Relationship between the gut microbiota and temperament in children 1-2 years old in Chinese birth cohort.

Background: Understanding the relationship between the gut microbiota and temperament can provide new insights for the regulation of behavioral intervention in children, which is still lacking research. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the gut microbiota and temperament in a cohort of children in 1 year and 2 years old.

Methods: This study included a total of 37 children with completed information, in which 51 samples at age 1 and 41 samples at age 2 were received respectively.

Evaluating Birth Outcomes From a Community-Based Pregnancy Support Program for Refugee Women in Georgia.

Refugee women face numerous and unique barriers to sexual and reproductive healthcare and can experience worse pregnancy-related outcomes compared with U.S.-born and other immigrant women.

Pain Management Nurses' Roles During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Millions of people globally have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. It's impact on pain management nurses roles' remains unknown.

Aims: To explore role changes among pain management nurses performing patient care during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Pain and Self-Management Status Among Chinese Patients With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: To investigate the pain and self-management status of patients with cancer and the influencing factors of pain and self-management status during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Eighty-one Chinese patients with cancer were recruited in December 2020.

Adverse birth outcomes associated with household air pollution from unclean cooking fuels in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.

Approximately 3.8 billion people in low- and middle-income countries use unclean fuels as a source of primary cooking fuel as well as for heating. For pregnant women, the toxic chemicals produced by combustion of unclean fuels not only affect women's health directly, but particulate matter and carbon monoxide are absorbed in maternal blood and cross the placental barrier impairing fetal tissue growth.

Obesity Is Associated with Sustained Symptomatology and Unique Inflammatory Features in Children with Asthma.

Background: Obesity complicates the clinical manifestations of asthma in children. However, few studies have examined longitudinal outcomes or markers of systemic inflammation in obese asthmatic children.

Objective: We hypothesized that obese children with asthma would have: (1) poorer clinical outcomes over 12 months, (2) decreased responsiveness to systemic corticosteroid administration, (3) greater markers of systemic inflammation, and (4) unique amino acid metabolites associated with oxidative stress.

Immune thrombocytopenia in 2 healthy young women after the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT16B2b2 messenger RNA coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a rare complication associated with vaccines targeting various diseases, including influenza, measles-mumps-rubella, hepatitis B, and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis. We report 2 cases of ITP in healthy 20-year-old and 21-year-old women presenting to Emory University in Atlanta, GA, 2 days after the second dose and 11 days after the first dose (respectively) of the Pfizer-BioNTech messenger RNA severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine. Both patients recovered quickly.

From Florence to fossil fuels: Nursing has always been about environmental health.

Background: Since its founding, professional nursing has applied an environmental lens to healing.

Methods: This CANS 2020 Keynote article describes the history of nursing environmental science and nurses important contributions to the US Environmental Justice Movement. Starting with Florence Nightingale's Notes on Nursing, which established Environmental Theory, the paper introduces key figures throughout nursing history who have studied and advocated for environmental health and justice.

The Emergency Medicine Physician Workforce: Projections for 2030.

Study Objective: The goals of this study were to determine the current and projected supply in 2030 of contributors to emergency care, including emergency residency-trained and board-certified physicians, other physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants. In addition, this study was designed to determine the current and projected demand for residency-trained, board-certified emergency physicians.

Methods: To forecast future workforce supply and demand, sources of existing data were used, assumptions based on past and potential future trends were determined, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine how the final forecast would be subject to variance in the baseline inputs and assumptions.

Feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of an online expressive writing intervention for COVID-19 resilience.

Background & Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mental health in the general population. In this trial, our objective was to assess whether a 6-week expressive writing intervention improves resilience in a sample from the general population in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials & Methods: This 6-week trial was conducted online.

Optimizing the Global Nursing Workforce to Ensure Universal Palliative Care Access and Alleviate Serious Health-Related Suffering Worldwide.

Context: Palliative care access is fundamental to the highest attainable standard of health and a core component of universal health coverage. Forging universal palliative care access is insurmountable without strategically optimizing the nursing workforce and integrating palliative nursing into health systems at all levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored both the critical need for accessible palliative care to alleviate serious health-related suffering and the key role of nurses to achieve this goal.

The RADx Tech Clinical Studies Core: A Model for Academic Based Clinical Studies.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) launched the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx) Tech initiative to support the development and commercialization of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) point-of-care test devices. The primary objective of the Clinical Studies Core (CSC) was to perform SARS-CoV-2 device studies involving diverse populations and settings. Within a few months, the infrastructure for clinical studies was developed, including a master protocol, digital study platform, data management system, single IRB, and multi-site partnerships.

Differential Pain Presentations Observed across Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Trajectories after Combat Injury.

Objective: This study evaluated the association between pain outcomes and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom trajectories after combat-related injury, while adjusting for receipt of regional anesthesia (RA) soon after injury.

Methods: The PTSD symptom trajectories of N = 288 combat-injured service members were examined from within a month of injury up to two-years after. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated the association between PTSD symptom trajectories and average pain and pain interference outcomes while adjusting for receipt of RA during combat casualty care.

Psychosocial Mechanisms of Self-rated Successful Aging with HIV: A Structural Equation Model.

This study tested a conceptual psychosocial model of self-rated successful aging (SRSA) with HIV. Our sample (n = 356) included older women living with HIV (OWLH): average age 56.5 years, 73% Black.

Effectiveness of the CenteringPregnancy program on maternal and birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The World Health Organization has emphasized the critical role of prenatal care in achieving the Millennium Development Goals to reduce child and maternal mortality. The CenteringPregnancy program is a widely recognized model of prenatal care. Several countries have attempted to implement the program in prenatal care practice; however, its effectiveness on maternal and birth outcomes has not been systematically evaluated and analyzed.

Vaginal Microbiome Composition in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Spontaneous Preterm and Early Term Birth Among African American Women.

Objective: To evaluate the association between the early pregnancy vaginal microbiome and spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and early term birth (sETB) among African American women.

Methods: Vaginal samples collected in early pregnancy (8-14 weeks' gestation) from 436 women enrolled in the Emory University African American Vaginal, Oral, and Gut Microbiome in Pregnancy Study underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region, taxonomic classification, and community state type (CST) assignment. We compared vaginal CST and abundance of taxa for women whose pregnancy ended in sPTB (N = 44) or sETB (N= 84) to those who delivered full term (N = 231).

Predictors of progression through the cascade of care to a cure for hepatitis C patients using decision trees and random forests.

Background: This study uses machine learning techniques to identify sociodemographic and clinical predictors of progression through the hepatitis C (HCV) cascade of care for patients in the 1945-1965 birth cohort in the Southern United States.

Methods: We compared sociodemographic and clinical variables between groups of patients for three care outcomes: linkage to care, initiation of antiviral treatment, and virologic cure. A decision tree model and random forest model were built for each outcome.

Designing a Graphic Novel: Engaging Community, Arts, and Culture Into Public Health Initiatives.

The opioid epidemic was declared a national public health emergency in 2017. In Georgia, standing orders for the opioid antagonist, naloxone, have been implemented to reduce mortality from opioid overdoses. Service industry workers in the Atlanta, Georgia, inner-city community of Little Five Points (L5P) have access to naloxone, potentially expanding overdose rescue efforts in the community setting.

Three learning modalities' impact on clinical judgment and perceptions in newly graduated registered nurses: A quasi-experimental study.

Newly graduated registered nurses face numerous challenges stemming from high patient workload, complicated interpersonal relationships, and a lack of nursing competence, which can lead to transitional shocks. Clinical judgment and confidence are well-known keys to successful role transitions for these nurses. Simulation training is proposed as a new modality for enhancing comprehensive clinical competence of nurses, but current evidence on the impact of different simulations on nurses' clinical judgment and confidence are still limited or inconsistent.

Barriers to PTSD treatment-seeking by women veterans who experienced military sexual trauma decades ago: The role of institutional betrayal.

Background: While some barriers to PTSD treatment engagement among veterans are well-identified, e.g., stigma, little is known about the barriers to VA PTSD treatment-seeking among women veterans who experienced military sexual trauma (MST) decades ago.

Improving Incident Reporting in a Hospital-Based Radiation Oncology Department: The Impact of a Customized Crew Resource Training and Event Reporting Intervention.

Background Radiation oncology (RO) is a high-risk environment with an increased potential for error due to the complex automated and manual interactions between heterogeneous teams and advanced technologies. Errors involving procedural deviations-- can adversely impact patient morbidity and mortality. Under-reporting of errors is common in healthcare for reasons such as fear of retribution, liability, embarrassment, etc.

Emerging roles for research intensive PhD prepared nurses: Beyond faculty positions.

Research-intensive PhD programs need to prepare nurse scientists to bridge the chasms between research, and practice and policy in an increasingly complex healthcare system. In practice, nurse scientists are critical to building capacity for research, promoting excellence in patient-centered care, and achieving or exceeding national quality benchmarks. Moreover, they provide methodological expertise and insight to address pressing clinical questions.

Opportunities and challenges presented by recent pedagogical innovations in doctoral nursing education.

The demand to expand the nurse scientist pipeline over the past decade has generated numerous pedagogical innovations in nursing doctoral education. A PhD nursing education summit was held at the University of Pennsylvania in October 2019 to discuss pedagogical innovations. The main pedagogical innovations discussed by Summit attendees included: 1) the expansion of both 3-year PhD programs and BSN to PhD programs; 2) changes in learning opportunities and curricula content; and 3) the role of postdoctoral fellowships.