Prevalence of functional constipation among Palestinian preschool children and the relation to stressful life events.

Aim: Increasing evidence exists with respect to the relation between stressful life events and functional constipation (FC). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of FC in Palestinian refugee preschool children and to determine if stress and trauma exposure are risk factors of FC in these children.

Methods: From November 2013 until May 2014, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in West Bank, Gaza and Jordan.

Clinical and Cost Effectiveness of Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Children With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders.

Background & Aims: Scalable and effective treatments are needed for children with functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs). We performed a randomized controlled trial of the efficacy and cost effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy delivered online (Internet-CBT) compared with usual therapy.

Methods: We studied children (age, 8-12 y) diagnosed with FAPDs, based on the Rome IV criteria, in Sweden from September 2016 through April 2017.

Sports participation and physical activity in patients with von Willebrand disease.

Introduction: Patients with bleeding disorders may experience limitations in sports participation and physical activity. Several studies on sports participation have been performed in haemophilia patients, but studies in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) are lacking.

Aim: We assessed the sports participation and physical activity of a large cohort of VWD patients.

Re‑irradiation plus hyperthermia for recurrent pediatric sarcoma; a simulation study to investigate feasibility.

Recurrent pediatric tumors pose a challenge since treatment options may be limited, particularly after previous irradiation. Positive results have been reported for chemotherapy and hyperthermia, but the combination of re‑irradiation and hyperthermia has not been investigated thus far, although it is a proven treatment strategy in adults. The theoretical feasibility of re‑irradiation plus hyperthermia was investigated for infield recurrent pediatric sarcoma in the pelvic region and the extremities.

Integrated analysis of long-term growth and bone development in pediatric and adolescent patients receiving bevacizumab.

Background: We conducted an integrated analysis of clinical data to describe long-term effects of bevacizumab on growth and bone development in pediatric and adolescent patients with solid tumors.

Procedure: Clinical data were pooled from five phase I/II trials of bevacizumab versus chemotherapy: BERNIE, HERBY, and AVF4117s enrolled newly diagnosed patients, AVF3842s and AVF2771s enrolled patients with relapsed/refractory disease. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and bone-age data were pooled by treatment group.

The PanCareSurFup consortium: research and guidelines to improve lives for survivors of childhood cancer.

Background: Second malignant neoplasms and cardiotoxicity are among the most serious and frequent adverse health outcomes experienced by childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CCSs) and contribute significantly to their increased risk of premature mortality. Owing to differences in health-care systems, language and culture across the continent, Europe has had limited success in establishing multi-country collaborations needed to assemble the numbers of survivors required to clarify the health issues arising after successful cancer treatment. PanCareSurFup (PCSF) is the first pan-European project to evaluate some of the serious long-term health risks faced by survivors.

Adaptive behavior impaired in children with low-grade glioma.

Background: Adaptive behavior, i.e., the performance on daily activities required for personal and social independence, is essential to estimate in children with low-grade glioma (LGG) since most of them are long-term survivors.

Effects of a high-protein intake on metabolic targets for weight loss in children with obesity: a randomized trial.

Objective: The objective of this research is to study effects of a 4-week high-protein (HP) diet on energy intake, resting energy expenditure (REE), protein turnover and body composition in children with obesity.

Methods: In this randomized placebo-controlled single-blind crossover study, children with obesity ( = 14; mean age: 10.1 years ± 1.

Motility of the left colon in children and adolescents with functional constpation; a retrospective comparison between solid-state and water-perfused colonic manometry.

Background: Using water-perfused (WP) high-resolution manometry, we recently demonstrated that children with functional constipation (FC) lacked the postprandial increase in distal colonic cyclic motor patterns that was observed in healthy adults. Our aim was to determine if similar results could be detected using a solid-state (SS) manometry catheter.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 19 children with FC (median age 11.

Correction to: Relevance of neuroimaging for neurocognitive and behavioral outcome after pediatric traumatic brain injury.

JC Goslings is the correct name of the sixth author of this article.

Risk Factors for Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Prospective Multicenter Case-Control Study.

Background: The identification of independent clinical risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) may contribute to early selection of infants at risk, allowing for the development of targeted strategies aimed at the prevention of NEC.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify independent risk factors contributing to the development of NEC in a large multicenter cohort.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed in 9 neonatal intensive care units.

Screening for child abuse using a checklist and physical examinations in the emergency department led to the detection of more cases.

Aim: We studied the accuracy of a screening checklist (SPUTOVAMO), complete physical examination (top-to-toe inspection, TTI) and their combination in detecting child abuse in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Consecutive patients admitted to the ED of the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam between January 2011 and 1 July 2013 were included. An Expert Panel assigned a consensus diagnosis to positive cases.

Colorectal Adenomas and Cancers After Childhood Cancer Treatment: A DCOG-LATER Record Linkage Study.

Background: Although colorectal adenomas serve as prime target for colorectal cancer (CRC) surveillance in other high-risk groups, data on adenoma risk after childhood cancer are lacking. We evaluated the risk of histologically confirmed colorectal adenomas among childhood cancer survivors. A secondary aim was to assess CRC risk.

Long-term effects of childhood cancer treatment on hormonal and ultrasound markers of ovarian reserve.

Study Question: Which treatment-related factors are (dose-dependently) associated with abnormal hormonal and ultrasound markers of ovarian reserve in female childhood cancer survivors (CCSs)?

Summary Answer: Cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, a composite group of 'other alkylating agents', dactinomycin, doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, spinal radiotherapy (RT), abdominal/pelvic RT and total body irradiation were multivariably associated with abnormal ovarian reserve markers, with dose-effect relationships being established for procarbazine and abdominal/pelvic RT.

What Is Known Already: Female childhood cancer survivors are at an increased risk of reduced ovarian function and reserve, but knowledge regarding the long-term effects of individual chemotherapeutic (CT) agents and radiotherapy fields and their respective doses is limited.

Study Design, Size, Duration: The DCOG LATER-VEVO is a nationwide retrospective cohort study in which measurements were performed between 2008 and 2014.

Different infusion durations for preventing platinum-induced hearing loss in children with cancer.

Background: Platinum-based therapy, including cisplatin, carboplatin or oxaliplatin, or a combination of these, is used to treat a variety of paediatric malignancies. Unfortunately, one of the most important adverse effects is the occurrence of hearing loss or ototoxicity. In an effort to prevent this ototoxicity, different platinum infusion durations have been studied.

Addition of dose-intensified doxorubicin to standard chemotherapy for rhabdomyosarcoma (EpSSG RMS 2005): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive tumour that can develop in almost any part of the body. Doxorubicin is an effective drug against rhabdomyosarcoma, but its role in combination with an established multidrug regimen remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the possible benefit of early dose intensification with doxorubicin in patients with non-metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma.

Late-onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants Can Be Detected Preclinically by Fecal Volatile Organic Compound Analysis: A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: The intestinal microbiota has increasingly been considered to play a role in the etiology of late-onset sepsis (LOS). We hypothesize that early alterations in fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs), reflecting intestinal microbiota composition and function, allow for discrimination between infants developing LOS and controls in a preclinical stage.

Methods: In 9 neonatal intensive care units in the Netherlands and Belgium, fecal samples of preterm infants born at a gestational age ≤30 weeks were collected daily, up to the postnatal age of 28 days.

Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Imprecisely Assesses Lean Body Mass in Pediatric Dialysis Patients.

Objectives: Alterations in body compositions are strongly associated with poor outcomes in end-stage renal disease patients. Hence, assessment of lean body mass is crucial for clinically monitoring these patients. The use of multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements has also been advocated, but their usefulness in children is questioned.

Cardiovascular Disease in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: Insights Into Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Prevention.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which includes cardiomyopathy/heart failure, coronary artery disease, stroke, pericardial disease, arrhythmias, and valvular and vascular dysfunction, is a major concern for long-term survivors of childhood cancer. There is clear evidence of increased risk of CVD largely attributable to treatment exposures at a young age, most notably anthracycline chemotherapy and chest-directed radiation therapy, and compounded by traditional cardiovascular risk factors accrued during decades after treatment exposure. Preclinical studies are limited; thus, it is a high priority to understand the pathophysiology of CVD as a result of anticancer treatments, taking into consideration the growing and developing heart.

Optimized Sampling Conditions for Fecal Volatile Organic Compound Analysis by Means of Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

Fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are increasingly considered to be potential noninvasive, diagnostic biomarkers for various gastrointestinal diseases. Knowledge of the influence of sampling conditions on VOC outcomes is limited. We aimed to evaluate the effects of sampling conditions on fecal VOC profiles and to assess under which conditions an optimal diagnostic accuracy in the discrimination between pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and controls could be obtained.

Fusion status in patients with lymph node-positive (N1) alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is a powerful predictor of prognosis: Experience of the European Paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG).

Background: Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) with lymph node involvement (N1 classification) accounts for up to 10% of all cases of RMS. The prognosis is poor, and is comparable to that of distant metastatic disease. In the European Paediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG) RMS2005 protocol, patients with a histologic diagnosis of aRMS/N1 received intensified chemotherapy with systematic locoregional treatment.