Exploring the Relationship between Built Environment Attributes and Physical Activity in Lower-Income Aging Adults: Preliminary Insights from a Multi-Level Trial.

The built environment has been linked to physical activity (PA) behaviors, yet there is limited knowledge of this association among lower-income midlife and older adults who are insufficiently active. The present cross-sectional study utilized baseline data collected between October 2017 and November 2019 from a clustered randomized controlled trial to determine how built environment attributes were associated with PA behaviors among midlife and older adults (n = 255) residing in or near affordable housing sites (n = 10). At each site, perceptions of the built environment were collected and scored at the participant level via the abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Survey (NEWS-A), while objective built environment attributes were measured and scored by trained research staff using the Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA).

Impact of distinct cognitive domains on gait variability in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Background: Gait variability is a common feature in neurodegenerative diseases and has been linked to cognitive impairment. Despite this link, the influence of specific cognitive domains, such as memory, visual spatial skills, executive function, and verbal function on gait variability is not well-understood.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of these specific cognitive domains on gait variability in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia during preferred and dual task walking.

Youth-friendly services was the magic: Experiences of adolescent girls and young women in the community PrEP study, South Africa.

Adherence to daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention has been challenging for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). As part of The Community PrEP Study (CPS), AGYW were randomised to HIV-prevention empowerment counselling (intervention) or basic medication pick-up (control). In this qualitative sub-study, we interviewed AGYW participants ( = 39) to explore PrEP use and study experiences by study arm, and study staff ( = 7) to explore study implementation, site environment, and participant engagement.

Frailty and depressive symptoms in older kidney transplant recipients: opportunities for collaboration between transplant nephrologists and geriatricians.

Background: Frailty is one of the key syndromes in geriatric medicine and an important factor for post-transplant outcomes. We aimed to describe the prevalence of frailty and examine the correlates of frailty and depressive symptoms in older kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 112 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) aged 70 and above.

Social Safety for Black Women in Perinatal Health Care: A Concept Analysis.

Introduction: Non-Hispanic Black women and their infants experience the worst pregnancy-related outcomes in the United States. Social safety is a health-relevant resource found in environments communicating safety, connectedness, inclusion, and protection. Approaches promoting social safety may be particularly relevant to preventing adverse perinatal health outcomes among Black women.

The next frontier: utilizing eLearning as an innovative approach to advance and sustain interprofessionalism.

The challenges to sustaining interprofessional education (IPE) are numerous and well-documented. These challenges include crowded curricula, scheduling conflicts, lack of physical space, faculty availability, and financial considerations. In turn, IPE is often viewed and treated as an add-on rather than an integral part of healthcare education, leading to sporadic implementation and vulnerability to institutional changes.

Awareness, willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis, and use of post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men in Mexico.

Background: Little is known about awareness and willingness to use or purchase HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Mexico.

Methods: MSM in Mexico were recruited via advertisements on online social venues to participate in Encuesta de Sexo Entre Hombres, an online behavioral survey. Awareness of PrEP, willingness to take PrEP if available for free, willingness to purchase PrEP, awareness of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and ever PEP use were assessed in descriptive and multivariate analyses.

Biobehavior Life Regulation (BLR) scale for living well in chronic pain: Preliminary scale development and validation.

Currently available pain assessment scales focus on pain-related symptoms and limitations imposed by pain. Validated assessment tools that measure how pain is regulated by those who live well with pain are missing. This study seeks to fill this gap by describing the development and preliminary validation of the Biobehavior Life Regulation (BLR) scale.

Evacuation and Health Care Outcomes Among Assisted Living Residents After Hurricane Irma.

Importance: Evacuation has been found to be associated with adverse outcomes among nursing home residents during hurricanes, but the outcomes for assisted living (AL) residents remain unknown.

Objective: To examine the association between evacuation and health care outcomes (ie, emergency department visits, hospitalizations, mortality, and nursing home visits) among Florida AL residents exposed to Hurricane Irma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective cohort study using 2017 Medicare claims data.

Shared Activities as a Protective Factor Against Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia and Caregiver Stress.

Background And Objectives: Most persons with dementia experience behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD). While there is evidence that structured activity programs can be beneficial for persons with dementia and their caregivers, it is not well understood how joint engagement in shared activities affects BPSD and caregiver stress. The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of doing a shared activity on the BPSD and caregiver stress.

Sex-specific associations between childhood trauma and adult systemic inflammation in daily life.

Objective: Childhood trauma may contribute to lifelong health through chronic systemic inflammation. However, associations between childhood trauma and inflammation are mixed, indicating that distinct types of childhood trauma may relate to inflammation differently. Moreover, most studies use a single assessment of inflammatory markers that may not reliably estimate stable interindividual differences.

Preliminary Efficacy of a Web-Based Alcohol and Emotion Regulation Intervention on Sexual Risk Behaviors Among College Women.

Objective: Using substances before sex may affect sexual decision-making among young women and increase their risk for a variety of negative consequences, including sexual victimization, sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancies. A brief, web-based intervention combining alcohol reduction strategies with emotion regulation skills demonstrated initial efficacy at reducing heavy drinking and improving emotion regulation abilities among college women with sexual victimization histories. The present study represents a secondary analysis of this intervention to evaluate its preliminary efficacy in reducing sexual risk behaviors, specifically alcohol and other drug use before sex.

Socially-supported sleep in older adults aged 50 and older: a concept analysis.

Introduction: The population of older adults is growing disproportionately, constituting 13% of the global population in 2022, and is expected to double by 2050. One of public health's priorities is healthy aging, the maintenance of functional ability aligned with well-being. As many as 50% of older adults report poor sleep quality, leading to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.

Clusters of 24-hour movement behavior and diet and their relationship with health indicators among youth: a systematic review.

Movement-related behaviors (physical activity [PA], sedentary behavior [SB], and sleep) and diet interact with each other and play important roles in health indicators in youth. This systematic review aimed to investigate how PA, SB, sleep, and diet cluster in youth by biological sex; and to examine which cluster are associated with health indicators. This study was registered in PROSPERO (number: CRD42018094826).

Evidence Map of Non-Pharmacological Dementia Care Partner Interventions Implemented in the US: Gaps and Impact Opportunities.

There are 200+ tested interventions for care partners (family, friends, and fictive kin) of people living with dementia (PLWD). But these interventions do not systematically cover relevant settings. Nor do these interventions affect all relevant outcomes that matter to people and healthcare systems.

Implications and Lessons Learned While Using Social Media Advertisements to Promote Longitudinal Social Network Study Participation in Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men (LMSM): A Brief Report.

We assess the effectiveness of paid ads on social media platforms as a research recruitment tool with Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM). We deployed four paid ad campaigns July-September 2022 in English and Spanish on Meta and Grindr featuring happy or risqué images of LMSM, documenting engagement and cost metrics. The four campaigns generated a total of 1,893,738 impressions and 1078 clicks (0.

Reflections on Several Landmark Advances in Circadian Biology.

Circadian Biology intersects with diverse scientific domains, intricately woven into the fabric of organismal physiology and behavior. The rhythmic orchestration of life by the circadian clock serves as a focal point for researchers across disciplines. This retrospective examination delves into several of the scientific milestones that have fundamentally shaped our contemporary understanding of circadian rhythms.

Timely Questions Emerging in Chronobiology: The Circadian Clock Keeps on Ticking.

Chronobiology investigations have revealed much about cellular and physiological clockworks but we are far from having a complete mechanistic understanding of the physiological and ecological implications. Here we present some unresolved questions in circadian biology research as posed by the editorial staff and guest contributors to the Journal of Circadian Rhythms. This collection of ideas is not meant to be comprehensive but does reveal the breadth of our observations on emerging trends in chronobiology and circadian biology.

Correlates of SuperAging in Two Population-Based Samples of Hispanic Older Adults.

Objectives: "SuperAgers" are generally defined as people 80+ years old with episodic memory performance comparable to those 20 years younger. Limited knowledge exists to describe characteristics of SuperAgers, with even less known about Hispanic SuperAgers.

Methods: We examined indicators of cognitive, physical, and psychological resilience in relation to the likelihood of being a SuperAger using data from 2 population-based studies of Hispanic older adults (Puerto Rican Elderly: Health Conditions [PREHCO] Study; Health and Retirement Study [HRS]).

Alcohol Expectancies for Sexual Enhancement, Event-Level Alcohol Use, and Likelihood of Sexual Aggression Perpetration: A Timeline Followback Approach.

Sexual aggression (SA) is a significant public health problem, with the majority of SA involving alcohol. The present study examined associations between alcohol expectancies for sexual enhancement, event-level alcohol use, and the likelihood of SA perpetration. Young, adult non-problem drinking men participated in a laboratory session and completed a background survey that included measures of alcohol expectancies.

Perceived Balance, Balance Performance, and Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study.

To examine the extent to which older adults' perceived balance, a balance performance test, and fear of falling (FOF) were associated with falls in the last month. The Health Belief Model served as the theoretical framework. A retrospective, cross-sectional, secondary analysis using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study was conducted ( = 7499).

Associations of Infant Feeding, Sleep, and Weight Gain with the Toddler Gut Microbiome.

This study examines how feeding, sleep, and growth during infancy impact the gut microbiome (GM) in toddlers. The research was conducted on toddlers ( = 36), born to Latina women of low-income with obesity. Their mothers completed retrospective feeding and sleeping questionnaires at 1, 6, and 12 months; at 36 months, fecal samples were collected.

Trauma- and Violence-Informed Empowering Care for Sexual Assault Survivors.

Background: Forensic nurse examiners, including sexual assault nurse examiners, provide care for survivors holistically through healthcare, emotional support, connection to follow-up care, safety planning, and, if desired, evidence collection to aid in the prosecution of sexual assault. There is increasing recognition that trauma-informed care must also include an understanding of the impacts of structural violence on minoritized patients to ensure health equity.

Aim: To help address this guidance gap, we expanded Campbell and colleagues' empowering care model using a trauma- and violence-informed care (TVIC) lens.

The Impact of Monetary Incentives on Delay Discounting Within a Year-Long Physical Activity Intervention.

Background: Delay discounting is the depreciation in a reward's perceived value as a function of the time until receipt. Monetary incentive programs that provide rewards contingent on meeting daily physical activity (PA) goals may change participants' delay discounting preferences.

Purpose: Determine if monetary incentives provided in close temporal proximity to meeting PA goals changed delay discounting, and if such changes mediated intervention effects.