A One Health Perspective on Multidrug Resistance Amongst Iberian Exotic Pet Owners.

Understanding owners' realities and perceptions may be crucial to helping veterinarians be more effective in their daily work. Noticing the lack of publications in this area, specifically on exotic pets, prompted us to gather insights into non-traditional companion animal owners. A survey was conducted, resulting in 541 respondents from Portugal and Spain.

Protective Efficacy of Decreasing Antigen Doses of a Subcellular Vaccine Against Ovine Enzootic Abortion in a Pregnant Sheep Challenge Model.

Background/objective: , the cause of ovine enzootic abortion, is a zoonotic bacterial pathogen and one of the most infectious causes of foetal death in sheep worldwide. Although the disease can be controlled using commercial inactivated and live whole-organism vaccines, there are issues with both, particularly concerning efficacy and safety. Recently, we have described the development of a new COMC (chlamydial outer membrane complex) vaccine based on a detergent-extracted outer membrane protein preparation of the pathogen, which can be delivered in a single inoculation and is both efficacious and safe.

"Beyond the Finish Line" the Epidemiology of Injury and Illness in Professional Cycling: Insights from a Year-Long Prospective Study.

Injury and illness rates within cycling are a growing concern for riders, medical personnel, and event organisers. This study is the first to document injury and illness rates in professional cyclists throughout one competitive season including training and racing. A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted with 47 professional cyclists (30 males and 17 females) over the 2024 season (1 November 2023-31 October 2024).

A Comparative Review of Alternative Fucoidan Extraction Techniques from Seaweed.

Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide found in brown seaweed. Due to its reported biological activities, including antiviral, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, it has garnered significant attention for potential biomedical applications. However, the direct relationship between fucoidan extracts' chemical structures and bioactivities is unclear, making it extremely challenging to predict whether an extract will possess a given bioactivity.

Inflammatory Monocytes Are Rapidly Recruited to the Post-Ischaemic Liver in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation and Cytokines Associated with Their Activation Correlate with Graft Outcomes.

Liver ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following liver transplantation and resection. CD4+ T cells have been shown to play a key role in murine models; however, there is currently a lack of data that support their role in human patients. Data on clinical outcomes and complications were documented prospectively in 28 patients undergoing first elective liver transplant surgery.

Aerodynamic and Inertial Loading Effects of Insect-Inspired Appendages in Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.

Insects enhance aerodynamic flight control using the dynamic movement of their appendages, aiding in balance, stability, and manoeuvrability. Although biologists have observed these behaviours, the phenomena have not been expressed in a unified mathematical flight dynamics framework. For instance, relevant existing models tend to disregard either the aerodynamic or the inertial effects of the appendages of insects, such as the abdomen, based on the assumption that appendage dynamic effects dominate in comparison to aerodynamic effects, or that appendages are stationary.

Diffusion weighted imaging to predict longer term response in Crohn's disease patients commencing biological therapy: Results from the MOTILITY Trial.

Objectives: Predicting longer term response to biological therapy for small bowel Crohn's disease (SBCD) is an unmet clinical need. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) may indicate disease activity, but its predictive ability, if any, is unknown. We investigated the prognostic value of DWI for one year response or remission (RoR) in SBCD patients commencing biologic therapy, including incremental value over C-reactive protein (CRP) and faecal calprotectin (FC).

Efficacy of spray flushing in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes.

This article comments on the article by Du , who conducted a randomized controlled trial aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of a novel spray flushing system in cleaning flexible endoscopes while minimizing damage to the working channels. We share our perspective on the importance of improving endoscope reprocessing methods. The findings highlight the spray flushing system's capacity to improve cleaning efficacy while minimizing damage, suggesting that it might be important in enhancing endoscope reprocessing procedures.

Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) science: Probing the transient and time-variable sky.

The study of transient and variable events, including novae, active galactic nuclei, and black hole binaries, has historically been a fruitful path for elucidating the evolutionary mechanisms of our universe. The study of such events in the millimeter and submillimeter is, however, still in its infancy. Submillimeter observations probe a variety of materials, such as optically thick dust, which are hard to study in other wavelengths.

Developing and validating the Sierra Leone perinatal psychological distress scale through an emic-etic approach.

Background: Addressing perinatal psychological distress in Sierra Leone faces challenges due to the lack of culturally appropriate assessment tools, despite recent WHO recommendations for screening during the pre- and postpartum periods. While high-income countries use tools like the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale or Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), their cross-cultural validity and efficacy in developing countries are uncertain. The aim of this study was to address this gap by developing a functional assessment tool, culturally appropriate screening tool for perinatal psychological distress, and validate it with the PHQ-9.

Outcomes in stage IIA versus stage IIB/III in the PALLAS trial [ABCSG-42/AFT-05/PrE0109/BIG-14-13]).

Background: The PALLAS trial investigated the addition of palbociclib to standard adjuvant endocrine therapy to reduce breast cancer recurrence. This pre-specified analysis was conducted to determine whether adjuvant palbociclib benefited patients diagnosed with lower risk stage IIA disease compared to those with higher stage disease.

Methods: PALLAS was an international, multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III trial, representing a public-private partnership between Pfizer, the Austrian Breast Cancer Study Group, and the U.

Effects of genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of HuR on gene expression, iron metabolism, and hormone levels.

Background: HuR/ELAV1, a ubiquitous RNA-binding protein, belongs to the RNA-binding protein family and is crucial for stabilizing and regulating the translation of various mRNA targets, influencing gene expression. Elevated HuR levels are associated with multiple disorders, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the identification of small molecule inhibitors targeting HuR, their detailed characterization remains limited.

Osteology and functional morphology of a transitional pterosaur Dearc sgiathanach from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of Scotland.

Pterosaurs were the first vertebrates to evolve active flight. The lack of many well-preserved pterosaur fossils limits our understanding of the functional anatomy and behavior of these flight pioneers, particularly from their early history (Triassic to Middle Jurassic). Here we describe in detail the osteology of an exceptionally preserved Middle Jurassic pterosaur, the holotype of Dearc sgiathanach from the Isle of Skye, Scotland.

Associations of inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities on brain MRI with cerebral small vessel disease, cognitive function, and depression symptoms.

Inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities (IFSH) observed on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI have been proposed as indicators of elevated cerebrospinal fluid waste accumulation in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). However, to validate IFSH as a reliable imaging biomarker, further replication studies are required. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between IFSH and CSVD, and their potential repercussions, i.

A multi-spectral and hyperspectral image dataset for evaluating chemical traits and the water status of avocado, olive and grape through leaf dehydration under laboratory conditions.

Assessing the health status of vegetation is of vital importance for all stakeholders. Multi-spectral and hyper-spectral imaging systems are tools for evaluating the health of vegetation in laboratory settings, and also hold the potential of assessing vegetation of large portions of land. However, the literature lacks benchmark datasets to test algorithms for predicting plant health status, with most researchers creating tailored datasets.

Quantile regression of tobacco tax pass-through in the UK 2017-2021: how have manufacturers passed through tax changes for different tobacco products in small retailers? Analysis at the national level and by neighbourhood of deprivation.

Background: The effectiveness of tax increases in reducing tobacco consumption relies on the tobacco retailers and producers passing on increases to consumers (tax pass-through). Previous UK research on supermarkets found heterogeneous levels of tax pass-through across the market segments and price distribution of tobacco products. This study uses data from small retailers across the UK to assess whether recent tax changes have been passed on to consumers and if this varies across the price distribution, between countries of the UK and by neighbourhood deprivation.

At early stages of heart development, the first and second heart fields are a continuum of lateral head mesoderm-derived, cardiogenic cells.

Pioneering work in the chicken established that the initial development of the heart consists of two stages: the quick assembly of a beating heart, followed by the recruitment of cells from adjacent tissues to deliver the mature in-and outflow tract. Cells to build the primitive heart were dubbed the first heart field (FHF) cells, cells to be recruited later the second heart field (SHF) cells. The current view is that these cells represent distinct, maybe even pre-determined lineages.

Association between adverse perinatal events and postpartum depressive symptoms in a North American prospective preconception cohort study.

Background: Identifying risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) is critical to inform early intervention efforts. This study investigated the impact of adverse perinatal events on PPD.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO), a North American prospective preconception cohort study.

A cross-country network analysis of disease infodemics: Looking through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Infodemics surrounding pandemics and epidemics have persisted for centuries and continue to impede efforts to promote high vaccination coverage. We explored the complex interplay between COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and COVID-19-related infodemics across Germany, Ghana, India, and New Zealand using the novel network analysis. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey and recruited 1822 participants from the general populations of India (n = 411), New Zealand (n = 413), Ghana (n = 523), and Germany (n = 413) to complete COVID-19 infodemic measures and demographics questions.

Plug-and-play myoelectric control via a self-calibrating random forest common model.

Objective: Electromyographic (EMG) signals show large variabilities over time due to factors such as electrode shifting, user behaviour variations, etc., substantially degrading the performance of myoelectric control models in long-term use. Previously one-time model calibration was usually required each time before usage.

Talking about trauma: A systematic review of young people's reactions to trauma-focused research.

Concerns persist about the potential negative impact of asking young people about their trauma experiences in a research context. Previous research on this ethical issue has focused on adult populations, and the limited evidence for young people has limitations. This systematic review synthesised empirical evidence of young people's reactions to trauma-focused research, and associated participant and study characteristics.

The Multimorbidity Questionnaire (MMQ1): English translation and validation of a Danish patient reported outcome measure for quality of life in people with multiple long-term conditions in a cross-sectional survey.

Purpose: MMQ1 is a Danish-language patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for quality of life (QOL) in people with multiple long-term conditions (MLTC). It measures needs-based QOL across six scales: Physical ability, Concerns and worries, Limitations in daily life, Social life, Personal finances and Self-image. There is currently no such measure available in English.