Patients with bulbar papilla and choledocholithiasis and their endoscopic management.

Background/aims: This study presents the endoscopic management of twenty-one patients with biliary stones, deformity at the duodenal bulb, and a flat shaped papilla ectopically located at duodenal bulb.

Methodology: Most of the patients were male with a mean age of 53.9 +/- 9.

Use of activated protein C has no avail in the early phase of acute pancreatitis.

Objectives: Sepsis and acute pancreatitis have similar pathogenetic mechanisms that have been implicated in the progression of multiple organ failure. Drotrecogin alfa, an analogue of endogenous protein C, reduces mortality in clinical sepsis. Our objective was to evaluate the early therapeutic effects of activated protein C (APC) in a rat model of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.