Effects of Varying Nano-Montmorillonoid Content on the Epoxy Dielectric Conductivity.

This study investigates the correlation between the interface structure and macroscopic dielectric properties of polymer-based nanocomposite materials. Utilizing bisphenol-A (BPA) epoxy resin (EP) as the polymer matrix and the commonly employed layered phyllosilicate montmorillonoid (MMT) as the nanometer-scale dispersive phase, nano-MMT/EP composites were synthesized using composite technology. The microstructure of the composite samples was characterized through XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM.

A Systematic Review of Modeling and Simulation for Precision Diamond Wire Sawing of Monocrystalline Silicon.

Precision processing of monocrystalline silicon presents significant challenges due to its unique crystal structure and chemical properties. Effective modeling and simulation are essential for advancing the understanding of the manufacturing process, optimizing design, and refining production parameters to enhance product quality and performance. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the modeling and simulation techniques applied in the precision machining of monocrystalline silicon using diamond wire sawing.

A method for assessing guide layout and error on implant accuracy.

Functional and esthetic results require accurate implant placement. We aimed to develop a predictive method for assessing guide layout and error on implant accuracy. A mathematical model for position error analysis was constructed based on triangular mesh data.

TanhReLU -based convolutional neural networks for MDD classification.

Major Depression Disorder (MDD), a complex mental health disorder, poses significant challenges in accurate diagnosis. In addressing the issue of gradient vanishing in the classification of MDD using current data-driven electroencephalogram (EEG) data, this study introduces a TanhReLU-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). By integrating the TanhReLU activation function, which combines the characteristics of the hyperbolic tangent (Tanh) and rectified linear unit (ReLU) activations, the model aims to improve performance in identifying patterns associated with MDD while alleviating the issue of model overfitting and gradient vanishing.

The essence of the effect of strain rate on the mechanical behavior of the Fe14.6Ni (at%) elastocaloric refrigeration alloy: a molecular dynamics study.

In this research, a molecular dynamics (MD) model was adopted to investigate the essence of the effect of strain rate on the mechanical behavior of the Fe14.6Ni (at%) elastocaloric refrigeration alloy. The study showed that the mechanical behavior of the Fe14.

Application and Research Status of Long-Wavelength Fluorescent Carbon Dots.

This article discusses the application and research status of long-wavelength fluorescent carbon dots. Currently, there are two main methods for synthesising carbon dots (CDs), either from top to bottom, according to the bulk material, or from bottom to top, according to the small molecules. In previous research, mainly graphite and carbon fibres were used as raw materials with which to prepare CDs, using methods such as arc discharge, laser corrosion, and electrochemistry.

Evaluation of the Relative Phase Comparison Method at Its Limits Used for Absolute Phase Determination of an AC Cage Current Shunt Group.

AC current shunts are used for precise current measurements. The application of AC current shunts requires that their amplitude phase characteristics are known. A group of three geometrically identical current shunts and a reference shunt are observed in this paper.

Development of New Accelerated Aging Test for Comparison of the Quality of Different Insulating Papers Based on Cellulose.

The aim of this study is to propose a test method for the determination of the quality of transformer paper insulation. For this purpose, the oil/cellulose insulation systems were exposed to various accelerated aging tests. The results of the aging experiments of normal Kraft and thermally upgraded papers, two different types of transformer oil (mineral and natural ester), and copper are shown.

Isotherm, Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies of Elemental Sulfur Removal from Mineral Insulating Oils Using Highly Selective Adsorbent.

Elemental sulfur (S) is a corrosive sulfur compound which was found to be extremely reactive to silver, causing intensive silver sulfide (AgS) deposition on on-load tap changer (OLTC) contacts in power transformers. A highly selective adsorbent (HSA), called Tesla'Ssorb, for the removal of S from mineral insulating oils was prepared from raw material (RM) using the novel procedure. In this study, the adsorption properties of HSA for the removal of S from the oil were determined.

Laser-guided lightning.

Lightning discharges between charged clouds and the Earth's surface are responsible for considerable damages and casualties. It is therefore important to develop better protection methods in addition to the traditional Franklin rod. Here we present the first demonstration that laser-induced filaments-formed in the sky by short and intense laser pulses-can guide lightning discharges over considerable distances.

Determination of the Accuracy of the Straight Bevel Gear Profiles by a Novel Optical Coaxial Multi-Ring Measurement Method.

Straight bevel gears are widely used in mining equipment, ships, heavy industrial equipment, and other fields due to their high capacity and robust transmission. Accurate measurements are essential in order to determine the quality of bevel gears. We propose a method for measuring the accuracy of the top surface profile of the straight bevel gear teeth based on binocular visual technology, computer graphics, error theory, and statistical calculations.

Disorder-induced bulk photovoltaic effect in a centrosymmetric van der Waals material.

Sunlight is widely seen as one of the most abundant forms of renewable energy, with photovoltaic cells based on pn junctions being the most commonly used platform attempting to harness it. Unlike in conventional photovoltaic cells, the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) allows for the generation of photocurrent and photovoltage in a single material without the need to engineer a pn junction and create a built-in electric field, thus offering a solution that can potentially exceed the Shockley-Queisser efficiency limit. However, it requires a material with no inversion symmetry and is therefore absent in centrosymmetric materials.

Detection of Cobalamin and In Vitro Cell Imaging Based on Nitrogen-Doped Yellow Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Nano Architectonics.

As novel fluorescent nanomaterials, carbon dots have attracted increasing research attention because of their simple synthesis, robust fluorescence, low toxicity, and easy functionalisation. Previous research was focused on preparing carbon dots from biomass and chemical materials; however, most of these carbon dots exhibited blue fluorescence. Moreover, the fluorescence quantum yield was generally low, significantly limiting their application in biological imaging.

Progress in Laser Ablation and Biological Synthesis Processes: "Top-Down" and "Bottom-Up" Approaches for the Green Synthesis of Au/Ag Nanoparticles.

Because of their small size and large specific surface area, nanoparticles (NPs) have special properties that are different from bulk materials. In particular, Au/Ag NPs have been intensively studied for a long time, especially for biomedical applications. Thereafter, they played a significant role in the fields of biology, medical testing, optical imaging, energy and catalysis, MRI contrast agents, tumor diagnosis and treatment, environmental protection, and so on.

Research Progress of Polymers/Inorganic Nanocomposite Electrical Insulating Materials.

With the rapid development of power, energy, electronic information, rail transit, and aerospace industries, nanocomposite electrical insulating materials have been begun to be widely used as new materials. Polymer/inorganic nanocomposite dielectric materials possess excellent physical and mechanical properties. In addition, numerous unique properties, such as electricity, thermal, sound, light, and magnetic properties are exhibited by these materials.

Wafer-scale MoS with water-vapor assisted showerhead MOCVD.

Among numerous thin film synthesis methods, metalorganic chemical vapor deposition performed in a showerhead reactor is the most promising one for broad use in scalable and commercially adaptable two-dimensional material synthesis processes. Adapting the most efficient monolayer growth methodologies from tube-furnace systems to vertical-showerhead geometries allows us to overcome the intrinsic process limitations and improve the overall monolayer yield quality. Here, we demonstrate large-area, monolayer molybdenum disulphide growth by combining gas-phase precursor supply with unique tube-furnace approaches of utilizing sodium molybdate pre-seeding solution spincoated on a substrate along with water vapor added during the growth step.

Biomechanical analysis of maxillary anterior teeth movements during different retracting methods with a lever arm miniscrew system in double-slot lingual brackets: A finite element method study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to find the most effective retracting method for the six maxillary anterior teeth with double-slot lingual brackets using a lever arm and miniscrew system.

Methods: Six finite element models were constructed: (A) a ribbon-wise archwire with a lever arm; (B) a ribbon-wise archwire with a lever arm and a sectional edgewise archwire; (C) a ribbon-wise archwire and a sectional edgewise archwire with a lever arm; (D) an edgewise archwire with a lever arm; (E) an edgewise archwire with a lever arm and a sectional ribbon-wise archwire; and (F) an edgewise archwire and a sectional ribbon-wise archwire with a lever arm. Initial displacements of maxillary teeth driven by a 1.

Track Fusion Fractional Kalman Filter for the Multisensor Descriptor Fractional Systems.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the state estimation problem for the multisensor descriptor fractional systems. Firstly, the descriptor fractional order system was transformed into two nondescriptor fractional order subsystem based on the singular value decomposition method; then, the descriptor fractional Kalman filters for the subsystems were proposed based on projection theory, which effectively solved the state estimation problem of the descriptor fractional order system with singular matrix; on this basis, the track fusion fractional Kalman filter of the multisensor descriptor fractional system is proposed by using the track fusion algorithm. The state estimation accuracy of multisensor descriptor fractional order systems is greatly improved.

Cooperative Perception Technology of Autonomous Driving in the Internet of Vehicles Environment: A Review.

Cooperative perception, as a critical technology of intelligent connected vehicles, aims to use wireless communication technology to interact and fuse environmental information obtained by edge nodes with local perception information, which can improve vehicle perception accuracy, reduce latency, and eliminate perception blind spots. It has become a current research hotspot. Based on the analysis of the related literature on the Internet of vehicles (IoV), this paper summarizes the multi-sensor information fusion method, information sharing strategy, and communication technology of autonomous driving cooperative perception technology in the IoV environment.

Study of the Electrical Conductivity Characteristics of Micro and Nano-ZnO/LDPE Composites.

Polyethylene, a thermoplastic resin made by ethylene polymerization, is widely used in electrical insulation. In this study, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is used as a matrix with micro- and nano-ZnO particles as a filler to produce different proportions of micro- and nano-ZnO composites by melt blending. These samples are characterized by Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) and FTIR tests, with their conductance measured under different field strengths.