efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly energy management technologies is essential. This requires the creation of advanced energy management systems to enhance system reliability and optimize efficiency. Demand-side energy management systems are a superior solution for multiple reasons.

An intelligent incentive-based demand response program for exhaustive environment constrained techno-economic analysis of microgrid system.

The cost-effective scheduling of distributed energy resources through sophisticated optimization algorithms is the main focus of recent work on microgrid energy management. In order to improve load factor and efficiency, load-shifting techniques are frequently used in conjunction with additional complex constraints such as PHEV scheduling and battery life assessment. Pollutant reduction, however, is rarely highlighted as a primary goal.

Self-Sufficient Electrochromic Solar Cells: Photovoltaic and Color Modulating Smart Windows.

Electronic devices cover a large subset of daily life gadgets which use power to run, hence increasing the load of the energy needs and indirectly impacting greenhouse gas emissions. Smart electrochromic windows provide a solution to this through remarkable energy saving by adjusting optical behavior depending on the environmental conditions. Since the electrochromic windows also need power to run, a self-powered electrochromic panel will be a better solution.

The urban carbon unlocking effect of digital infrastructure construction: A spatial difference-in-difference analysis from "Broadband China" pilot policy.

As the foundation and cornerstone of the digital economy, digital infrastructure construction is an indispensable engine for realizing China's energy-saving and emission-reduction, innovation-driven and low-carbon transformation and development. Investigating the carbon unlocking effect of digital infrastructure construction might hasten the achievement of the dual-carbon goal and the "win-win" scenario of environmental protection and economic growth. However, there is still a gap between whether and how digital infrastructure construction can break the carbon lock-in (CLI).

CeO -anchored β-Ni(OH) nanosheets onto nickel foam for efficient energy-saving hydrogen production an electrocatalytic glucose oxidation reaction.

Electrolytic glucose oxidation has garnered great interest in energy-saving hydrogen generation. However, high charge-transfer resistance and inefficient active centers have been recognized as the primary issues for poor electrochemical performance. In this study, for the first time, we offer a novel defect-rich CeO /β-Ni(OH) composite nanosheet-decorated Ni foam electrocatalyst (denoted as Ce@NF-GA), synthesized a unique hydrothermal approach under the co-participation of glycerol and acetic acid.

Affordability of healthy and water-saving dietary patterns in The Gambia.

Dietary modification has the potential to improve nutritional status and reduce environmental impacts of the food system. However, for many countries, the optimal composition of locally contextualized healthy and sustainable diets is unknown. The Gambia is vulnerable to climate-change-induced future water scarcity which may affect crop yields and the ability to supply healthy diets.

Evaluation of energy efficiency actions in Mexican aqueducts with an approach on their performance over time. Case study: Northwest Mexico aqueduct.

Transporting bulk water from cities where it is scarce requires significant amounts of energy. It is estimated that 7 % of the world's energy production is consumed by pumping systems. Most energy efficiency actions are not applicable to systems of bulk water distribution.