Risk factors for overtaking, rear-end, and door crashes involving bicycles in the United Kingdom: Revisited and reanalysed.

Background And Objective: Relevant research has provided valuable insights into risk factors for bicycle crashes at intersections. However, few studies have focused explicitly on three common types of bicycle crashes on road segments: overtaking, rear-end, and door crashes. This study aims to identify risk factors for overtaking, rear-end, and door crashes that occur on road segments.

Implementing digital respiratory technologies for people with respiratory conditions: A protocol for a scoping review.

The value of 'data-enabled', digital healthcare is evolving rapidly, as demonstrated in the COVID-19 pandemic, and its successful implementation remains complex and challenging. Harmonisation (within/between healthcare systems) of infrastructure and implementation strategies has the potential to promote safe, equitable and accessible digital healthcare, but guidance for implementation is lacking. Using respiratory technologies as an example, our scoping review process will capture and review the published research between 12th December 2013 to 12th December 2023.

A model of occupational stress to assess impact of COVID-19 on critical care and redeployed nurses: a mixed-methods study.

Objective: To use the job demands-resources model of occupational stress to quantify and explain the impact of working in critical care during the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses and their employing organisation.

Design: Two-phase mixed methods: a cross-sectional survey (January 2021-March 2022), with comparator baseline data from April to October 2018 (critical care nurses only), and semistructured interviews.

Participants: Critical care nurses ( = 461) and nurses redeployed to critical care ( = 200) who worked in the United Kingdom National Health Service (primarily Scotland) between January 2021 and March 2022.

A 16-week progressive exercise training intervention in treatment-naïve chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a randomised-controlled pilot study.

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) typically presents with asymptomatic, early-stage disease that is monitored until disease progression ('treatment-naïve' CLL). The objective of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility and preliminary safety of an exercise program in treatment-naïve CLL. We also sought to preliminarily assess the impact of the exercise program on disease activity, as it has been proposed that exercise training may reduce disease outgrowth in treatment-naïve CLL.

Nicotinic acid improves mitochondrial function and associated transcriptional pathways in older inactive males.

Objectives: To examine the effect of the NAD precursor, nicotinic acid (NA), for improving skeletal muscle status in sedentary older people.

Methods: In a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled design, 18 sedentary yet otherwise healthy older (65-75 y) males were assigned to 2-weeks of NA (acipimox; 250 mg × 3 daily, n=8) or placebo (PLA, n=10) supplementation. At baseline, and after week 1 and week 2 of supplementation, a battery of functional, metabolic, and molecular readouts were measured.

Complex PTSD and identification with the aggressor among survivors of childhood abuse.

Background: Childhood abuse (CA) is a risk factor for trauma-related disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). This severe form of interpersonal trauma may result in "identification with the aggressor" (IWA), in which the individual may take on the beliefs, perspectives, and behaviors of the perpetrator. Although previous evidence suggests that IWA may be particularly related to CPTSD as compared to PTSD, there has been no study that investigated this hypothesis.

Clinical and Psychological Factors Associated with Frailty in Patients with Heart Failure.

: Heart failure (HF) is a significant public health issue with high morbidity and mortality rates. This study aims to investigate the interrelationships between frailty, cognitive impairment, and depression in older adults with HF, specifically focusing on how the physical and neuropsychiatric dimensions of frailty contribute to cognitive decline. : This study included 250 patients aged 60 years or older, diagnosed with HF and hospitalized for acute decompensated HF.

Livestock abortion surveillance in Tanzania reveals disease priorities and importance of timely collection of vaginal swab samples for attribution.

Lack of data on the aetiology of livestock diseases constrains effective interventions to improve livelihoods, food security and public health. Livestock abortion is an important disease syndrome affecting productivity and public health. Several pathogens are associated with livestock abortions but across Africa surveillance data rarely include information from abortions, little is known about aetiology and impacts, and data are not available to inform interventions.

Workflow evaluation of environmental contamination with hazardous drugs during compounding and administration in an UK hospital.

Introduction: Exposure of healthcare workers to hazardous drugs may result in adverse health effects underscoring the importance of validating working procedures and safety precautions to minimise the risk. The objective was to monitor environmental contamination caused by the hazardous drug workflow: from drug vials, compounding process, to patient administration.

Methods: Surface wipe samples were collected from potentially contaminated surfaces in the compounding department and in the administration department.

The potential virulence of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from fresh produce processing facilities as determined by an invertebrate Galleria mellonella model.

Listeria monocytogenes, a bacterium responsible for listeriosis, is an environmental and food-borne pathogen that poses a particular risk to pregnant women and the elderly. While traditionally associated with animal products, ready-to-eat salads are increasingly recognised as a source of Listeria outbreaks. However, little is known about the potential virulence of Listeria isolates from the fresh produce environment.

Development and evaluation of an ovarian hormone profile classification tool for female athletes: step one of a two-step process to determine ovarian hormone profiles.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a reliable, comprehensive and fit-for-purpose tool for classifying ovarian hormone profiles (OHPs) (step one of a two-step process) in postmenarcheal to perimenopausal female athletes.

Methods: The OHP classification tool was designed by a team of sport scientists, practitioners and medics and is intended for use by sport practitioners. It incorporates self-reported data and guides subsequent verification methods.

Exploring patients' views regarding the support and rehabilitation needs of people living with myocardial ischaemia and no obstructive coronary arteries: a qualitative interview study.

Objectives: This study aimed to generate new qualitative insights to understand the rehabilitation needs of people living with a confirmed or presumed diagnosis of ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA), explore which aspects of current cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programmes could meet the needs of people with INOCA and where adjustments (if any) may be appropriate.

Design: Semistructured qualitative interview study.

Participants: Interviews were undertaken (n=17; 88% female, age range 31-69 years) with people with a confirmed or presumed diagnosis of INOCA.

Early mental health intervention and supported self-care for LGBTQ+ young people in the UK: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer/questioning, plus young people have a higher risk of poor mental health in comparison to cisgendered heterosexual young people, and they underutilise mental health services and support. In addition, there is a paucity of research conducted in United Kingdom examining mental health early intervention provision for lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer/questioning, plus young people.

Objectives: To produce a model of what works for early intervention mental health support for lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer/questioning, plus young people and increase understanding of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer/questioning, plus young people's access to, navigation of, and engagement with mental health support.

Artificial intelligence enabled smart mask for speech recognition for future hearing devices.

In recent years, Lip-reading has emerged as a significant research challenge. The aim is to recognise speech by analysing Lip movements. The majority of Lip-reading technologies are based on cameras and wearable devices.

Translation and validation of the Polish-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) and its relationship to the type of delivery and the baby's Apgar score.

Background: Maternal birth experience is being increasingly recognised as a key clinical outcome parameter. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) is a short self-report measure designed to assess birth experience. The current investigation sought to translate the BSS-R into Polish and validate this version of the BSS-R (PL-BSS-R).

Comparing talent development environments of girls and boys in handball and ice hockey in Norway.

Currently, there is little research on successful talent development environments (TDEs) focusing on women and girls. In response, the main aim of the present study was to compare TDEs of age-specific national teams for girls and boys in the Norwegian context (N = 216: 92 girls and 124 boys). Gender differences were investigated in the two different sports of handball and ice hockey, which in the Norwegian context represent more and less successful sports (handball and ice hockey, respectively).

How to improve the perceived health, comfort, and well-being of primary school teachers? A quantitative self-reported survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland.

Teachers are among the most stressed professionals, for whom the built environment has an influence. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the pressure on schools, where enhanced ventilation is deemed essential to help reduce virus-laden particles in classrooms. Good Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is required to maintain an adequate level of comfort, health, and well-being.

A new computational model for quantifying blood flow dynamics across myogenically-active cerebral arterial networks.

Cerebral autoregulation plays a key physiological role by limiting blood flow changes in the face of pressure fluctuations. Although the involved cellular processes are mechanically driven, the quantification of haemodynamic forces in in-vivo settings remains extremely difficult and uncertain. In this work, we propose a novel computational framework for evaluating the blood flow dynamics across networks of myogenically active cerebral arteries, which can modulate their muscular tone to stabilize flow (and perfusion pressure) as well as to limit vascular intramural stress.

An ultra-endurance event leads to changes in circulating regulatory T-cells, CD4+ naïve and CD8+ effector memory T-cells in the 48 h post-race recovery period.

Purpose: Exercise is known to acutely affect T-lymphocyte populations in the peripheral blood, which is intensity- and duration-dependent. However, effects of longer duration endurance exercise (>5 h) on T-cells in the days following are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the circulating T-cell changes that occur in response to an ultra-endurance event, which may provide insight into the inflammatory response to ultra-endurance exercise.

A Novel Multi-Sensor Nonlinear Tightly-Coupled Framework for Composite Robot Localization and Mapping.

Composite robots often encounter difficulties due to changes in illumination, external disturbances, reflective surface effects, and cumulative errors. These challenges significantly hinder their capabilities in environmental perception and the accuracy and reliability of pose estimation. We propose a nonlinear optimization approach to overcome these issues to develop an integrated localization and navigation framework, IIVL-LM (IMU, Infrared, Vision, and LiDAR Fusion for Localization and Mapping).