Enhancing heart disease classification based on greylag goose optimization algorithm and long short-term memory.

Heart disease is a category of various conditions that affect the heart, which includes multiple diseases that influence its structure and operation. Such conditions may consist of coronary artery disease, which is characterized by the narrowing or clotting of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle, with the resulting threat of heart attacks. Heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias), heart valve problems, congenital heart defects present at birth, and heart muscle disorders (cardiomyopathies) are other types of heart disease.

Uncertainty-aware diabetic retinopathy detection using deep learning enhanced by Bayesian approaches.

Deep learning-based medical image analysis has shown strong potential in disease categorization, segmentation, detection, and even prediction. However, in high-stakes and complex domains like healthcare, the opaque nature of these models makes it challenging to trust predictions, particularly in uncertain cases. This sort of uncertainty can be crucial in medical image analysis; diabetic retinopathy is an example where even slight errors without an indication of confidence can have adverse impacts.

Predecting power transformer health index and life expectation based on digital twins and multitask LSTM-GRU model.

Power transformers play a crucial role in enabling the integration of renewable energy sources and improving the overall efficiency and reliability of smart grid systems. They facilitate the conversion, transmission, and distribution of power from various sources and help to balance the load between different parts of the grid. The Transformer Health Index (THI) is one of the most important indicators of ensuring their reliability and preventing unplanned outages.

Biogenic synthesis of titanium nanoparticles by Streptomyces rubrolavendulae for sustainable management of Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas).

Biosynthesized nanoparticles have a variety of applications, and microorganisms are considered one of the most ideal sources for the synthesis of green nanoparticles. Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas) is a pest that has many generations per year and can affect 123 plant species from 49 families by absorbing sap from bark, forming honeydew, causing sooty mold, and attracting invasive ant species, leading to significant agricultural losses. The purpose of this work was to synthesize titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) from marine actinobacteria and evaluate their insecticidal effects on Icerya aegyptiaca (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae), in addition to explaining their effects on protein electrophoresis analysis of SDS‒PAGE proteins from control and treated insects after 24, 72 and 120 h of exposure.

Characterizing Grover search algorithm on large-scale superconducting quantum computers.

Quantum computing is on the cusp of transforming the way we tackle complex problems, and the Grover search algorithm exemplifying its potential to revolutionize the search for unstructured large datasets, offering remarkable speedups over classical methods. Here, we report results for the implementation and characterization of a three-qubit Grover search algorithm using the state-of-the-art scalable quantum computing technology of superconducting quantum architectures. To delve into the algorithm's scalability and performance metrics, our investigation spans the execution of the algorithm across all eight conceivable single-result oracles, alongside nine two-result oracles, employing IBM Quantum's 127-qubit quantum computers.

Protective effects of resveratrol and naringenin against nonylphenol-induced oxidative stress in rats.

Nonylphenol (NP) is a ubiquitous environmental endocrine disrupting chemical and oxidative stress inducer in biological systems. Resveratrol (RES) and Naringenin (NG) are phytochemicals possessing antioxidant properties and estrogenic activity. This study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of NP and the mitigating effects of RES and NG on NP toxicity in rats.

New Ionic Liquid Forms of Antituberculosis Drug Combinations for Optimized Stability and Dissolution.

Isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) are the two main drugs used for the management of tuberculosis. They are often used as a fixed drug combination, but their delivery is challenged by suboptimal solubility and physical instability. This study explores the potential of active pharmaceutical ingredient-ionic liquids (API-ILs) to improve the physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties of INH and RIF.

Algal-bacterial bioremediation of cyanide-containing wastewater in a continuous stirred photobioreactor.

This study reports the isolation and characterization of highly resistant bacterial and microalgal strains from an Egyptian wastewater treatment station to cyanide-containing compounds. The bacterial strain was identified as Bacillus licheniformis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolate removed up to 1 g L potassium cyanide, 3 g L benzonitrile, and 1 g L sodium salicylate when incubated as 10% v/v in MSM at 30 ℃.

Genetic associations determine the effects of intergenerational and transgenerational stress memory for salinity exposure histories in barley.

Enhancing salt tolerance genetically through defining the genetic and physiological mechanisms intergenerational and transgenerational stress memory that contributes to sustainable agriculture by reducing the reliance on external inputs such as irrigation and improving the adaptability of barley to changing climate conditions. Salinity stress poses a substantial challenge to barley production worldwide, adversely affecting crop yield, quality, and agricultural sustainability. To address this, the present study utilized a genome-wide association san (GWAS) to identify genetic associations underlying intergenerational and transgenerational stress memory in response to salinity in a diverse panel of 138 barley accessions.

Co-ensiling pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peels and molasses with berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) alters fermentation quality, nutrient composition, ruminal fermentation and methane production in buffalo bulls in-vitro.

Pomegranate peels are an industrial by-product high in sugar and phytochemical content and pose an environmental concern. Meanwhile, ensiling legume forage such as berseem is difficult due to its lower dry matter content and water-soluble carbohydrate-to-buffering capacity ratio, which leads to a poor fermentation process. To date, no studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of co-ensiling pomegranate peels with berseem.

Ajwa date extract (): Phytochemical analysis, antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-I and coxsackie B4 virus, and in silico study.

Objectives: To investigate the phytochemical composition of Ajwa date extract and evaluate its antiviral activity and mechanism of action.

Methods: High perfomance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze the phytochemical profile of Ajwa date extract. The antiviral activity was assessed using the MTT colorimetric assay against herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) and coxsackievirus B4 (CVB-4).

Effectiveness of implementation of sickle cell disease referral guidelines and other measures in paediatric department at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive genetic blood disorder. It affects up to 2.6% of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia population.

Evaluation of minced beef quality fortified with edible microalgae species during cryogenic storage.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of some microalgae species adding with different forms on minced beef meat shelf life during cryogenic storage for 13 days. Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis are chosen because of their safety and high nutritional value. Microalgae nanoparticles with their different forms have been prepared by using emulsification solvent evaporation method.

Preparation, characterization and antibacterial investigation of water-soluble curcumin-chitooligosaccharide complexes.

Curcumin has a wide range of application prospects, with various bioactivities in the food industry and in the biomedical field. However, curcumin has poor water solubility and is sensitive to pH, light and temperature. In this study, curcumin-chitooligosaccharide (CUR-COS) complexes were prepared via mechanochemical methods, and the CUR-COS complex was more soluble after freeze-drying (up to 862-fold greater than that of curcumin).

Marine algal polysaccharides for drug delivery applications: A review.

In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in the use of polysaccharides that exhibit biological activity for a wide range of innovative applications. This is due to their nontoxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and therapeutic properties. The diverse properties of polysaccharides derived from marine algae make them a promising strategy for the construction of drug delivery systems (DDSs).

Chitosan and alginate/Aspergillus flavus-mediated nanocomposite films for preservation of postharvest tomatoes.

The isolated Aspergillus flavus NSRN22 was used for green synthesis of silver and selenium nanoparticles (AgNPs and SeNPs). New food packaging films produced by combining each type of NPs with chitosan (CS) or sodium alginate (SA) were characterized. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the average particle size was lower in case of AgNPs (9 to 14.

Oberlin II versus intercostal neurotization for elbow flexion restoration: A prospective study.

Background: Restoring elbow flexion following brachial plexus injury (BPI) is essential for improving arm function and quality of life in adults. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Oberlin II and intercostal nerve (ICN) neurotization techniques for restoring elbow flexion in adults with upper and middle trunk brachial plexus palsy.

Methods: This prospective study included 36 patients aged 18 to 50 years with traumatic upper and middle trunk brachial plexus palsy.

3D Printed Endocrowns versus Prefabricated Zirconia Crowns for Pulpotomized Primary Molars: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: This study aims to compare the clinical performance of 3D printed endocrowns (ECs) and prefabricated zirconia crowns (PZRCs) in restoring pulpotomized primary molars, over 3, 6, and 12 months.

Methods: Thirty pulpotomized mandibular primary molars in 16 children aged 4-8 years were randomized with a 1:1 allocation ratio into two groups: group (A), PZRCs, and group (B), 3D-printed ECs. All restorations were evaluated for esthetic, functional, and biological properties using FDI criteria at 3-, 6-, and 12-month intervals.

Activation of SIRT1 by SRT1720 Alleviates Dyslipidemia, Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Exhibits Liver-Protective Effects in Diabetic Rats on a High-Fat Diet: New Insights into the SIRT1/Nrf2/NFκB Signaling Pathway.

Insulin resistance and diabetes are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) conditions, which are distinguished by metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD-dependent deacetylase, is fundamental in regulating metabolic pathways, reducing inflammation, and improving antioxidant defenses. This is the first study to investigate the effects of SRT1720, a SIRT1 activator, in diabetic rats on a high-fat diet.

Uncovering molecular mechanisms of soybean response to C heavy ion irradiation through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling.

Ion beam mutagenesis is an advanced technique capable of inducing substantial changes in plants, resulting in noticeable alterations in their growth. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of radiation on soybeans remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of ionizing radiation on soybean development through a comprehensive approach that integrates transcriptomics and metabolomics.

The trustworthiness of registered randomised control trials on hysteroscopy.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess the publication status of RCTs studying hysteroscopy registered on clinical trial registries, and the trustworthiness of these studies.

Material And Methods: We systematically searched 23 clinical trial registries and MEDLine for studies on hysteroscopy registered between March 2012 and 25 March 2022. Published RCTs were assessed for trustworthiness using the Trustworthiness in RAndomised Controlled Trials (TRACT) checklist.

Assessment of the use of long-acting insulin in management of DKA in pediatrics: randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: We evaluated the effectiveness of starting long-acting insulin early during managing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pediatric patients.

Methods: Patients with DKA were randomly assigned to receive either traditional DKA management protocol or concurrent administration of subcutaneous (SC) long-acting insulin alongside intravenous insulin during DKA treatment. The primary outcomes were the duration of insulin infusion and the adverse effects of the intervention, mainly hypoglycemia and hypokalemia.

Treatment of Pleural Mesothelioma: ASCO Guideline Update.

Purpose: To provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing physicians and others on the management of pleural mesothelioma (PM).

Methods: ASCO convened an Expert Panel of medical oncology, thoracic surgery, radiation oncology, pathology, cancer genetics, and advocacy experts to conduct an updated literature search, which included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective comparative observational studies published from 2016 through 2024. Outcomes of interest included survival, disease-free or recurrence-free survival, and quality of life.