A Comprehensive Review of the Recent Developments in the Electroanalytical Methods for the Therapeutic Monitoring of Antiepileptic Drugs.

Epilepsy is a serious neurological disease that impacts all facets of a patient's life, including their socioeconomic situation. The failure to identify underlying epileptic signatures in their early stages might result in severe harm to the central nervous system (CNS) and permanent adverse changes to some organs. Therefore, numerous antiepileptic drugs (AEDs are frequently used to control and treat the frequency of seizures.

Characterization of novel cold-active chitin deacetylase for green production of bioactive chitosan.

A Novel cold-active chitin deacetylase from Shewanella psychrophila WP2 (SpsCDA) was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and employed for deacetylation of chitin to chitosan. The produced chitosan was characterized, and its antifungal activity was investigated against Fusarium oxysporum. The purified recombinant SpsCDA appeared as a single band on SDS-PAGE at approximately 60 kDa, and its specific activity was 92 U/mg.

Allogenic Cultured Limbal Epithelial Transplantation and Cultivated Oral Mucosal Epithelial Transplantation in Limbal Stem Cells Deficiency: A Comparative Study.

Introduction: This study compared the clinical outcomes of allogenic cultured limbal epithelial transplantation (ACLET) and cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation (COMET) in the management of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).

Methods: Forty-one COMET procedures in 40 eyes and 69 ACLET procedures in 54 eyes were performed in the Corneoplastic Unit of Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead. Data were examined for demographics, indications, ocular surface stability, absence of epithelial defect, ocular surface inflammation, visual outcomes, and intra- and postoperative complications.

The impact of weight loss after bariatric surgeries on the patient's body image, quality of life, and self-esteem.

Objectives: The objective of this web-based study is to analyze the attributes of bariatric surgery cases ensuing health implications. Additionally, the study seeks to delve into the factors influencing post-bariatric psychological evaluations and the impact of various bariatric surgeries on weight loss and psycho-social assessment scores for patients who had undergone bariatric surgeries within a specific bariatric surgery center in Egypt between January 2017 and January 2024.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study recruited 411 adults who had undergone different bariatric procedures by the same surgical team.

Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis.

The rise of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms (AMR) poses a significant global challenge to human health and economic stability. In response, various scientific communities are seeking safe alternatives to antibiotics. This study comprehensively investigates the antibacterial effects of red dye derived from Monascus purpureus against three bacterial pathogens: Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, Escherichia coli ATCC8739, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC25923.

Evaluating the effectiveness of Pisolithus tinctorius in enhancing the Eucalyptus' resistance to salt stress.

Afforestation projects on saline land, using Eucalyptus trees and ectomycorrhizal fungi, are crucial for restoring affected areas and promoting ecological and economic benefits, particularly in saline-affected areas. This study was conducted to isolate Pisolithus sp. and estimate its potential to improve the growth performance of Eucalyptus globulus seedlings under salt-stress conditions.

Optimizing optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate/NiO-based polymeric nanocomposites for optoelectronic applications.

An electro- and optically favorable quaternary nanocomposite film was produced by solution-casting nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT/PSS). Based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) observations, the synthesized NiO NPs have a cubic phase and a diameter between 10 and 45 nm. The complexity and interactions observed through XRD patterns, UV-visible spectra, and FTIR measurements suggest that the NPs are not just dispersed within the polymer matrix, but are interacting with it, leading to enhanced dielectric properties and AC electrical conductivity.

Advancements in microalgal biomass conversion for rubber composite applications.

Carbon black (CB) as rubber reinforcement has raised environmental concerns regarding this traditional petroleum-based filler, which is less susceptible to biodegradability. Although it has great reinforcing properties, the production technique is no longer sustainable, and its cost increases regularly. For these reasons, it is wise to look for sustainable replacement materials.

Expression profiles of miR-101-3p and miR-431-5p as potential diagnostic biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovial joints, leading to cartilage and bone destruction. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers for RA. The study was conducted on 60 patients with RA disease along with 20 control participants.

Unveiling the radiation shielding efficacy of diorite, granodiorite, tonalite, and granite: experimental and simulation study.

For the purpose of this study, four natural rock samples-namely, diorite, granodiorite, tonalite, and granite-are being investigated about their radiation attenuation. The elemental composition of the rocks was obtained through Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) which examines the microstructural and localized area elemental analyses of the four rock samples. A Monte Carlo simulation (MCNP) was used to determine and evaluate the investigated samples.

Enhancing electric vehicle battery lifespan: integrating active balancing and machine learning for precise RUL estimation.

Electric vehicles (EVs) rely heavily on lithium-ion battery packs as essential energy storage components. However, inconsistencies in cell characteristics and operating conditions can lead to imbalanced state of charge (SOC) levels, resulting in reduced capacity and accelerated degradation. This study presents an active cell balancing method optimized for both charging and discharging scenarios, aiming to equalize SOC across cells and improve overall pack performance.

Integrated approach for estimating climate change impacts on CO sink capacity of inland waterbodies using hydrodynamic modelling and GIS analysis.

As one of their key regulatory ecosystem functions, inland lakes serve as CO sinks. The CO sink capacity of inland lakes depends on their water temperature and salinity as well as their water volume which are all highly sensitive to climate conditions. This paper aims to quantitatively estimate the change in the CO sink capacity of Wadi El-Rayan Lakes under climate change scenarios.

Enhancing the growth and essential oil components of Lavandula latifolia using Malva parviflora extract and humic acid as biostimulants in a field experiment.

Natural extracts as biostimulants have the potential to enhance the productivity and growth of many medicinal and aromatic plants. This study aimed to enhance the growth, and essential oil (EO) content, as well as composition of Lavandula latifolia Medik. by using Malva parviflora L.

Novel sustainable biodiesel production from low-grade oleic acid via esterification catalyzed by characterized crystalline ZrO/AlO.

The depletion of fossil fuels and growing environmental concerns necessitate the exploration of renewable energy sources. Biodiesel, a promising alternative fuel derived from sustainable feedstock, has attracted considerable attention. This study investigates the catalytic esterification of oleic acid, a readily available fatty acid, with ethanol for biodiesel production using a novel heterogeneous catalyst, ZrO/AlO.

Evaluation of the antibacterial and antibiofilm effect of mycosynthesized silver and selenium nanoparticles and their synergistic effect with antibiotics on nosocomial bacteria.

Background: The healthcare sector faces a growing threat from the rise of highly resistant microorganisms, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR P. aeruginosa). Facing the challenge of antibiotic resistance, nanoparticles have surfaced as promising substitutes for antimicrobial therapy.

Unveiling the potential of spirulina algal extract as promising antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: in vitro and in vivo study.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a severe risk to global public health, necessitating the immediate development of novel therapeutic strategies. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the green algae Arthrospira maxima (commercially known as Spirulina) both in vitro and in vivo against carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae.

Current status and innovative developments of CAR-T-cell therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.

Breast cancer will overtake all other cancers in terms of diagnoses in 2024. Breast cancer counts highest among women in terms of cancer incidence and death rates. Innovative treatment approaches are desperately needed because treatment resistance brought on by current clinical drugs impedes therapeutic efficacy.

Full-length genome reveals genetic diversity and extensive recombination patterns of Saudi GI-1 and GI-23 genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus.

Background: Despite numerous genetic studies on Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV), many strains from the Middle East remain misclassified or unclassified. Genotype 1 (GI-1) is found globally, while genotype 23 (GI-23) has emerged as the predominant genotype in the Middle East region, evolving continuously through inter- and intra-genotypic recombination. The GI-23 genotype is now enzootic in Europe and Asia.

Comparison between relining of ill-fitted maxillary complete denture versus CAD/CAM milling of new one regarding patient satisfaction, denture retention and adaptation.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare different treatment modalities to correct ill-fitted maxillary complete denture either by the conventional relining method or by scanning the relining impression and digitally construct a new denture regarding patient satisfaction, denture retention, and adaptation.

Materials And Methods: Twelve edentulous patients suffering from loose maxillary complete dentures were selected, dentures' borders and fitting surfaces were prepared, and relining impressions were taken, the impressions were scanned and the STL files were used for CAD/CAM milling ( computer aided designing/ computer aided manufacturing) of new maxillary dentures (Group A), then the relining impression went through the conventional laboratory steps to fabricate (Group B) maxillary dentures. Both groups were evaluated regarding patient satisfaction by a specially designed questionnaire, retention values were measured by a digital force gauge at denture insertion appointment and two weeks later, geomagic software was used to evaluate dentures adaptation to oral tissues.

Norepinephrine titration in patients with sepsis-induced encephalopathy: cerebral pulsatility index compared to mean arterial pressure guided protocol: randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although surviving sepsis campaign (SSC) guidelines are the standard for sepsis and septic shock management, outcomes are still unfavourable. Given that perfusion pressure in sepsis is heterogeneous among patients and within the same patient; we evaluated the impact of individualized hemodynamic management via the transcranial Doppler (TCD) pulsatility index (PI) on mortality and outcomes among sepsis-induced encephalopathy (SIE) patients.

Methods: In this prospective, single-center randomized controlled study, 112 patients with SIE were randomly assigned.

Fracture resistance and marginal fit of three different overlay designs using advanced zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate CAD/CAM material.

Background: Conservative dentistry introduced modern restoration designs, contributing to the greater use of partial-coverage ceramic restorations. New strong bondable ceramic materials made fabricating partial coverage ceramic restorations easier to restore the badly destructed teeth.

Aim Of The Study: This study investigated the impact of three distinct overlay preparation designs on the marginal fit (both before and after thermal aging) and the fracture resistance of overlay restorations fabricated using advanced zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate (ALD) CAD/CAM glass-ceramic blocks.

A new sensor-less voltage and frequency control of stand-alone DFIG based dead-beat direct-rotor flux control-experimental validation.

The paper presents a new sensor-less voltage and frequency control method for a stand-alone doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) feeding an isolated load. The proposed control approach directly regulates the magnitude and angle of the rotor-flux vector rather than controlling rotor currents or voltages as in classic field oriented control (FOC). To accurately regulate the magnitude and frequency of stator voltage, two separate closed-loop based PI regulators are employed to evaluate the reference signals of the rotor flux vector magnitude and angle, respectively.

Chemopreventive effect of Pistacia vera leaf extract against Mammary Carcinoma Induced by Dimethyl-Benz(a)anthracene in vivo and in vitro: potential role of antioxidant, antiinflammatory and immune mechanisms.

This study aimed to define the antitumor effect of ethanolic extract of Pistacia vera leaves (PEE) toward breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo using dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast tumor in adult female rats. PEE showed a potent antioxidant effect toward both DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radicals with IC values of 72.6 and 107.

Development and Application of a Polycationic Soybean Protein-Based Flocculant for Enhanced Flocculation and Dewatering of Dairy Manure.

In agricultural and waste management systems, dairy manure wastewater is often recycled for irrigation. However, a key challenge lies in handling suspended solids (SS) and effectively dewatering sludge. To address this, an innovative polycationic soybean protein-based flocculant (SPI+) was developed and applied to enhance flocculation and sludge dewatering efficiency.