Technical-tactical evolution of women's football: a comparative analysis of ball possessions in the FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 and Australia & New Zealand 2023.

The aim of this study was to analyse and compare, both individually and multivariately, the technical-tactical similarities and differences associated with the offensive phase between the FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 and the FIFA Women's World Cup Australia & New Zealand 2023. Following an observational follow-up design, 4,669 ball possessions were analysed in both tournaments (FWWC19: n = 2,323; FWWC23: n = 2,346). Differences between the two editions were examined using the chi-square statistic (p < .

Vitamin D status and its determinants in German elite athletes.

Purpose: This study investigated elite German athletes to (1) assess their serum 25(OH)D levels and the prevalence of insufficiency, (2) identify key factors influencing serum 25(OH)D levels, and (3) analyze the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and handgrip strength.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 474 athletes (231 female), aged 13-39 years (mean 19.3 years), from ten Olympic disciplines were included.

Educational Intervention on Awareness of Health-Damaging Behaviors in Educators.

Doping prevention transcends elite sports, highlighting a broader societal challenge where performance enhancement is driven by pressures to increase strength, beauty, and status. This issue extends to adolescents and non-competitive sports participants, where self-optimization pressures are increasingly normalized. Research underscores the need for tailored educational interventions that go beyond punitive measures, fostering ethical decision-making and personal responsibility.

Family relations of Moche elite burials on the North Coast of Peru (~500 CE): Analyses of the Señora de Cao and relatives.

The Moche archaeological culture flourished along Peru's North Coast between the 4th and 10th centuries CE and was characterized by a complex social hierarchy dominated by political and religious elites. Previous archaeological evidence suggests kinship was a key factor in maintaining political authority within Moche society. To test this hypothesis, we applied archaeological, genetic, and isotopic methods to examine familial relationships between six individuals, including the prominent Señora de Cao (), buried together in a pyramid-like, painted temple, Huaca Cao Viejo, in the Chicama Valley, Peru.

Impact of Congested Match Schedules on Countermovement Jump Metrics in Elite Volleyball Players.

Rebelo, A, Loturco, I, Pereira, JR, Martinho, DV, Valente-dos-Santos, J, and Broek, GV. Impact of congested match schedules on countermovement jump metrics in elite volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a congested match schedule on various countermovement jump (CMJ) metrics recorded across the braking, transfer, propulsive, and flight phases of the CMJ.

Exposing a Motherhood Penalty in Sport: A Feminist Narrative Inquiry of Media Stories of Canadian Athlete Mothers' Journeys to the 2020 Tokyo Games.

Coinciding with athlete mothers' stories gaining media visibility, sport media researchers are studying media discourses to learn more about socially constructed motherhood and sport. The present study extends media research on elite athlete mothers, by using feminist narrative inquiry to interrogate discrimination meanings in sport. North American sport media stories were collected on Canadian athletes' (i.

Accurate Diagnosis of Lower Respiratory Infections Using Host Response and Respiratory Microbiome from a Single Metatranscriptome Test of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid.

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) diagnosis is challenging because noninfectious diseases mimic its clinical features. The altered host response and respiratory microbiome following LRTIs have the potential to differentiate LRTIs from noninfectious respiratory diseases (non-LRTIs). Patients suspected of having LRTIs are retrospectively enrolled and a clinical metatranscriptome test is performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).

Digital Health/e-Health Literacy among University Students in the COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review.

Objective: During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic, could be observed an established use of online information in the field of coronavirus disease worldwide. As a systematic review study, the present investigation aimed to evaluate related studies about digital health/e-health literacy among university students in the coronavirus disease 2019 era.

Methods: Three electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched from 2020 until June 2022, and articles were screened according to pre-established inclusion criteria.

Prediction of talent selection in elite male youth soccer across 7 seasons: A machine-learning approach.

This study aimed to investigate the relative importance of parameters from several domains associated to both selecting or de-selecting players with regards to the next age group within a professional German youth soccer academy across a 7-year period. Following a mixed-longitudinal approach, physical, physiological, psychological, skill-, health-, age-, and position-related parameters were collected from 409 male players (980 datapoints) from the U12 to U19 age groups. Supervised machine learning classifiers were used to predict the selection status regarding the next age group.

Genetic Determinants of Endurance: A Narrative Review on Elite Athlete Status and Performance.

This narrative review explores the relationship between genetics and elite endurance athletes, summarizes the current literature, highlights some novel findings, and provides a physiological basis for understanding the mechanistic effects of genetics in sport. Key genetic markers include R577X (muscle fiber composition), I/D (cardiovascular efficiency), and polymorphisms in , , and , influencing energy metabolism, angiogenesis, and cardiovascular function. This review underscores the benefits of a multi-omics approach to better understand the complex interactions between genetic polymorphisms and physiological traits.

The Selection of Sports Schools: The Influence of the Environment on the Development of Youth Athletes' Career Adaptability.

There are many routes to achieving an elite status in sports, which can be described as a journey that involves many developmental environments. In terms of navigating transitions and across environments, the adolescent years are particularly crucial, and psychosocial skills may assist youth athletes to maintain balance and wellbeing in combining sports and education. The aim of this study was to investigate the environmental differences in career adaptability profiles as students adapt to their sports high schools.

Association Between Female Androgen Levels, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Disease: An NHANES Analysis (2013-2016).

Background: The impact of androgens on metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and long-term mortality in the general female population remains poorly understood. This study, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, seeks to elucidate the relationship between androgen levels and metabolic syndrome (MS), CVD, and mortality in adult women.

Methods: After excluding ineligible individuals, descriptive analyses were conducted on demographic characteristics, metabolic-related indicators, and disease prevalence, based on the presence of high androgenemia and androgen quartile grouping.

Effect of elite sport activity on salivary microbiota: The case of water polo.

It has been well established that the human gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in humans' health, since it is involved in nutrients' uptake, vitamins' synthesis, energy harvest, inflammatory modulation, and host immune responses. Moreover, gut microbiota alterations have been associated to an increasing number of diseases and its composition can be affected by several factors, including physical exercise. In particular, it has been reported that intense physical activity can induce metabolic changes which translate in alterations of specific biomarkers that can lead to the onset of infections, inflammation and hepatic or kidney disorders.

Health and Lifestyle Factors and Dementia Risk Among Former Professional Soccer Players.

Importance: Elite-level contact sport participation is associated with increased dementia risk, which may be attributable to sport-related traumatic brain injury and repetitive head impact exposure. However, the contribution of wider, potentially modifiable dementia risk factors remains uncertain.

Objective: To explore the association of potentially modifiable dementia risk factors with dementia risk among former professional soccer players.

Duration of Ice Hockey Play and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.

Importance: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with repetitive head impacts (RHIs). Prior research suggests a dose-response association between American football play duration and CTE risk and severity, but this association has not been studied for ice hockey.

Objective: To investigate associations of duration of ice hockey play with CTE diagnosis and severity, functional status, and dementia.

The mediating role of life course cognitive reserve-enhancing factors in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and dementia among older adults: evidence from a prospective cohort study in the United States.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and incident dementia, and examine the mediating effect of cognitive reserve-enhancing factors from life course perspective. Further, we verified the heterogeneities of associations of ACEs, enhancing factors, and dementia by dementia genetic risk.

Methods: Data was from the US Health and Retirement Study, involving 51,327 observations (50+) with a 10-year follow-up.

Dietary antioxidant capacity is inversely associated with F2- isoprostane and body fat percentage in elite soccer referees.

Background Dietary antioxidant Capacity (DaC) has been used as a tool for predicting plasma and dietary antioxidant concentrations. However, the DaC association with oxidative stress (OS) and body composition parameters is an unexplored area, mainly in physically active individuals. Given the potential for increased OS in physically active individuals, it becomes crucial to investigate this association.

Urinary incontinence in elite female powerlifters aged 20-30: correlating musculoskeletal exam data with incontinence severity index and survey data.

Context: Urinary incontinence (UI) in the powerlifting community has been a hot topic due to its noticeability during competition and the burden it places on female athletes who experience it. UI is even experienced in those we least expect: young, high-performing, females with no history of pregnancy. Current studies have utilized primarily survey methodology, thus there is a lack of clinical information on this topic.

Allele-tagged TaqMan PCR genotyping assays for high-throughput detection of soybean cyst nematode resistance.

Background: Whole genome resequencing (WGRS) platforms provide exceptional fingerprinting of the entire genome but are expensive and less flexible to use as a routine genotyping tool for targeting causal polymorphisms within a germplasm collection or breeding program. Therefore, there has been a continuous effort to develop small-scale genotyping platforms that facilitate robust and quick assessments of the allelic status of causal variants for important traits within soybean breeding programs. The objective was to develop a comprehensive panel of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) resistance TaqMan assays via selecting the causative genes and analyzing their associated alleles.

Royal power in the market-oriented society: The Swedish King's consecration of business and corporate elites.

In this paper, I examine how the King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf, systematically consecrates the nation's business and corporate elites who have come to dominate Swedish society during the last decades concomitant with a fundamental transformation from traditional social-democracy to neoliberalism, that is, a society characterized by the logic of corporations and markets. By promoting the business and corporate elites, the King contributes to strengthening their status and legitimacy in relation to other groups, while at the same time he reproduces his own elite status and image as a "corporate king." In order to examine this dual elite legitimation, I have studied three major official duties in the King's official role as Sweden's head of state: (a) the awarding of the most prestigious royal medals to corporate leaders; (b) the invitation of these elites to official royal dinners; and (c) state visits, whereby the corporate elites are given a peculiar status in relation to other elite groups.

Testing in Football: A Narrative Review.

Football clubs regularly test and monitor players, with different approaches reflecting player age and competitive level. This narrative review aims to summarise justifications for testing and commonly used testing protocols. We also aim to discuss the validity and reliability of specific tests used to assess football players and provide a holistic overview of protocols currently used in football or those demonstrating potential utility.

Efficacy of Lactobacillus acidophilus and yeast cell wall-derived supplements on immunity responses, growth performance, and disease resistance in Cyprinus carpio juveniles.

This study investigated the effects of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus (PTCC 1643) (LA) and a commercial yeast cell wall prebiotic (Immunogen) (IM) on immunoantioxidant, growth, and digestive status, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio juveniles. The fish were fed in five treatments including control (T1), LA1.5 (T2): 1.

Original salivary sex hormone data of naturally menstruating athletes and hormonal contraceptive users.

Objectives: There is a lack of data on salivary sex hormones across the menstrual cycle (MC) or hormonal contraceptive (HC) cycle of elite athletes. We aimed to provide original data on salivary sex hormones (17β-estradiol, progesterone and free testosterone) in naturally menstruating female athletes with a regular cycle or irregular cycle and using combined HC. A secondary purpose was to compare these data with published data from the general population according to the menstrual status (MC or HC or irregularly menstruating).