Rare case of metaplastic breast cancer in a man.

Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) in men is an extremely rare entity. MBC is typically very aggressive with a poor prognosis. In men, it has only been reported three times in the literature.

Rash and subcutaneous fat necrosis after DEB-TACE with doxorubicin.

A 73-year-old woman with hepatocellular carcinoma localised to the liver was treated with doxorubicin-loaded drug-eluting beads through transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (DEB-TACE). She developed subcutaneous, erythematous, tender nodules in her abdomen 3 days after the procedure. PET/CT scan that was done to evaluate for evidence of disease progression showed mild avidity of these nodules.

Immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer can be classified based on the expression or lack of expression of protein receptors including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth receptor 2 (Her2). The basal molecular subtype is mostly made up of breast cancers that do not express ER/PR or Her2, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) (Bertucci et al. in Int J Cancer 123(1):236, 2008).

Double-Hit Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), accounting for approximately 25% of NHL cases. It is a heterogeneous group of diseases. BCL2, BCL6, and MYC are the most frequent mutated genes in DLBCL.

Ischemic Colitis Associated with Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Combination.

A 62-year-old white female with a history of early-stage triple-negative breast cancer on a combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel in the adjuvant setting presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding. She tolerated 4 cycles of dose-dense adriamycin/cyclophosphamide with no major symptoms. After 6 cycles of weekly paclitaxel in combination with carboplatin every 3 weeks, she presented with diarrhea and lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Checkpoint inhibitors: the new treatment paradigm for urothelial bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy involving the genitourinary system (Siegel et al. in CA Cancer J Clin, 66:7-30, 2016). In the USA, it is the fifth most common cancer and approximately 79,000 new cases will be diagnosed in 2017 (Siegel et al.

Triple synchronous primary malignancies: a rare occurrence.

Triple synchronous primary malignant neoplasms are rare. The exact aetiology is unknown; however, risk factors include older age, family history, genetic aberrations, prolonged exposure to carcinogens and smoking. We describe a previously healthy 48-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass.

Chemotherapy-related acute respiratory distress syndrome in germ cell tumors: a literature review.

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are one of the more curable solid cancers in men. Approximately 8500 men are diagnosed with GCTs in the USA. The majority of patients survive due to the availability of effective treatment.

Leukemia cutis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia presenting as bilateral helical nodules.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the most common adult leukemia worldwide, is considered an indolent but incurable non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leukemia cutis is an uncommon manifestation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We present a case of an adult patient who presented with skin lesion of bilateral ears, which led to the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Timeliness of Treatment Initiation and Associated Survival Following Diagnosis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in South Carolina.

Objectives: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient survival depends on a number of factors, including early diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Standard treatment options for patients with NSCLC include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact that the initiation of timely treatment has on patient survival among a cohort of privately insured patients with NSCLC in South Carolina.

Primary Retroperitoneal Melanoma Presented in a Rare Extracutaneous Site for Malignant Melanoma.

Malignant melanoma, as the name implies, is a malignant tumor of melanocytes, found in the skin, eyes, meningeal lining and the mucosal epithelium of the aero-digestive and genitourinary tracts. Malignant melanoma is typically skin malignancy, which rarely presents at extracutaneous site. Here we present a rare case of primary retroperitoneal melanoma and review the findings in comparison with other cases described in literature.

A Case of Oncocytic Adrenocortical Neoplasm of Borderline (Uncertain) Malignant Potential.

Oncocytic neoplasms are tumors composed predominantly or exclusively of oncocytes (large polygonal cells with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm due to abnormal mitochondrial accumulation). These tumors are frequently reported in the thyroid, kidneys, and salivary glands. However, they are distinctly rare in the adrenal cortex.

Comparison of toxicity profile and tolerability between two standard of care paclitaxel-based adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in breast cancer.

In breast cancer, there are two widely used paclitaxel-based adjuvant chemotherapies, either dose dense paclitaxel (ddP) or weekly paclitaxel (wP). To our knowledge, the comparisons of toxicity and tolerability between the two regimens have never been reported in the literature. This is a retrospective single-institution charts review of breast cancer patients who were treated with paclitaxel-based chemotherapy either ddP or wP.

Assessment of the Double-Staple Technique for Esophagoenteric Anastomosis in Gastric Cancer.

Introduction: Reports on outcomes after double-staple technique (DST) for total and proximal gastrectomy are limited, originating mostly from Asian centers. Our objective was to examine anastomotic leak and stricture with DST for esophagoenteric anastomosis in gastric cancer patients.

Methods: A single institution review was performed for patients who underwent total/proximal gastrectomy with DST between 2006 and 2015.

Cancer metabolism and oxidative stress: Insights into carcinogenesis and chemotherapy via the non-dihydrofolate reductase effects of methotrexate.

Methotrexate has been in use as an anti-cancer agent for over 60 years. Though inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase is its best known mechanisms of action, its non-dihydrofolate reductase dependent mechanisms disrupt metabolic pathways resulting in a depletion of NAD(P)H and increasing oxidative stress. These mechanisms highlight a novel dependence of cancer cells on their metabolic abnormalities to buffer oxidative stress and chemotherapeutic agents interfere with these cellular abilities.

Malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast presenting with hypoglycemia: a case report and literature review.

Phyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms that account for less than 1% of all breast tumors and are typically found in middle-aged women. Phyllodes tumors that present with hypoglycemia are even rarer. No one morphologic finding is reliable in predicting the clinical behavior of this tumor.

Recent discoveries in molecular characterization of acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clinically heterogeneous disease, yet it is one of the most molecularly well-characterized cancers. Risk stratification of patients currently involves determination of the presence of cytogenetic abnormalities in combination with molecular genetic testing in a few genes. Several new recurrent genetic molecular abnormalities have recently been identified, including TET2, ASXL1, IDH1, IDH2, DNMT3A, and PHF6.

A Case of Small Cell Cancer of the Breast in a Male with Synchronous Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCC) are extremely rare. Most reports indicate success with therapy directed at the tumor as if it was pulmonary small cell carcinoma Primary small cell carcinoma of the breast is an uncommon form of EPSCC. Differentiating between a primary small cell carcinoma of the breast from metastatic disease to the breast is very important.

Frontline therapy for multiple myeloma: a concise review of the evidence based on randomized clinical trials.

The past decade has seen significant progress in the development of new and effective therapies for multiple myeloma. Stem cell transplantation and the introduction of novel agents, such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and bortezomib, have significantly improved outcomes of myeloma patients. In the current review, we analyzed the available data provided by published randomized clinical trials for the frontline therapy of myeloma patients.

Breast cancer screening update.

Breast cancer is the most common non-skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in North American women. Mammography is the only screening test shown to reduce breast cancer-related mortality. There is general agreement that screening should be offered at least biennially to women 50 to 74 years of age.

Prevention of breast cancer (Part II): risk reduction strategies.

Until recently, the best protection against breast cancer mortality was early diagnosis through mammographic screening. However, the possibility that breast cancer in some cases can be prevented has come to light over the past 30 years. Various risk reduction strategies of breast cancer have been explored including lifestyle modification, prophylactic surgeries, and the use of chemopreventive agents.

Prevention of breast cancer (part I): epidemiology, risk factors, and risk assessment tools.

Advances in breast cancer research have led to declining death rates from this disease because of early detection through mammographic screening and improved therapy for breast cancer. The concept that breast cancer, in some cases, can be prevented has been explored over the last three decades. This article, part I of a two-part series, will focus on the epidemiology, the risk factors associated with breast cancer, and the available risk assessment tools, which can help define who should be considered for risk reduction strategies.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic simple prostatectomy: an alternative minimal invasive approach for prostate adenoma.

To substantiate robotic-assisted laparoscopic simple prostatectomy (RLSP) as an alternative minimal invasive approach for the treatment of prostatic adenoma. Retrospective chart review performed with institutional review board (IRB) approval. Demographic and clinical data were collected on 15 men between May 2007 and October 2009 who underwent RLSP for urinary retention secondary to benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and complicated by significant median lobe hypertrophy, bladder diverticula and/or stones.