Healthcare workers' views on mandatory SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the UK: A cross-sectional, mixed-methods analysis from the UK-REACH study.

Background: Several countries now have mandatory SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for healthcare workers (HCWs) or the general population. HCWs' views on this are largely unknown. Using data from the nationwide UK-REACH study we aimed to understand UK HCW's views on improving SARS-CoV-2 vaccination coverage, including mandatory vaccination.

Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19: a phenotype of severe COVID-19 pneumonitis? The results of the UK POETIC survey.

Background: There is an emerging understanding that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased incidence of pneumomediastinum (PTM). We aimed to determine its incidence among patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the UK and describe factors associated with outcome.

Methods: A structured survey of PTM and its incidence was conducted from September 2020 to February 2021.

'Cortical Hand' in the Emergency Department: Two Case Reports.

Background: Cortical hand strokes affect the 'hand knob' of the motor cortex, resulting in isolated distal upper limb or hand weakness. They are rare and can be easily misdiagnosed for peripheral lesions.

Case Reports: Case 1: A 59-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department (ED) after noticing left hand weakness while driving.

CLINICAL СASE: 41-YEAR MAN WITH NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS AND BACK PAIN AFTER PHYSICAL EXERCISES AND UNUSUAL IMAGING APPEARANCES.

The aim was to describe the uncommon cause of back pain with successful treatment, precise diagnostic and good outcome. Lower back pain is prevalent among all the age groups and can derive from many potential anatomic sources. Here is presented the case of atypical course of back pain and neurological signs with point on importance of astute visualizations technics.

To collar or not to collar. Views of pre-hospital emergency care providers on immobilisation without cervical collars: a focus group study.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a rare event, with high numbers of patients unnecessarily immobilised with no potential benefit based on limited evidence from the 1950s and 1960s. Contemporary opinion now challenges the notion that traditional immobilisation prevents movement and protects the spine. Current literature suggests that these methods which include semi-rigid collars can potentially cause more movement of the spine and harm the patient.

Ethnic differences in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy in United Kingdom healthcare workers: Results from the UK-REACH prospective nationwide cohort study.

Background: In most countries, healthcare workers (HCWs) represent a priority group for vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) due to their elevated risk of COVID-19 and potential contribution to nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Concerns have been raised that HCWs from ethnic minority groups are more likely to be vaccine hesitant (defined by the World Health Organisation as refusing or delaying a vaccination) than those of White ethnicity, but there are limited data on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy and its predictors in UK HCWs.

Methods: Nationwide prospective cohort study and qualitative study in a multi-ethnic cohort of clinical and non-clinical UK HCWs.

Sports safety matting diminishes cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality and increases rescuer perceived exertion.

Objectives: Compliant surfaces beneath a casualty diminish the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in clinical environments. To examine this issue in a sporting environment, we assessed chest compression quality and rescuer exertion upon compliant sports safety matting.

Methods: Twenty-seven advanced life support providers volunteered (13 male/14 female; mass = 79.

Defining a Safe Corridor of Cervical Branch Preservation in Lateral Platysmaplasty Surgery During Facial Rejuvenation Surgery.

Background: During rhytidectomies, the cervical branch of the facial nerve (CBFN) can easily be encountered, and potentially injured, when releasing the cervical retaining ligaments in the lateral neck. This nerve has been shown to occasionally co-innervate the depressor anguli oris muscle, and damage to it can thus potentially compromise outcomes with a postoperative palsy.

Objectives: The authors sought to examine the lateral cervical anatomy specific to the CBFN to ascertain if the position of the nerve can be predicted, thereby enhancing safety of the platysmal flap separation and dissection from this lateral zone of adhesion.

Digital ophthalmoscopy: through a non-specialist lens.

The ophthalmoscope has been a mainstay for non-specialist physicians to review a range of disorders affecting patient fundi. Its design has remained unchanged since its inception and while relatively easy to operate, gaining mastery of it can prove challenging. Training is limited by its single-user interface with the lack of attachments to augment its design and therefore facilitate skill acquisition.

Collaborative Overview of coronaVIrus impact on ORTHopaedic training in the UK (COVI - ORTH UK).

Introduction: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on the 11th of March 2020 with the NHS deferring all non-urgent activity from the 15th of April 2020. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on Trauma and Orthopaedic trainees nationally.

Methods: Trauma and Orthopaedic (T&O) specialty trainees nationally were asked to complete an electronic survey specifically on the impact of COVID-19 on their training.

Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson's disease) presenting with recurrent hypovolemic shock.

A 49-year old male with a past medical history of myocardial infarction and compartment syndromes requiring fasciotomies presented on five occasions with hypovolemic shock. We describe his admissions and presumptive diagnoses which required large volumes of intravenous fluids, admission to intensive care for vasopressors and renal replacement therapy. The presentations were always precipitated by a prodrome of fatigue and pre-syncopal episodes.

Assessment of the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation as a technique for destroying small renal tumors in patients older than 70.

Introduction: During the past few decades, the percentage of older people in the population has been steadily growing due to the tendency of extended life expectancy. The efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and tumor enucleoresection (TE) in the treatment of selected older patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) T1aN0M0 sized ≤4.0 cm has been a popular topic in many recent studies.

Long-term outcomes from critical care.

With the improved survival of critical care patients, a cohort of chronically critically ill patients has emerged. These patients have a higher 5-year morbidity and mortality and greater utilization of healthcare resources. This well-documented deterioration in physical, cognitive and/or psychological health in critical care survivors is known as post intensive care syndrome (PICS) which has personal and socioeconomic implications not only for the patient, but also for their families, care givers and society.

Patient Outcomes Following Emergency Bowel Resection for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Impact of Surgical Subspecialisation in the North of England: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed considerably over recent years, which has coincided with increased subspecialisation amongst general surgeons. This study evaluated the demographics and outcomes of patients with IBD undergoing bowel resection and assessed for the potential impact of surgical subspecialisation.

Methods: Patient demographic, operative and outcome data were collected for patients undergoing a bowel resection secondary to IBD, admitted acutely to NHS trusts in the North of England between 2002 and 2016.

Using medical reality television as a technology-enhanced learning strategy to provide authentic patient care experiences during clinical placements: a case study research investigation.

Background: Over the last decade, the use of technology-enhanced learning (TEL) has rapidly expanded and diversified. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing demand for distance and online learning strategies to support and even replace learning experiences previously afforded by clinical placements and clerkships. An intriguing but under-researched modality is the use of medical reality television to provide authentic experiences of patient care.

Please do not put a chest drain in my chest! Vanishing lung syndrome.

Introduction: Vanishing lung syndrome, also known as giant bullous emphysema is a condition usually reported in young male thin smokers. There are numerous case reports that have added to the body of evidence. There are also case reports of the giant bulla being misinterpreted for a pneumothorax.

BET 1: Can acute shoulder dislocations be reduced using intra-articular local anaesthetic infiltration as an alternative to intravenous analgesia with or without sedation?

A short cut review was carried out to establish whether intra-articular injection of local anaesthetic is an effective alternative to intravenous analgesia with or without sedation to facilitate reduction of acute shoulder dislocations. Eleven studies were considered relevant to the question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these studies are tabulated.

Outcome of Hospitalization for COVID-19 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease. An International Multicenter Study.

The impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) has not been established. To assess outcomes in patients with ILD hospitalized for COVID-19 versus those without ILD in a contemporaneous age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched population. An international multicenter audit of patients with a prior diagnosis of ILD admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 between March 1 and May 1, 2020, was undertaken and compared with patients without ILD, obtained from the ISARIC4C (International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium) cohort, admitted with COVID-19 over the same period.

Kicking the habit - how can we improve the routine care for patients who are well controlled living with HIV?

The objective is to improve and standardise HIV care for people with well-controlled HIV across the region by comparing monitoring within services to UK audit standards. This was a retrospective case note review from 01.01.

Paediatric periorbital cellulitis: A 10-year retrospective case series review.

Aim: To identify the predictors of poor outcome and need for surgical management in paediatric patients with periorbital cellulitis. To assess the adherence to local guidelines in the management of periorbital cellulitis.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive analysis of clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of 175 paediatric periorbital cellulitis presentations at a UK teaching hospital over a 10-year period.

Cardiac Arrest in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: Initial Experience With the Role of Simulation Setup and Training.

With rising complexity of percutaneous coronary interventions being performed, the incidence of cardiac arrest in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) is likely to increase. The authors undertook a series of multidisciplinary simulation sessions to identify practice deficiencies and propose solutions to improve patient care. Five simulation sessions were held at Western Health CCL to simulate different cardiac arrest scenarios.

Cardiorespiratory demands of competitive rock climbing.

Rock climbing has become a mainstream sport, contested on the Olympic stage. The work/rest pattern of bouldering is unique among disciplines, and little is known about its physiological demands. This study characterised the cardiorespiratory responses to simulated competition.