Grading of glioma tumors using digital holographic microscopy.

Gliomas are the most common type of cerebral tumors; they occur with increasing incidence in the last decade and have a high rate of mortality. For efficient treatment, fast accurate diagnostic and grading of tumors are imperative. Presently, the grading of tumors is established by histopathological evaluation, which is a time-consuming procedure and relies on the pathologists' experience.

The Impact of Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer.

Despite incessant research, colorectal cancer (CRC) is still one of the most common causes of fatality in both men and women worldwide. Over time, advancements in medical treatments have notably enhanced the survival rates of patients with colorectal cancer. Managing metastatic CRC involves a complex tradeoff between the potential benefits and adverse effects of treatment, considering factors like disease progression, treatment toxicity, drug resistance, and the overall impact on the patient's quality of life.

Blood Cell Ratios Unveiled: Predictive Markers of Myocardial Infarction Prognosis.

Background: Even if the management and treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) have significantly evolved, it is still a burgeoning disease, an active volcano with very high rates of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, novel management and therapeutic strategies for this condition are urgently needed. Lately, theories related to the role of various blood cells in NSTEMI have emerged, with most of this research having so far been focused on correlating the ratios between various leukocyte types (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio-NLR, neutrophil/monocyte ratio-NMR).

Systematic Review on the Effectiveness and Outcomes of Nivolumab Treatment Schemes in Advanced and Metastatic Cervical Cancer.

Advanced and metastatic cervical cancer remains a formidable challenge in oncology, with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab emerging as a potential therapeutic option. This systematic review rigorously assesses the effectiveness and outcomes of various nivolumab treatment regimens within this patient cohort, drawing from clinical trials and real-world evidence up to December 2023. Following a comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, four studies were deemed eligible, involving a collective total of 80 patients.

Non-vascularized Fibular Autograft and Locking Plate: A Solution to the Resistant Nonunion of a Tibial Metaphyseal Fracture.

The union of tibial fractures often raises concerns. In one such case, a 62-year-old female patient presented in our Emergency Room (ER) with a comminuted tibial metaphyseal fracture resulting from a traffic accident. The patient underwent three surgical procedures in the following two years.

Laparoscopic approach of inguinal hernia associated with adult cryptorchidism: case series and literature review.

Cryptorchidism is defined as the extra-scrotal position of the testes. It is a common disorder in male children, but rarely in adult patients. The association of cryptorchidism with hernia is a common finding in childhood, but is not frequent in adults or the elderly.

Leptomeningeal Dissemination Complicated With Acute Tetraplegia From a Supratentorial Multicentric Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)-Wildtype Glioblastoma: A Case Report.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a major concern for neurosurgeons and oncologists, being a malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and reduced survival. Leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) of GBM is rare and difficult to diagnose due to the low rate of cellular detection in the cerebrospinal fluid and clinical and imaging similarities with fungal and tuberculous meningitis. We report the case of a 25-year-old female patient suffering from multicentric GBM who developed hydrocephalus and extensive LMD three months after surgery for a left frontal parafalcine cerebral GBM isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype.

Parenteral Anticoagulation at First Medical Contact Improves Infarct Related Artery Patency in STEMI.

(1) : Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains one of the main morbidity and mortality contributors worldwide. Its main treatment, primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), can only be performed with a high anticoagulation regimen, usually with heparin. There is still not enough evidence regarding the timing of heparin administration.

The Hemodynamic Profile and Intraoperative Bleeding Impact on Liver Transplant Patients.

Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage liver disease and despite accumulated experience over the years, improved surgical techniques, better immunosuppression and adequate intensive care management, it still represents the greatest challenge for anesthesiologists. The aim of the study was the characterization of the hemodynamic profile of patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing liver transplantation with the help of the PiCCO system during the three surgical stages, the impact of bleeding on hemodynamic status and correlation between the amount of bleeding, lactate levels, severity scores and survival rate and complications. Another focus of this study was the amount of transfused blood products and their impact on postoperative complications.

Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Context of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Influence on Ejection Fraction Deterioration and the Onset of Acute Heart Failure.

Background: Peripheral artery disease is a condition that causes narrowing of the arteries, impairing circulation to the extremities. Globally, it affects millions of people and is more prevalent in older adults and those with diabetes, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol. There is an overlap specific to polyvascular patients, and almost 50% of patients with PAD have coronary artery disease.

Deciphering Glioblastoma: Fundamental and Novel Insights into the Biology and Therapeutic Strategies of Gliomas.

Gliomas constitute a diverse and complex array of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a wide range of prognostic outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. This literature review endeavors to conduct a thorough investigation of gliomas, with a particular emphasis on glioblastoma (GBM), beginning with their classification and epidemiological characteristics, evaluating their relative importance within the CNS tumor spectrum. We examine the immunological context of gliomas, unveiling the intricate immune environment and its ramifications for disease progression and therapeutic strategies.

Surgical Outcome in Bilateral Inguinal Hernia Repair: Laparoscopic Total Extraperitoneal Approach (TEP) as Best Approach?

Bilateral inguinal hernia is a distinct entity in the inguinal hernia category. Open and minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of bilateral inguinal hernia have been previously described. If resources and surgeon expertise are available, guidelines recommend laparoscopic repair for this entity.

An Actual Perspective on I1-Imidazoline Agonists in Blood Pressure Control. Results of a Multicentric Observational Prospective Study.

Despite the disadvantaged position of central adrenergic drugs (CAD) in the current therapeutic regimens of hypertensive patients, we hypothesized that the addition of the most recent representatives of this class - I1-imidazoline agonists (CAD-I1A) - to the usually recommended drugs might contribute to better blood pressure (BP) control. This multicentric observational prospective study included patients with BP . 140/90 mm Hg who were using at least two antihypertensive drugs and were reassessed at three months apart in 44 urban medical centers.

Intestinal Stomas in Abdominal Surgery: Etiological Circumstances, Indications, High Gravity Factors and Complications.

This is a retrospective study of 264 intestinal stomas performed in the surgical unit of the Emergency Clinical Hospital "Bagdasar Arseni", Bucharest, within a 7-year period (2015-2021) aiming to evaluate their evolutive complications, risk factors, management and prevention strategies. Material and method. Colostomies: 218 (82.

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation With Proximal Humerus Locking Plate, Screws, and Fibular Strut Graft: An Alternative to Shoulder Arthroplasty and Solution to Medial Instability and Varus Collapse in Comminuted Proximal Humerus Fractures.

Fractures of the proximal humerus are a frequent ailment in the senior population. One concern with such a case that presented in our emergency room was the risk of varus collapse following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in a patient with marked calcar comminution. The surgical method used in this case of a NEER four-part fracture with medial column instability proved effective in terms of good surgery outcome, patient satisfaction, good range of motion, and low or no pain at post-surgical follow-ups.

Can Artificial Intelligence Revolutionize the Diagnosis and Management of the Atrial Septal Defect in Children?

Atrial septal defects (ASDs) present a significant healthcare challenge, demanding accurate and timely diagnosis and precise management to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare are rapidly evolving, offering promise for enhanced medical decision-making and patient care. In the context of cardiology, the integration of AI promises to provide more efficient and accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies for ASD patients.

Topical Cellular/Tissue and Molecular Aspects Regarding Nonpharmacological Interventions in Alzheimer's Disease-A Systematic Review.

One of the most complex and challenging developments at the beginning of the third millennium is the alarming increase in demographic aging, mainly-but not exclusively-affecting developed countries. This reality results in one of the harsh medical, social, and economic consequences: the continuously increasing number of people with dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), which accounts for up to 80% of all such types of pathology. Its large and progressive disabling potential, which eventually leads to death, therefore represents an important public health matter, especially because there is no known cure for this disease.

The Value of ER∝ in the Prognosis of GH- and PRL-Secreting PitNETs: Clinicopathological Correlations.

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are divided into multiple histological subtypes, which determine their clinical and biological variable behavior. Despite their benign evolution, in some cases, prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH)-secreting PitNETs may have aggressive behavior. In this study, we investigated the potential predictive role of ER∝, alongside the clinicopathological classification of PitNETs (tumor diameter, tumor type, and tumor grade).

From Recognition to Remedy: The Significance of Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Disease Pathology.

With the inexorable aging of the global populace, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pose escalating challenges, which are underscored by their socioeconomic repercussions. A pivotal aspect in addressing these challenges lies in the elucidation and application of biomarkers for timely diagnosis, vigilant monitoring, and effective treatment modalities. This review delineates the quintessence of biomarkers in the realm of NDs, elucidating various classifications and their indispensable roles.

Pain in Colorectal Surgery: How Does It Occur and What Tools Do We Have for Treatment?

Pain is a complex entity with deleterious effects on the entire organism. Poorly controlled postoperative pain impacts the patient outcome, being associated with increased morbidity, inadequate quality of life and functional recovery. In the current surgical environment with less invasive surgical procedures increasingly being used and a trend towards rapid discharge home after surgery, we need to continuously re-evaluate analgesic strategies.

TAVI in a Heart Transplant Recipient-Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The global demand for cardiac transplants continues to rise, even with advancements in assistive devices. Currently, the estimated annual mortality rate stands at 3-5%, and patients often face a waiting time of approximately four years on transplant waiting lists. Consequently, many transplant centers have started to consider heart transplants from donors who may be deemed "less than ideal" or marginal.

Proteometabolomics of initial and recurrent glioblastoma highlights an increased immune cell signature with altered lipid metabolism.

Background: There is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms associated with the development, progression, and onset of recurrence after initial surgery in glioblastoma (GBM). The use of integrative phenotype-focused -omics technologies such as proteomics and lipidomics provides an unbiased approach to explore the molecular evolution of the tumor and its associated environment.

Methods: We assembled a cohort of patient-matched initial (iGBM) and recurrent (rGBM) specimens of resected GBM.

Influence of tumor topography on clinical-morphological profile of laryngeal malignancies.

Aim: Laryngeal cancers are redoubtable because they are still diagnosed in advanced stages which results in poor survival and the decline of life quality. The authors intend to identify if the tumor topography influences clinical behavior, the morphological profile and therapeutic strategy.

Patients, Materials And Methods: The study group included 188 patients with laryngeal malignancies diagnosed and treated in an Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department.