Association of Alcohol Use Disorder and Perioperative Complications and Adverse Events After Spinal Fusion Surgery During the In-hospital Period: An Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database.

Objective: Alcohol use disorder carries major effects shown to limit social support, increase recovery times, and lead to a higher incidence of surgical complications. This retrospective cohort study investigated the influence of AUD on perioperative outcomes and adverse events after spinal fusions in the largest sample size to date and spanning 11 years.

Methods: Data for adult (>18 years old) patients who underwent a spinal fusion as their primary surgery were identified from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for the years 2009-2020.

Optimized peptide inhibitor Aqs1C targets LasR to disrupt quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Insights from MD simulations and in vitro studies.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a critical pathogen, and its antibiotic resistance is largely driven by the quorum-sensing regulator LasR. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of Aqs1C, a mutated peptide derivative of Aqs1, optimized to inhibit LasR and its quorum-sensing pathway. By introducing a targeted mutation, Aqs1C exhibited enhanced stability and binding affinity for LasR protein compared to its predecessor, Aqs1B.

Phytochemical investigation, role in wound healing process and cytotoxicity of Sphagneticola trilobata: In vitro, in vivo and in silico approach.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sphagneticola trilobata was traditionally used to alleviate wounds using topical plant preparations. The precise mechanism of the plant responsible for its wound healing effect are still unclear. Although the plant was reported to be cytotoxic, there is a lack of reported data regarding its cytotoxic impact on skin cancer.

Genetic diversity and phylogeography of the global Theileria orientalis isolates inferred from MPSP gene sequences.

Background/objective: Theileria orientalis is a non-transforming Theileria species infecting cattle and water buffaloes. Several outbreaks of oriental theileriosis accompanied by considerable economic loss were documented in Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. The major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene has frequently been used to molecularly characterize T.

Therapeutic potential of siRNA PMP22-SQ nanoparticles for Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A neuropathy in rodents and non-human primates.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has shown promising results for the treatment of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 1A (CMT1A) caused by overexpression of peripheral myelin protein (PMP22), leading to myelin dysfunction and axonal damage. Recently, we developed siRNA PMP22-squalene (SQ) nanoparticles (NPs) for intravenous use. Three consecutive injections of siRNA PMP22-SQ NPs at a cumulative dose of 1.

Development of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids as multi-faced anticancer agents co-targeting EGFR/mTOR pathway and tubulin depolymerization.

Novel 1,2,3-triazole hybrids bearing various substituents have been synthesized as potential anticancer agents. Ligand-based approach has been adopted to design these compounds relying on the hybridization of 1,2,3-triazole with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl, 5- and 6-membered heterocyclic scaffolds. All synthesized members were investigated for their cytotoxic potency against nine types comprising 60 panels of human cancerous cells by the US National Cancer Institute: Development Therapeutic Program (US_NCI_DTP).

Monkeypox diagnosis based on probabilistic K-nearest neighbors (PKNN) algorithm.

Although it is not a new illness and has been around since the previous century, monkeypox later resurgence is fraught with difficulties. This study presents a novel approach of diagnosing monkeypox using artificial intelligence, which is called Effective Monkeypox Diagnosis Strategy (EMDS). The proposed EMDS is established through two sequential stages, namely; (i) Pre-Processing Phase (PP) and (ii) Monkeypox Diagnosing phase (MDP).

Granisetron ameliorates doxorubicin-evoked nephrotoxicity via modulation of Nrf2 and TLR4/p38 MAPK/NLRP3 signals in rats.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline chemotherapy employed in treating malignancies. Unfortunately, the clinical application of DOX is limited due to its nephrotoxicity. Granisetron (GRAN) is a 5-HT3 receptor blocker used widely to manage post-chemotherapy nausea and vomiting with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic bioactivities.

Chromatographic retention assisted in-silico prediction of anticancer potential of glucocorticoids on cancer cell lines.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are hallmarks of anti-inflammatory activity. They are used as adjuvant therapy in oncology medications to alleviate some of the associated side effects. Although recent research has indicated that GCs have favorable anticancer potential, some scientific evidence suggests a pro-proliferation impact of GCs on cancer cells.

Development and validation of a scoring system for predicting disease activity in treatment-naïve patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) exhibits significant heterogeneity and different treatment responses. Up to date, there is no international consensus on defining disease activity which foretells potential prognosis. This study aims to develop and validate a "Scoring System for Disease Activity Prognosis in Treatment-Naïve RRMS Patients" (DAPS-RRMS) to help guiding treatment decisions.

Safety of topical estrogen therapy during adjuvant endocrine treatment among patients with breast cancer: A meta-analysis based expert panel discussion.

Importance: Endocrine treatments, such as Tamoxifen (TAM) and/or Aromatase inhibitors (AI), are the adjuvant therapy of choice for hormone-receptor positive breast cancer. These agents are associated with menopausal symptoms, adversely affecting drug compliance. Topical estrogen (TE) has been proposed for symptom management, given its' local application and presumed reduced bioavailability, however its oncological safety remains uncertain.

Travel medicine training and experience among primary care physicians in Qatar.

Background: Travel medicine (TM) focuses on preventing and managing travel-related issues. Evidence has become more important than expert opinions in the development of TM standards. This study aimed to evaluate the training and experience of TM among Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) in Qatar and their associated factors.

Outcomes of Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy in Ambulatory Patients with Cerebral Palsy and Planovalgus Foot Deformity.

Background: To date, no studies have evaluated the longevity of calcaneal lengthening osteotomy (CLO) in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) and pes planovalgus. This study aimed to explore the changes in foot alignment following CLO in patients with CP, utilizing both radiographic evaluations and dynamic foot-pressure assessments.

Methods: A retrospective study of 282 feet in 180 ambulatory patients was performed.

Secondary metabolites of Alternaria alternate appraisal of their SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory and anti-inflammatory potentials.

This study identifies the secondary metabolites from Alternaria alternate and evaluates their ACE-2: Spike RBD (SARS-CoV-2) inhibitory activity confirmed via immunoblotting in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. In addition, their in vitro anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using a cell-based assay in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

A 5-year Single-center Experience on the Use of Emicizumab Prophylaxis in Children With Severe Hemophilia A With and Without Factor VIII Inhibitors.

Objective: Emicizumab promotes efficacious hemostasis in persons with hemophilia A persons with hemophilia A with and without inhibitors. Primary analyses of real-world data and clinical trials have shown emicizumab efficacy and safety; however, long-term data are limited.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to assess real-world long-term outcomes of pediatric patients on emicizumab in our hemophilia center between the period of February 2018 and September 2023.

Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by Origanum majorana Aqueous Leaves Extracts, Characterization and Evaluated Against to Schistosoma haematobium.

Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma worms, is a major neglected tropical disease in Africa, this disease is ranked as second after malaria. Nanotechnology is important for treating schistosomiasis while minimizing chemotherapy side effects. The current investigate aimed to assess the effectiveness of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), which were used for the first time in an attempt to find alternative treatment for schistosomiasis and synthesized by Origanum majorana, and to compare them with praziquantel (PZQ), the only chemical treatment approved by the World Health Organization.

Imaging Lessons From Multidisciplinary Team Meetings at a Quaternary Referral Center: A Case-Based Review of Radiology Findings in Complex Adult Congenital Heart Disease.

Optimal management of adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) requires a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach, fostering a collaborative culture over an individualistic approach. Within this framework, subspecialty-trained radiologists provide crucial imaging expertise, supporting cardiologists, surgeons, and interventional cardiologists in diagnoses, treatment planning, and follow-up evaluations. Advanced imaging tools and a nuanced understanding of surgical and interventional procedures enable radiologists to provide valuable insights to clinicians.

Unveiling the broad spectrum efficacy of volatile terpenes to fight against SARS-COV-2-associated mucormycosis.

Mucormycosis, a life-threatening fungal infection caused by Mucorales, affects immunocompromised patients, especially SARS-CoV-2 ones. Existing antifungal therapies, like amphotericin B, have serious health risks. The current study reviews the literature regarding an overview of SARS-CoV-2-associated mucormycosis, along with different terpenes from diverse edible sources such as basil, ginger, and clove, which are detected till June 2024.

The Songdo consensus: Development of minimum reporting standards for studies of intervention in idiopathic anal fistula using a modified nominal group technique.

Aim: Cryptoglandular anal fistulas carry a substantial burden to quality of life. Surgery is the only effective curative treatment but requires balancing fistula healing against pain, wounds and continence impairment. Sphincter-preserving procedures do exist but demonstrate variable rates of success.

Marginal Gap Distance and Dynamic Fatigue Performance of Esthetic Crowns for Primary Teeth.

Background: The growing demand for esthetic restorative materials highlights the need to evaluate their marginal accuracy and fracture resistance to ensure optimal clinical outcomes for primary molars.

Aim: The aim was to assess the vertical marginal gap distance and fracture resistance of esthetic restorative materials after cyclic loading.

Design: Forty extracted primary molars were randomly divided into four groups: Group I, stainless steel veneered crowns with tooth-colored material; Group II, prefabricated monolithic zirconia crowns; Group III, yttria-partially stabilized zirconia computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns; and Group IV, hybrid ceramic CAD/CAM crowns.

Overcoming low status or maintaining high status? A multinational examination of the association between socioeconomic status and honour.

We examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and endorsement of honour. We studied the SES-honour link in 5 studies (N = 13,635) with participants recruited in different world regions (the Mediterranean and MENA, East Asian, South-East Asian, and Anglo-Western regions) using measures that tap into various different facets of honour. Findings from these studies revealed that individuals who subjectively perceived themselves as belonging to a higher (vs.

Marginal Fit and Fracture Resistance of Vertical Versus Horizontal Margins in Monolithic Zirconia Crowns.

Objective: The use of vertical margin design in all-ceramic restoration has generated inquiries regarding its clinical efficacy under diverse dynamic oral conditions. This research aims to assess the marginal fit and fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia crowns featuring vertical margin design as opposed to those with conventional horizontal margin design.

Materials And Methods: Two metal dies were employed to generate replicated resin dies mimicking mandibular first molar preparation.

Approaches of Inducing Tolerance to Murine Schistosomiasis mansoni applying Biomphalaria and Bulinus Proteins.

Background: The freshwater snails Biomphalaria alexandrina and Bulinus trancatus are key contributors to the transmission of S. mansoni and S.haematobium, respectively, for being their intermediate hosts.

Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-nematocidal, and Computational Study of Copper(II) Complex Derived from Fluoro-substituted Schiff base Ligand.

Herein, Schiff base was synthesized via reaction between 2-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The ligand was reacted with Cu(II) salt to obtain complex. The compounds  were characterization using various techniques.

Extracorporeal membrane therapy in a case of ruptured abscess on the mitroaortic intervalvular fibrosa associated to multisystem inflammatory syndrome: a case report.

Background: The mitroaortic intervalvular fibrosa is an avascular structure near the left ventricular outflow tract, between the mitral and aortic valves. Mitroaortic intervalvular fibrosa complications, such as tamponade, hemopericardium, and abscesses, are rare and often diagnosed postmortem. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic notably impacted pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases, who frequently presented cardiac complications including arrhythmias, elevated troponins, myocarditis, and heart failure.