A novel prediction score determining individual clinical outcome 3 months after juvenile stroke (PREDICT-score).

Background: Juvenile strokes (< 55 years) account for about 15% of all ischemic strokes. Structured data on clinical outcome in those patients are sparse. Here, we aimed to fill this gap by systematically collecting relevant data and modeling a juvenile stroke prediction score for the 3-month functional outcome.

Rapid Detection of Cleanliness on Direct Bonded Copper Substrate by Using UV Hyperspectral Imaging.

In the manufacturing process of electrical devices, ensuring the cleanliness of technical surfaces, such as direct bonded copper substrates, is crucial. An in-line monitoring system for quality checking must provide sufficiently resolved lateral data in a short time. UV hyperspectral imaging is a promising in-line method for rapid, contactless, and large-scale detection of contamination; thus, UV hyperspectral imaging (225-400 nm) was utilized to characterize the cleanliness of direct bonded copper in a non-destructive way.

BCL-2 and BOK regulate apoptosis by interaction of their C-terminal transmembrane domains.

The Bcl-2 family controls apoptosis by direct interactions of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. The principle mechanism is binding of the BH3 domain of pro-apoptotic proteins to the hydrophobic groove of anti-apoptotic siblings, which is therapeutically exploited by approved BH3-mimetic anti-cancer drugs. Evidence suggests that also the transmembrane domain (TMD) of Bcl-2 proteins can mediate Bcl-2 interactions.

Viral Recognition and Evasion in Plants.

Viruses, causal agents of devastating diseases in plants, are obligate intracellular pathogens composed of a nucleic acid genome and a limited number of viral proteins. The diversity of plant viruses, their diminutive molecular nature, and their symplastic localization pose challenges to understanding the interplay between these pathogens and their hosts in the currently accepted framework of plant innate immunity. It is clear, nevertheless, that plants can recognize the presence of a virus and activate antiviral immune responses, although our knowledge of the breadth of invasion signals and the underpinning sensing events is far from complete.

Myeloid cell-derived interleukin-6 induces vascular dysfunction and vascular and systemic inflammation.

Aims: The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a central role in the inflammation cascade as well as cardiovascular disease progression. Since myeloid cells are a primary source of IL-6 formation, we aimed to generate a mouse model to study the role of myeloid cell-derived IL-6 in vascular disease.

Methods And Results: Interleukin-6-overexpressing (IL-6) mice were generated and crossed with LysM-Cre mice, to generate mice (LysM-IL-6 mice) overexpressing the cytokine in myeloid cells.

Surrogate measures of first-phase insulin secretion versus reference methods intravenous glucose tolerance test and hyperglycemic clamp: a systematic review and meta-analyses.

Introduction: In this systematic review, we investigated the diagnostic accuracy of surrogate measures of insulin secretion based on fasting samples and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The first phase of insulin secretion was calculated using two gold standard methods; the hyperglycemic clamp (HGC) test and intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT).

Research Design And Methods: We conducted searches in the PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science databases, the last of which was conducted at the end of June 2021.

Rational Design of Color-Pure Blue Organic Emitters by Poly-Heteroaromatic Omni-Delocalization.

Current research on organic light emitters which utilize multiple resonance-induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials is gaining significant interest because of the materials' ability to efficiently generate color-pure blue emission. However, the underlying reasons for high color purity remain unclear. It is shown here that these emitters share a common electronic basis, which is deduced from resonance structure considerations following Clar's rule, and which is termed as "poly-heteroaromatic omni-delocalization" (PHOD).

Preclinical SPECT and PET: Joint EANM and ESMI procedure guideline for implementing an efficient quality control programme.

The aim of this guideline is to provide recommendations for the implementation of an effective and efficient quality control (QC) programme for SPECT and PET systems in a preclinical imaging lab. These recommendations aim to strengthen the translational power of preclinical imaging results obtained using preclinical SPECT and PET. As for clinical imaging, reliability, reproducibility, and repeatability are essential when groups of animals are used in a longitudinal imaging experiment.

Dose prescription for stereotactic body radiotherapy: general and organ-specific consensus statement from the DEGRO/DGMP Working Group Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery.

Purpose And Objective: To develop expert consensus statements on multiparametric dose prescriptions for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) aligning with ICRU report 91. These statements serve as a foundational step towards harmonizing current SBRT practices and refining dose prescription and documentation requirements for clinical trial designs.

Materials And Methods: Based on the results of a literature review by the working group, a two-tier Delphi consensus process was conducted among 24 physicians and physics experts from three European countries.

Ultrasonographic findings in diabetic cheiroarthropathy: a pilot study.

Objective: Diabetic cheiroarthropathy (DCA) is one of the musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus. It is clinically diagnosed using the prayer and tabletop signs. The clinical appearance, however, mimics autoimmune-mediated polyarthritis of the hands and fingers.

Sustained innate interferon is an essential inducer of tertiary lymphoid structures.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) resemble follicles of secondary lymphoid organs and develop in nonlymphoid tissues during inflammation and cancer. Which cell types and signals drive the development of TLS is largely unknown. To investigate early events of TLS development in the lungs, we repeatedly instilled p(I:C) plus ovalbumin (Ova) intranasally.

Cognition and Activity of Daily Living Function in people with Parkinson's disease.

The ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) function is a multifaceted construct that reflects functionality in different daily life situations. The loss of ADL function due to cognitive impairment is the core feature for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). In contrast to Alzheimer's disease, ADL impairment in PD can be compromised by various factors, including motor and non-motor aspects.

Temporal Trends in Urinary Diversion among Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy Between 1986 and 2022: Experience at the University Medical Center Mainz with 2224 Cases.

Background: Analysis of temporal trends of urinary diversion (UD) and identification of predictive factors for continent urinary diversion (CUD) in patients with bladder cancer (BC) is scarce and data on large cohorts are missing. We aimed to describe longitudinal temporal trends and predictive factors for UD among patients with BC receiving radical cystectomy (RC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analysed institutional data collected from patients undergoing RC from 1986 to 2022 to describe changes in patients' characteristics and UD.

Mid- and late-life lifestyle activities as main drivers of general and domain-specific cognitive reserve in individuals with Parkinson's disease: cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the LANDSCAPE study.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) is considered a protective factor for cognitive function and may explain interindividual differences of cognitive performance given similar levels of neurodegeneration, e.g., in Alzheimer´s disease.

Changes in lean body mass with glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies and mitigation strategies.

Weight loss induced by glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and dual glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists is coming closer to the magnitudes achieved with surgery. However, with greater weight loss there is concern about potential side effects on muscle quantity (mass), health and function. There is heterogeneity in the reported effects of GLP-1-based therapies on lean mass changes in clinical trials: in some studies, reductions in lean mass range between 40% and 60% as a proportion of total weight lost, while other studies show lean mass reductions of approximately 15% or less of total weight lost.

Human Placental Schistosomiasis-A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Schistosome egg deposition in pregnant women may affect the placenta of infected mothers and cause placental schistosomiasis (PS). Histopathological examination of placental tissue is an inadequate detection method due to low sensitivity. So far, there has not been any systematic review on PS.

In Vitro Metabolism and p53 Activation of Genotoxic Chemicals: Abiotic CYP Enzyme vs Liver Microsomes.

Chemicals often require metabolic activation to become genotoxic. Established test guidelines recommend the use of the rat liver S9 fraction or microsomes to introduce metabolic competence to cell-based bioassays, but the use of animal-derived components in cell culture raises ethical concerns and may lead to quality issues and reproducibility problems. The aim of the present study was to compare the metabolic activation of cyclophosphamide (CPA) and benzo[]pyrene (BaP) by induced rat liver microsomes and an abiotic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme based on a biomimetic porphyrine catalyst.

CRISPR-Cas9 screens reveal common essential miRNAs in human cancer cell lines.

Background: Genome-wide functional screening using the CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful tool to uncover tumor-specific and common genetic dependencies across cancer cell lines. Current CRISPR-Cas9 knockout libraries, however, primarily target protein-coding genes. This limits functional genomics-based investigations of miRNA function.

Advancing Parkinson's Disease Diagnostics: The Potential of Arylpyrazolethiazole Derivatives for Imaging α-Synuclein Aggregates.

The development of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers capable of detecting α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates in vivo would represent a breakthrough for advancing the understanding and enabling the early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and related disorders. It also holds the potential to assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. However, this remains challenging due to different structures of α-syn aggregates, the need for selectivity over other structurally similar amyloid proteins, like amyloid-β (Aβ), which frequently coexist with α-syn pathology, and the low abundance of the target in the brain that requires the development of a high-affinity ligand.