Impact of advanced lung cancer inflammation index on all-cause mortality among patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis with reconstructed time-to-event data.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is associated with systemic inflammation and hypercatabolic syndrome, impacting body metabolism. The advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a novel inflammatory and nutritional biomarker. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of ALI in patients with HF.

Allograft tolerance after adult living donor liver transplantation: a case-control study.

Background: To investigate the incidence and potential predictors of immune tolerance among adult living donor liver transplant (LDLT) recipients.

Methods: This case-control study included adult recipients who underwent LDLT between May 2004 and January 2018, with at least a 5-year follow-up after LDLT. We divided the study recipients into two groups: Group 1 (Tolerance Group) included recipients who achieved operational or prope tolerance for at least one year; Group 2 (Control Group) included recipients who did not achieve tolerance.

Exploring socio-demographic determinants of obesity in Jordanian women of reproductive age: insights from a nationwide survey.

Background: In Jordan, obesity has emerged as a significant public health concern, particularly among females, with a prevalence of 43.1%. This rising trend, exacerbates the burden of non-communicable diseases and places increasing strain on the healthcare system.

Effect of gut microbiota changes on cytokines IL-10 and IL-17 levels in liver transplantation patients.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is a critical intervention for individuals with end-stage liver disease; yet, post-transplant problems, especially infections, graft rejection, and chronic liver disease, are often linked to systemic inflammation. Cytokines, small signaling molecules, significantly influence immune responses during and post-liver transplantation. Nonetheless, the intricate relationships among cytokines, immune responses, and the gut microbiota, especially gut dysbiosis, are still inadequately comprehended.

Biofabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera, characterization and statistical optimization for their application in crystal violet adsorption.

Crystal violet (Cry) is an essential textile dye belonging to the triphenylmethane group, that is widely used in the textile industry. It is also applied for paper printing and Gram staining. Previously, it was significant as a topical antiseptic due to its antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties.

An optimized ensemble grey wolf-based pipeline for monkeypox diagnosis.

As the world recovered from the coronavirus, the emergence of the monkeypox virus signaled a potential new pandemic, highlighting the need for faster and more efficient diagnostic methods. This study introduces a hybrid architecture for automatic monkeypox diagnosis by leveraging a modified grey wolf optimization model for effective feature selection and weighting. Additionally, the system uses an ensemble of classifiers, incorporating confusion based voting scheme to combine salient data features.

Knowledge and attitude among Egyptian medical students regarding the role of human papillomavirus vaccine in prevention of oropharyngeal cancer: a questionnaire-based observational study.

Squamous cell carcinomas in several anatomical sites are caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV), and oncogenic double-stranded DNA viruses. There are about 200 genotypes; HPV16 is the most often occurring variant. Potential ways of infection are skin warts, sexual activity, exposure, immunization, or oral sex.

Optimizing multiprocessor performance in real-time systems using an innovative genetic algorithm approach.

Due to its enormous influence on system functionality, researchers are presently looking into the issue of task scheduling on multiprocessors. Establishing the most advantageous schedules is often regarded as a difficult-to-compute issue. Genetic Algorithm is a recent tool employed by researchers to optimize scheduling tasks and boost performance, although this field of research is yet mostly unexplored.

Balloon-mounted versus self-expandable stent in failed neurothrombectomy: a post hoc analysis of the SAINT study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that when thrombectomy has failed, rescue intracranial stenting is associated with better clinical outcomes compared with failed reperfusion. However, comparative data regarding stent type are lacking.

Objective: To compare the procedural and clinical outcomes of balloon-mounted stents (BMS) with those of self-expandable stents (SES).

Impact of porcelain aorta on outcomes in transfemoral aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with balloon-expandable valves.

Background: Current guidelines recommend transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for patients with aortic stenosis and porcelain aorta (PA). Neurological outcomes of patients with PA undergoing TAVI with modern valves require clarification as most trials examined balloon-expandable valves (BEV) and self-expandable valves in intermediate or high-risk patients, but not specifically in patients with PA. Our aim was to compare outcomes, including stroke and mortality, in well-matched patients with and without PA who received BEV during transfemoral TAVI procedures.

Development of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-grafted coumarins as selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and tubulin polymerization inhibitors with potent anticancer activity.

This study presents the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a novel series of coumarin-based compounds (9a-t) as potential anticancer agents. The compounds were strategically designed to inhibit cancer-related carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms IX and XII and tubulin polymerization. Two approaches were employed for CA inhibition: utilizing the coumarin motif to occlude the CA active site entrance and incorporating zinc-binding groups (sulfonamide, carboxylic acid, and thiol) to interact with the catalytic zinc ion.

Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin Compared to Pioglitazone in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious end-stage spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with associated high risk of hepatic and extrahepatic complications. Several studies showed the significant beneficial effect of dapagliflozin on body composition, hepatic and metabolic parameters on NAFLD/NASH patients. The study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in both diabetic and non-diabetic biopsy-proven NASH patients; compared to pioglitazone.

Efficacy of surgical ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion in patients with AF undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia that greatly elevates the risk of stroke. This risk increases both during and after cardiac procedures, such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). There is an increasing interest in non-pharmacological treatments such as left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) and surgical ablation, intending to enhance both immediate and long-term postoperative results.

The role of genetic polymorphisms in KCNN2 in cardiovascular complications in patients with renal failure.

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at a higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications and mortality compared to the general population. This study aimed to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of KCNN2, a key gene encoding a subtype of small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels, which regulate an important SK current pathway potentially involved in the development of CV complications, particularly arrhythmias, in ESRD patients. A total of 169 ESRD patients were enrolled in this study.

Effects of Fisetin and Nicorandil on adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats: Emerging role of TLR4/NF-κB-induced Pyroptosis, Nrf-2/HO-1, and OPG/RANKL pathways.

Aim And Background: Our study explored the novel mechanisms implicated in the anti-rheumatic potential of fisetin and/or nicorandil (NIC) intervention.

Methods And Materials: Fifty male rats were categorized into; control, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), fisetin-treated RA, NIC-treated RA, and co-treated RA groups. We assessed paw thickness, arthritis indices, serum CRP, RF, OPG, RANKL, and gene expressions of synovial TLR4, NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, Nrf-2, and HO, along with synovial histopathology and NF-κB immunoreactivity.

Modulation of plant carbon and nitrogen metabolism by novel actinobacteria Rhodospirillum sp. to combat galaxolide toxicity in barley and maize plants.

The phytotoxic effect of cosmetics such as galaxolide (HHCB) has been investigated, however, their metabolic basis of this impact is still obscure. Thus, we investigated the effect of HHCB on the biomass accumulation, photosynthesis, primary and secondary metabolites in two species from different functional groups i.e.

Influence of different polymeric materials of implant and attachment on stress distribution in implant-supported overdentures: a three-dimensional finite element study.

Purpose: Investigating high performance thermoplastic polymers as substitutes to titanium alloy, in fabrication of implants and attachments to support mandibular overdenture, aiming to overcome stress shielding effect of titanium alloy implants. AIM OF STUDY: Assessment of stress distribution in polymeric prosthetic components and bone around polymeric implants, in case of implant-supported mandibular overdenture.

Materials And Methods: 3D finite element model was established for mandibular overdenture, supported bilaterally by two implants at canine region, and retained by two ball attachments.

Adaptive hybrid virtual inertia controller for PMSG-based wind turbine based on fuzzy logic control.

The integration of renewable energy sources into microgrids presents some challenges due to the decreased system overall inertia associated with the presence of converter -based sources. To overcome this issue and to enhance the system inertia, various concepts for virtual inertial control have been proposed in the literature. However, the concept of improving the system frequency through wind turbines has gained widespread acceptance.

Forecasting of virtual power plant generating and energy arbitrage economics in the electricity market using machine learning approach.

Over time, the importance of virtual power plants (VPP) has markedly risen to seamlessly incorporate the sporadic nature of renewable energy sources into the existing smart grid framework. Simultaneously, there is a growing need for advanced forecasting methods to bolster the grid's stability, flexibility, and dispatchability. This paper presents a dual-pronged, innovative approach to maximize income in the day-ahead power market through VPP.

Azurin a potent anticancer and antimicrobial agent isolated from a novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain.

Azurin, a bacterial blue-copper protein, has garnered significant attention as a potential anticancer drug in recent years. Among twenty Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, we identified one isolate that demonstrated potent and remarkable azurin synthesis using the VITEK 2 system and 16S rRNA sequencing. The presence of the azurin gene was confirmed in the genomic DNA using specific oligonucleotide primers, and azurin expression was also detected in the synthesized cDNA, which revealed that the azurin expression is active.

Kinetic and isothermal study of dye absorption using pre-treated natural fabrics using polyamine compounds.

The study examined the use of cationic polymers (Polyethyleneimine and chitosan) in treating fabrics like cotton, wool, and cotton/wool (70/30) to improve their dyeability and printability. The study examined factors such as dye concentration, time, and temperature for the dyeing process. Results showed that all dyed and printed fabrics treated with polyethyleneimine and chitosan increased color strength by significant percentages.

Plant Oil Nano-Emulsions as a Potential Solution for Pest Control in Sustainable Agriculture.

The increasing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly pest control methods has led to a growing interest in the development of novel, plant-based pesticides. In this study, we investigated the potential of nano-emulsions containing plant oils (Portulaca oleracea, Raphanus sativus, and Rosmarinus officinalis) as a new approach for controlling three major pests: Aphis gossypii, Spodoptera littoralis, and Tetranychus urticae. Using ultrasonication, we prepared stable and uniform nano-emulsions characterized by thermodynamic properties, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Impact of Gd, Pr, Yb, and Nd doping on the magnetic properties of Mg-ferrite nanoparticles.

This study aimed to synthesize MgFeLnO (where, Ln = Yb, Pr, Gd, and Nd) ferrite nanoparticles via the sol-gel process and investigate their structural, morphological, and magnetic properties for potential hyperthermia applications. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed the cubic spinel structure for all samples. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed nanometer-scale dimensions and nearly spherical morphology.