Biosemiotic medicines: Symbolic formulations for placebo enhancements.

The healing response is a complex and multiform procedure that involves many physical and symbolic interactions and synchronizations. In the clinical research model, certain factors are abstracted during which contextual elements, such as placebo responses and communicative factors, are excluded to reveal the pieces of evidence that are necessary for the mass production of clinical materials and methods. On the other side, clinical practice is a singular and chaotic communicative action in which we should include contextual and discursive factors for prompting proper biological as well as behavioral responses.

Role of Traumatic Events and Motivational Structure in Ambiguity Tolerance of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

: The main purpose of this study was to delineate the role of motivational structure and traumatic events in the prediction of ambiguity tolerance in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). : A total of 200 patients with the diagnosis of IBS, referred to the Shariati hospital in 2018, were enrolled using a correlational design and convenience sampling. All participants were asked to complete the ambiguity tolerance questionnaire, the life event checklist, and the personal concerns inventory.

Comparison of the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy on pain tolerance and intensity perception in patients with dental anxiety: A randomized trial.

Background: Dental anxiety has negative effects on dentists' pain management. Patients have different levels of pain tolerance. Therefore, providing psychological interventions can reduce treatment avoidance and promote oral health.

Validation of Self-Assessed Form of Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research Adapted from Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research - Structured Interview.

Background: As the diagnostic criteria for psychosomatic research-structured interview (DCPR-SI) is a rater-assessed questionnaire, it has not been used vastly in community-based studies and clinics. Describing and investigating self-assessed form of DCPR are an attempt to apply it easier and more worthwhile for medical settings. The aim of this study was to describe and present self-assessed form of DCPR self-assessed (DCPR-SA) and test its validity and reliability.

The Illness Belief Network Questionnaire: Development and Evaluation of a Psychosomatic Assessment Tool.

Patients' beliefs and emotions toward an illness can influence their coping responses, illness behaviors, adherence to treatment, quality of life, and even the psychoneuroimmune responses. The aim of present study was to develop and validate a novel questionnaire assessing both rational and irrational beliefs of patients regarding their illness. In a cross sectional methodological study, the items of the Illness Belief Network (IBN) were developed regarding patients and clients' opinions about and attribution of their disease extracted from 400 clinical interviews and were coded based on Leventhal's self-regulation model.

Attitudes of Iranian Psychiatrists to Psychosomatic Medicine: A Qualitative Content Analysis.

Psychosomatic attitudes may be rooted and grounded in the particular culture of the scientific community in each country. We conducted a qualitative research to understand the exclusive psychosomatic attitudes and psychosomatic medicine status of Iranian Psychiatrists. This research was conducted using a qualitative content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundmanand method.

Effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on body image flexibility and body awareness in patients with psychosomatic disorders: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: The aim of this research was to examine the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for body image flexibility and body awareness in these patients.

Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted at Kashan University of Medical Sciences clinics in Kashan, Iran, from December 1, 2017 to March 30, 2018. A sample of 75 patients with psychosomatic disorders was selected by convenience sampling.

Effects of a Passive Online Software Application on Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Nervous System Balance.

Objective: This study investigated whether short-term exposure to a passive online software application of purported subtle energy technology would affect heart rate variability (HRV) and associated autonomic nervous system measures.

Methods: This was a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled clinical trial (RCT). The study took place in a nonprofit laboratory in Emeryville, California.

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Wholistic Hybrid Derived From Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and Emotional Freedom Technique (WHEE) for Self-Treatment of Pain, Depression, and Anxiety in Chronic Pain Patients.

In this pilot study, a convenience sample of 24 chronic pain patients (17 with chronic fatigue syndrome/fibromyalgia) were randomized into WHEE treatment and wait-list control groups for 6 weeks. Assessments of depression, anxiety, and pain were completed before, during, and at 1 and 3 months after treatment. Wait-listed patients then received an identical course of WHEE and assessments.

Biofield Science and Healing: History, Terminology, and Concepts.

Biofield science is an emerging field of study that aims to provide a scientific foundation for understanding the complex homeodynamic regulation of living systems. By furthering our scientific knowledge of the biofield, we arrive at a better understanding of the foundations of biology as well as the phenomena that have been described as "energy medicine." Energy medicine, the application of extremely low-level signals to the body, including energy healer interventions and bio-electromagnetic device-based therapies, is incomprehensible from the dominant biomedical paradigm of "life as chemistry.