Genetic landscape of Segawa disease in Spain. Long-term treatment outcomes.

Introduction: In 2009, we described a possible founder effect of autosomal dominant Segawa disease in Córdoba (Spain) due to mutation c.265C>T (p. Q89*) in the GCH1 gene.

A prospective multicenter study assessing effectiveness and safety of secukinumab in a real-life setting in 158 patients.

Background: Secukinumab is a first-in-class interleukin 17A monoclonal antibody that has demonstrated an excellent safety and efficacy profile in phase 3 studies.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of secukinumab in daily clinical practice and to understand the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients treated with secukinumab in clinical settings.

Methods: In this multicenter prospective observational study, we recruited adult patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis from 12 hospitals in Spain during January-December 2016.

Intensification of Basal Insulin Therapy with Lixisenatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a Real-World Setting: The BASAL-LIXI Study.

Background: Basal insulin reduces fasting blood glucose levels, but postprandial blood glucose levels may remain higher. Traditional strategies with rapid insulin intensification can cause hypoglycemic episodes and weight gain. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, such as the short-acting lixisenatide, are able to control postprandial excursions, without weight gain, and with a low risk of hypoglycemic events.

External validation of cut-off points for foveal thickness taking into account the intraretinal fluid using optical coherence tomography to diagnose diabetic macular oedema.

Background: In late 2015, cut-off points were published for foveal thickness to diagnose diabetic macular oedema taking into account the presence of intraretinal fluid using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in primary care patients (90 µm in the presence of intraretinal fluid and 310 µm otherwise).

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 134 eyes of diabetic patients treated in specialised ophthalmology services in a Spanish region in 2012-2013, to externally validate the aforementioned cut-off points. The main variable (Clinical Standard) was the diagnosis of macular oedema through indirect ophthalmoscopy and posterior segment slit-lamp biomicroscopy.

Nonadherence to guidelines for prescribing antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Background: We have found no papers evaluating nonadherence to guidelines for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), taking into account the two risk scales [C, congestive heart failure; H, hypertension; A, age; D, diabetes mellitus; S, stroke (CHADS2) and C, congestive heart failure; H, hypertension; A, age; D, diabetes mellitus; S, stroke; V, vascular disease; A, age; Sc, sex category (CHA2DS2-VASc)] and the two types of treatment that are recommended (antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy).

Objective: To determine the extent of lack of adherence when prescribing anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy to patients with AF and associated factors.

Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study of 144 patients with AF who visited the emergency department of Elda Hospital in 2013-14 (Spain).

An inferential study of the phenotype for the chromosome 15q24 microdeletion syndrome: a bootstrap analysis.

In January 2012, a review of the cases of chromosome 15q24 microdeletion syndrome was published. However, this study did not include inferential statistics. The aims of the present study were to update the literature search and calculate confidence intervals for the prevalence of each phenotype using bootstrap methodology.

A predictive screening tool to detect diabetic retinopathy or macular edema in primary health care: construction, validation and implementation on a mobile application.

The most described techniques used to detect diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema have to be interpreted correctly, such that a person not specialized in ophthalmology, as is usually the case of a primary care physician, may experience difficulties with their interpretation; therefore we constructed, validated and implemented as a mobile app a new tool to detect diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema (DRDME) using simple objective variables. We undertook a cross-sectional, observational study of a sample of 142 eyes from Spanish diabetic patients suspected of having DRDME in 2012-2013. Our outcome was DRDME and the secondary variables were: type of diabetes, gender, age, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), foveal thickness and visual acuity (best corrected).

Detection of diabetic macular oedema: validation of optical coherence tomography using both foveal thickness and intraretinal fluid.

Unlabelled: No studies have yet evaluated jointly central foveal thickness (CFT) and the presence of intraretinal fluid (PIF) to diagnose diabetic macular oedema (DMO) using optic coherence tomography (OCT). We performed a cross-sectional observational study to validate OCT for the diagnosis of DMO using both CFT and PIF assessed by OCT (3D OCT-1 Maestro). A sample of 277 eyes from primary care diabetic patients was assessed in a Spanish region in 2014.

Six simple questions to detect malnutrition or malnutrition risk in elderly women.

Unlabelled: Of the numerous instruments available to detect nutritional risk, the most widely used is the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), but it takes 15-20 min to complete and its systematic administration in primary care units is not feasible in practice. We developed a tool to evaluate malnutrition risk that can be completed more rapidly using just clinical variables. Between 2008 and 2013, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 418 women aged ≥60 years from Mexico.

Validity of Optical Coherence Tomography as a Diagnostic Method for Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.

To validate optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the diagnosis of referable retinopathy (severe, very severe or proliferative retinopathy, and macular edema) in diabetic patients. We performed a cross-sectional observational study. A random sample was analyzed comprising 136 eyes of diabetic patients referred to the hospital in Elche (Spain) with suspected referable retinopathy between October 2012 and June 2013.

Diagnostic inertia in obesity and the impact on cardiovascular risk in primary care: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Prevalence of diagnostic inertia (DI), defined as a failure to diagnose disease, has not been analysed in patients with obesity.

Aim: To quantify DI for cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in patients with obesity, and determine its association with the cardiovascular risk score.

Design And Setting: Cross-sectional study of people ≥40 years attending a preventive programme in primary healthcare centres in Spain in 2003-2004.

A four-year cardiovascular risk score for type 2 diabetic inpatients.

As cardiovascular risk tables currently in use were constructed using data from the general population, the cardiovascular risk of patients admitted via the hospital emergency department may be underestimated. Accordingly, we constructed a predictive model for the appearance of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes admitted via the emergency department. We undertook a four-year follow-up of a cohort of 112 adult patients with type 2 diabetes admitted via the emergency department for any cause except patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, or a palliative status.

Differences in the management of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia between obesity classes.

We did not find any paper that assessed clinical inertia in obese patients. Therefore, no paper has compared the clinical inertia rates between morbidly and nonmorbidly obese patients. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out.

Predictive models for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetic inpatients. A cohort study.

Background: Many authors have analysed premature mortality in cohorts of type 2 diabetic patients, but no analyses have assessed mortality in hospitalised diabetic patients.

Aim: To construct predictive models to estimate the likelihood of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetic inpatients.

Design: Cohort study with follow-up from 2010 to 2014.

Hyperreactio luteinalis: intraoperative finding during a cesarean section in a twin pregnancy.

Bilateral ovarian enlargement can be found in the course of a cesarean section. It is necessary to keep in mind that hyperreactio luteinalis is a benign condition, because the appropriate management is conservative. We present an unexpected, intraoperatively diagnosed case of bilateral ovarian cystic-solid tumours (13 cm) in a twin pregnancy.