Status of Sepsis Care in European Hospitals: Results from an International Cross-Sectional Survey.

Rationale: Early detection, standardized therapy, adequate infrastructure and strategies for quality improvement should constitute essential components of every hospital's sepsis plan.

Objectives: To investigate the extent to which recommendations from the sepsis guidelines are implemented and the availability of infrastructure for the care of patients with sepsis in acute hospitals.

Methods: A multidisciplinary cross-sectional questionnaire was used to investigate sepsis care in hospitals.

Circulating large extracellular vesicles as diagnostic biomarkers of indeterminate thyroid nodules: multi-platform omics analysis.

Background: While most thyroid nodules are benign, 7-15% are malignant. Patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules (specifically Bethesda IV/Thy3f) often undergo diagnostic hemithyroidectomy to reach a diagnosis on final histology. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of circulating large extracellular vesicles as diagnostic biomarkers in patients presenting with Thy3f thyroid nodules.

Red blood cell changes due to cancer and cancer treatments: a narrative review.

Purpose Of Review: To date, there is relatively limited research investigating changes in red blood cells (RBCs), particularly qualitative changes, in cancer patients and cancer patients receiving treatment. These changes may be important in better understanding cancer-associated anemia, which is the most prevalent hematological disorder in cancer patients with wide-ranging implications on patient care and quality of life. This review aims to summarize available evidence regarding qualitative and quantitative changes in RBCs in individuals with cancer prior to treatment and in patients undergoing treatment.

Chronic kidney disease as a predictor of long-term adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with aortoiliac disease: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Aortoiliac disease poses a significant cardiovascular (CV) risk, especially in individuals with chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to assess the predictive role of chronic kidney disease in long-term major adverse CV events in patients submitted to aortoiliac revascularization due to severe aortoiliac atherosclerotic disease.

Methods: From 2013 to 2023, patients who underwent aortoiliac revascularization for TASC II type D lesions, including those with chronic kidney disease, were selected from a prospective cohort study.

Survival benefit of cancer-directed surgery and the role of adjuvant therapy in malignant major salivary gland cancers: a propensity score matched retrospective analysis.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to assess the benefit of cancer-directed surgery (CDS) on both overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with malignant major salivary gland cancers (MMSGCs). The secondary objective was to explore the benefits of adjuvant therapy on the survival outcomes of these patients.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with MMSGC were extracted from the SEER database and subsequently categorized into two cohorts: CDS and non-CDS.

Growth performance, carcass traits, meat composition, digestibility coefficients and caecal microbiota of growing rabbits fed diets supplemented with a herbal mixture.

The study investigates the effect of dietary herbal mixture (HM) levels on growing New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits' performance, carcass characteristics, blood biochemicals, and microbiological characteristics from 5 to 13 weeks of age. In this study, 96 New Zealand White rabbits (male and female ratio 1:1) were used, and they were five weeks old. The rabbits were at random allocated into four experimental groups (n = 24 each) comprising 12 replicates, each with two rabbits.

Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin injection in the management of chronic symptomatic anal fissure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Anal fissure is one of the most painful anal conditions. Various management options are available, including topical nitrites, calcium channel blockers, botulinum toxin injection, and lateral internal sphincterotomy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin A (BT) injection for the management of symptomatic chronic anal fissures by conducting a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling and DFT modeling via selected pharmaceutical compounds attenuates carrageenan-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in rats.

The main goal of the current study is to estimate the in vivo anti-inflammatory/antioxidant ability of four selected pharmaceutical compounds: bisoprolol (Biso), piracetam (Pirc), clopidogrel (Clop), and cinnarizine (Cinna). Indomethacin (Indo) was used as a reference drug to perform a realistic comparison between the four compounds and the Indo in vivo through tracking PI3K/AKT signaling and computational chemistry via density functional theory (DFT) modeling to analyze the electrostatic potential across the molecule and provide insight into the regions for receptor binding of the studied compounds. To achieve the safe dose of these compounds, cytotoxicity was performed against isolated adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) using MTT assay.

Hybrid Pennisetum colonization by Bacillus megaterium BM18-2 labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) under Cd stress.

Researchers have reported that Bacillus megaterium BM18-2 reduces Cd toxicity in Hybrid Pennisetum, but understanding the interaction between plants and associated endophytes is crucial for understanding phytoremediation strategies under heavy metal stress. The current study aims to monitor the colonization patterns of GFP-labeled endophytic bacteria BM18-2 on Hybrid Pennisetum grass. Additionally, it will monitor Cd's effect on plant bacterial colonization.

Biosorption performance toward Co(II) and Cd(II) by irradiated Fusarium solani biomass.

Fusarium solani biomass plays a significant role in water pollution remediation due to its ability to sequester heavy metals, particularly cobalt (Co(II)) and cadmium (Cd(II)), which pose severe environmental and health risks. This study aimed to identify fungi from sewage-contaminated sites and evaluate their efficiency in absorbing and reducing Co(II) and Cd(II) ions. The biosorption potential of irradiated Fusarium solani biomass for removing Co(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions was investigated.

Psychological and interpersonal dimensions of sexual function and dysfunction: recommendations from the fifth international consultation on sexual medicine (ICSM 2024).

Introduction: Sexual health concerns are common and significantly impact quality of life, but many people do not seek treatment due to embarrassment and other barriers. A biopsychosocial model of assessment and treatment acknowledges the biological, psychological, and social contributors to sexual difficulties and suggests that all these domains should be evaluated.

Objectives: This paper provides an overview of the major psychological factors contributing to sexual difficulties and offer an evidence-based approach for primary care clinicians to assess and treat these issues.

Biomarkers.

Background: Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease are the most common neurodegenerative diseases. In the current study, we explored the potential of blood-based markers to differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) from healthy controls using ELISA assays via measuring the serum level of α-Syn and panels of inflammatory cytokines in the small pilot cohort of Egyptian volunteers. With the ongoing genetic studies, upcoming data suggest that it is not trivial to revisit the findings reported in specific populations to be tested in each ancestor of different genetic and environmental backgrounds.

Public Health.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive, incurable neurological condition that is the most common cause of dementia. Five percent of people aged 65 to 74, 13.1% of people aged 75 to 84, and 33.

Public Health.

Background: Undergoing intense research and investigation, smoking has garnered attention due to its extensive implications for public health, particularly focusing on cardiovascular and pulmonary issues. however In comparison, the neurological effects of nicotine have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Our objective is to investigate the relationship between smoking cigarettes and Alzheimer disease (AD) and possible effects of switching to E-cigarettes.

Developing Topics.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment remains to be a challenge; this is due to the fact that the pathogenesis of the disease is very complicated and not well understood. Unquestionable is the fact that the pathological hallmarks of AD are accumulation of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and mitochondrial dysfunction all leading to neuronal cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in AD.

Developing Topics.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a challenging condition that forbids individuals of their memories and abilities to carry out their daily functioning. In the research for solutions, cognitive rehabilitation (CR) has emerged as a promising intervention to help individuals with Alzheimer's disease improve their daily activities. Despite its potential benefits, the effectiveness of clinical trials (CT) remains a mystery, inconclusive further investigation.

Developing Topics.

Major depression has been affecting more than 280 million of the general population, and this number continue to rise. Thus, impairing daily life activities. Research on Major depression has been since the 19th century for the sake of elevating symptoms with less side effects.

Developing Topics.

Background: The growth of social media and the continuous improvement of machine-learning algorithms suggest that social media-based screening methods for mental diseases will become increasingly feasible with high accuracy in the next few years. Additionally, Artificial Intelligence, particularly predictive machine learning (ML) Models, has been established as one of the more powerful approaches to building reliable models that might be useful as an early predictor for Mental disorders. Specifically, one of the current challenges in brain disorders is identifying patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) that might be converted to Alzheimer's (AD) or other types of dementia.

Developing Topics.

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of tau synthesis reduction on tau biomarkers in patients receiving BIIB080 (IONIS-MAPTRx) treatment for mild Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Background: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of tau protein aggregates in the brain, leading to cognitive decline. Tau pathology, including abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein, is closely associated with disease progression.

Developing Topics.

Background: Over half of ambulatory older adults are prescribed at least one anticholinergic medication to address a myriad of conditions, including incontinence, allergies, anxiety and insomnia. Longitudinal studies suggest an association between anticholinergic exposure and risk of dementia. Prior studies often rely on crude exposure measures (use vs.

Developing Topics.

Background: Lingual taste cells (LTCs) are taste buds' sensory cells that modulate gustation. This study's aim is to assess whether it can be successfully implanted in hippocampus, modulating learning and memory deficits observed in Alzheimer's Dementia (AD).

Methods: Retrospective trials on rodents i.

Developing Topics.

Background: As there is currently no therapy available for Alzheimer's disease, efforts are now focused on improving quality of life through various means, one of them is dietary intake. While several studies have demonstrated that consuming ultra-processed food may contribute to the development of chronic diseases such as diabetes, there is insufficient evidence to directly link the consumption of ultra-processed food to an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. However, it has been established that ultra-processed foods have negative effects on biological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress and inflammation.

Developing Topics.

Background: Although most pituitary tumors are benign, functioning pituitary tumors are dangerous as they produce and deteriorate the endocrine hormones. Prolactinomas are one of these tumors that arise from lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary, and they're about 40% of all pituitary adenomas. They secrete high levels of prolactin, which are normally inhibited by dopamine.

Developing Topics.

Background: The circadian rhythm controls physiological functions across by responding to environmental light cues. fluctuations in this rhythm, such as those induced by irregular work schedules, have been associated with adverse health outcomes, this study aims to assess the increased likelihood risk of developing Alzheimer's dementia for workers with irregular work schedules.

Methods: Exploring and referencing studies on Alzheimer disease (AD) which had proved an undeniable relationship between dopamine levels with AD onset, this study showcases the relationship of dopamine levels and circadian rhythm and its effect indirectly on Alzheimer as a predisposing factor of AD.

Drug Development.

Background: Donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI), is an FDA-approved drug to treat these neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).