Gellan Gum Enhances the Quality of Egg-Based Yoghurt by Changing the Water Phase Distribution and Improving the Gel Texture.

Egg-based yoghurt (EBY) is a novel yoghurt fermented by lactic acid bacteria with high nutritional and health values, serving as a potential alternative to milk-based yoghurt. However, the hardness, adhesiveness, and water-holding capacity of egg-based yoghurt need to be further improved. In this study, the improvement in EBY quality by gellan gum and its underlying mechanism were investigated.

The Effects of Polyphenols on Texture and Flavor of Egg Yolk: A Molecular Docking Study.

The effect of polyphenols on the texture and flavor of egg yolk hot gel (EY) was studied. Tea polyphenols (TP), rosmarinic acid (RE), and curcumin (CC) showed significant antioxidant properties during egg yolk processing and could effectively reduce lipid oxidation products (decreased by 68.9%, 76.

The Effect of Lipids on the Structure and Function of Egg Proteins in Response to Pasteurization.

In recent years, the consumption of liquid eggs has failed to meet the expectations of the public due to growing concerns regarding food safety and health. It is well known that there are interactions between the components in liquid eggs, and the interaction effect on the structure and functional properties of the proteins and antigenicity remains unclear. To investigate egg component interactions, we focused on four major egg lipids, namely phosphatidylcholine, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, as well as four major egg proteins, including ovalbumin, ovotransferrin, ovomucoid, and lysozyme.

Citric Acid Improves Egg White Protein Foaming Characteristics and Meringue 3D Printing Performance.

Meringue has limited the use of meringue for personalization because of its thermally unstable system. Citric acid (CA) enhancement of egg white protein (EWP) foaming properties is proposed for the preparation of 3D-printed meringues. The results showed that CA increased the viscosity, exposure of hydrophobic groups (79.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Australian dairy goat farmers towards the control of gastrointestinal parasites.

Background: Gastrointestinal parasites such as nematodes and coccidia are responsible for significant economic losses in the goat industry globally. An indiscriminate use of antiparasitic drugs, primarily registered for use in sheep and cattle, in goats has resulted in drug-resistant gastrointestinal parasites. Very little is known about the gastrointestinal parasite control practices used by Australian dairy goat farmers that are pivotal for achieving sustainable control of economically important parasites.

Effects of naked neck and frizzle genes on growth and egg-laying performance of chickens in the tropics in an era of climate change.

In regions characterized by tropical and subtropical climates, the elevated ambient temperatures exert adverse effects on both broiler and laying chickens, impacting their growth and egg production performance. To mitigate the challenges posed by heat stress, genetic strategies aimed at reducing feather coverage have gained prominence in hot climate areas. Among these approaches, the naked neck (Na) and frizzle (F) genes have emerged as particularly noteworthy.

Natural repeated backcrosses lead to triploidy and tetraploidy in parthenogenetic butterfly lizards (Leiolepis: Agamidae).

Obligatory parthenogenesis in vertebrates is restricted to squamate reptiles and evolved through hybridisation. Parthenogens can hybridise with sexual species, resulting in individuals with increased ploidy levels. We describe two successive hybridisations of the parthenogenetic butterfly lizards (genus Leiolepis) in Vietnam with a parental sexual species.

Absolute eosinophil count and expression analyses of cytokine genes in Haemonchus contortus resistant Malpura sheep: Role of TH1/TH2 cytokine dichotomy.

A strong Th2-type immune response against Haemonchus contortus infection in genetically resistant sheep provide immunity. The objective of present study was to correlate mean faecal egg counts (FECs), absolute eosinophil counts and Th1/Th2 gene expression in resistant (R) and susceptible (S) Malpura sheep. In spite of no anthelmintic treatment in R line, on majority of the months, mean FECs remained significantly (P < 0.

Egg reappearance periods associated with anthelmintic treatments given to horses in winter and summer over two years.

Shortened egg reappearance periods (ERP) have been seen as an early warning of anthelmintic resistance development in cyathostomins in horses. The hypothesis has been that in these instances, efficacy against egg laying adult cyathostomins remains high, but a decline in activity against later larval stages leads to the earlier resumption of egg shedding after treatment. In this study using a single herd of horses we investigated the ERP of a number of commonly used equine anthelmintics and examined whether ERP might show seasonal variation between winter and summer.

Moniezia infection in first season grazing cattle pastured in the Alps and Alpine Forelands in Bavaria, Germany.

Moniezia cestode infection of livestock is generally regarded as being of little significance. No pathology associated with Moniezia infection has been reported from cattle. The repeated diagnosis of Moniezia infection in young cattle included in six nematode control grazing studies or examined in two helminth parasite surveys conducted over the past two decades in the south of Germany stimulated analysis of this data to draw conclusions about the epidemiology of bovine Moniezia infection.

First report of anthelmintic resistance among sheep in six farms from three governorates in Jordan.

This study aimed to identify the presence of gastrointestinal nematode populations resistant to albendazole, levamisole, and ivermectin in six farms located in three regions of Jordan (Irbid, Mafraq, and Ma'an). Infected sheep (40 per farm) with at least 100 eggs per gram were randomly divided into four groups (10 animals per group). Three groups were treated with ivermectin, albendazole, or levamisole while the fourth group was used as a negative control group.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of Ascaridia galli in chickens from Minoufiya Governorate, Egypt.

Ascaridia galli causes weight loss, emaciation, anemia, decreased egg production, and sometimes, intestinal obstruction and death in birds, leading to economic losses in the poultry industry. This research aimed to record the occurrence of A. galli in free-range chickens at farmers' houses in three villages in Ashmoun City, Minoufiya Governorate, Egypt.

pH-responsive composite konjac glucomannan/xanthan gum film incorporated lysozyme fibril for the monitoring of chicken breast freshness.

A pH responsive composite film was developed by incorporating cyanidin (CY) and egg white lysozyme fibril into konjac glucomannan (KGM) and xanthan gum (XG) matrix to monitor the chicken breast freshness in this work. The physicochemical properties of the films, especially pH sensitivity, evaluated by color difference and visual color change under different pH values, were first explored. The freshness changes of chicken breast sealed with the composite films were also analyzed.

Presence and potential impact of anthropogenic nesting materials on a colonial breeding waterbird.

Despite the vital importance of wetlands globally, these habitats have increasingly received anthropogenic materials, such as plastics, which can impact the wildlife these habitats support. Despite commonly found in the nests of Eurasian spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia), the presence of such materials has never been quantified. Here, we monitored the occurrence of anthropogenic nesting materials (ANM) in spoonbill nests in the Camargue wetland in Southern France during two breeding seasons (2021-2022).

Preparation of halloysite nanotube-based monolithic column for small molecules and protein analysis.

s: This study aimed to prepare a new separation medium, silane coupling agent KH570- modified halloysite nanotube (MPS-HNT) monolithic column, with excellent separation performance for small molecular compounds and macromolecular proteins. This was prepared using the principle of redox polymerization with modified HNTs as monomers. The optimal monomer proportion was obtained by optimizing the ratio of monomer, cross-linker, and pore-forming agent, which was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and mercury intrusion.

Mathematical assessment of the role of temperature on desert locust population dynamics.

This study presents a novel non-autonomous mathematical model to explore the intricate relationship between temperature and desert locust population dynamics, considering the influence of both solitarious and gregarious phases across all life stages. The model incorporates temperature-dependent parameters for key biological processes, including egg development, hopper growth, adult maturation, and reproduction. Theoretical analysis reveals the model's capacity for complex dynamical behaviors, such as multiple stable states and backward bifurcations, suggesting the potential for sudden and unpredictable population shifts.

Detection and analysis of Serpin and RP26 specific antibodies for monitoring Schistosoma haematobium transmission.

Background: Schistosoma haematobium is the causative pathogen for urogenital schistosomiasis. To achieve progress towards schistosomiasis elimination, there is a critical need for developing highly sensitive and specific tools to monitor transmission in near-elimination settings. Although antibody detection is a promising approach, it is usually unable to discriminate active infections from past ones.

An Insect Effector Mimics Its Host Immune Regulator to Undermine Plant Immunity.

Plants activate defense machinery when infested by herbivorous insects but avoid such costs in the absence of herbivory. However, the key signaling pathway regulators underlying such flexibility and the mechanisms that insects exploit these components to disarm plant defense systems remain elusive. Here, it is reported that immune repressor 14-3-3e in rice Oryza sativa (OsGF14e) regulates immune homeostasis.

Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-nematocidal, and Computational Study of Copper(II) Complex Derived from Fluoro-substituted Schiff base Ligand.

Herein, Schiff base was synthesized via reaction between 2-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The ligand was reacted with Cu(II) salt to obtain complex. The compounds  were characterization using various techniques.

In Vitro Biochemical Control of Taenia solium and Taenia saginata Eggs.

Purpouse: The present study evaluated in vitro the action of the plant protease papain (EC 3.4.22.

Drosophila modeling to identify causative genes and reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms for primary ovarian insufficiency.

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a disease defined as a reduction in ovarian function under the age of 40 and represents the main cause of female infertility. In recent years, many genetic mutations associated with POI have been identified using high-throughput sequencing technology. However, one big challenge today is to determine the disease-causing gene associations through functional assessment.

Levels and Profile of Tetrodotoxins in Spawning (Palaeonemertea, Nemertea): Assessing the Potential Toxic Pressure on Marine Ecosystems.

The ribbon worms of the closely related species , cf. , and , representing the species complex, possess high concentrations of tetrodotoxin (TTX) and its analogues in all developmental stages from eggs to adults. It has recently been suggested that the eggs and larvae of these animals can be a source of tetrodotoxins (TTXs) for other aquatic organisms.

Newcastle Disease Virus Displaying an Ectodomain of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Elicited Robust Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Mice.

Background: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe respiratory illness in humans and currently lacks an approved vaccine. The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vector is a well-established, safe, and effective platform for vaccine development. With recent advancements in stabilizing coronavirus spike proteins to enhance their antigenicity, this study aimed to determine whether modifications to the MERS-CoV spike protein could improve its presentation on NDV particles, allowing the resulting virus to be used as an inactivated vaccine.

Eggs as Part of a Potential In Vivo Model for Studying Sea Turtle Egg Fusariosis.

The fungal pathogens and are responsible for the emerging infectious disease named sea turtle egg fusariosis (STEF). This disease affects all sea turtle species throughout the world, causing low hatching success and mass mortalities. In this study, we investigated the potential use of widely available and easy-to-handle eggs of the invasive alien red-eared slider turtle, , as part of an in vivo host model to improve our knowledge of the biological properties of the pathogens responsible of the STEF.

In Situ Gelling Dexamethasone Oromucosal Formulation: Physical Characteristics Influencing Drug Delivery.

The study focuses on the development of an in situ gelling dexamethasone (DEX) oromucosal formulation designed for the treatment of aphthous stomatitis. Three series of formulations were prepared; a first series containing DEX suspended, a second series containing DEX and, in addition, mint essential oil (EO), and a third series containing EO and DEX solubilized in propylene glycol (PG). In the composition, polymers in the role of mucoadhesive agent were interchanged (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), methyl cellulose (MC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC).