2,855 results match your criteria: "Eastman Dental Institute[Affiliation]"

Environmental sampling for SARS-CoV-2 in long term care facilities: lessons from a pilot study.

Wellcome Open Res

June 2023

NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted the risk of infection in long-term care facilities (LTCF) and the vulnerability of residents to severe outcomes. Environmental surveillance may help detect pathogens early and inform Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) measures in these settings. Upon notification of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, LTCF within a local authority in South West England were approached to take part in this pilot study.

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Lithium-loaded GelMA-Phosphate glass fibre constructs: Implications for astrocyte response.

J Biomed Mater Res A

July 2024

Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.

Combinations of different biomaterials with their own advantages as well as functionalization with other components have long been implemented in tissue engineering to improve the performance of the overall material. Biomaterials, particularly hydrogel platforms, have shown great potential for delivering compounds such as drugs, growth factors, and neurotrophic factors, as well as cells, in neural tissue engineering applications. In central the nervous system, astrocyte reactivity and glial scar formation are significant and complex challenges to tackle for neural and functional recovery.

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Superhydrophobic surfaces have been studied extensively over the past 25 years. However, many industries interested in the application of hydrophobic properties are yet to find a suitable solution to their needs. This paper looks at the rapid functionalization of nanoparticles and the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces with contact angles > 170°.

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Physico-chemical characterization of the tumour microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Eur J Cell Biol

June 2024

Multiscale in Mechanical & Biological Engineering Research Group, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), School of Engineering & Architecture, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain; Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive lethal malignancy that accounts for more than 90% of pancreatic cancer diagnoses. Our research is focused on the physico-chemical properties of the tumour microenvironment (TME), including its tumoural extracellular matrix (tECM), as they may have an important impact on the success of cancer therapies. PDAC xenografts and their decellularized tECM offer a great material source for research in terms of biomimicry with the original human tumour.

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The dura mater, as the crucial outermost protective layer of the meninges, plays a vital role in safeguarding the underlying brain tissue. Neurosurgeons face significant challenges in dealing with trauma or large defects in the dura mater, as they must address the potential complications, such as wound infections, pseudomeningocele formation, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and cerebral herniation. Therefore, the development of dural substitutes for repairing or reconstructing the damaged dura mater holds clinical significance.

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Background: Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) are two groups of genetically inherited conditions resulting in abnormal enamel and dentin formation, respectively. Children and young people may be adversely affected by these conditions, with significant reduction in oral health related quality of life. Dental management of children with AI and DI is often complex, which is exacerbated by the absence of clear referral pathways and scarce evidence-based guidelines.

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A clinical microscopy dataset to develop a deep learning diagnostic test for urinary tract infection.

Sci Data

February 2024

Bladder Infection and Immunity Group (BIIG), UCL Centre for Kidney & Bladder Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital Campus, London, UK.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disorder. Its diagnosis can be made by microscopic examination of voided urine for markers of infection. This manual technique is technically difficult, time-consuming and prone to inter-observer errors.

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The clinical management of wounds is known to be a significant challenge: not only does the dressing need to ensure and provide the appropriate barrier and healing characteristics, but consideration of patient compliance concerning comfort, functionality, and practicality also needs to be included. The poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--4-hydroxubutyrate) (P(3HB--4HB)) copolymer, isolated from USM1020 ( USM1020), was produced in the presence of excess carbon sources (1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol) using either a shake flask cultivation process or a bioreactor fermentation system. P(3HB--4HB) is widely known to be biodegradable and highly biocompatible and contains a tuneable 4HB monomer molar fraction, which is known to affect the final physicochemical properties of the intracellular copolymer.

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A prospective observational case series included six patients who presented with discoloured upper and lower teeth extending from the right second premolar to the left second premolar. The photoactivation dosimetry and treatment protocol were as follows: λ 450 nm, 1 W, CW; flattop beam profile; 1 cm; 15 J/spot; 10 irradiated spots; an irradiation time of 15 s/spot; three whitening cycles in a single session. Blanc One ULTRA was the bleaching agent.

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Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a non-neoplastic, tumour-like reactive lesion that exclusively involves the gingiva and/or the alveolar crest. The surgical approach with a scalpel has been the golden standard of treatment for PGCG, but the scientific literature reports a high rate of lesion recurrence. Hence, this unique case report aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 10,600 nm high-level laser therapy (HLLT) in eradicating persistent, aggressive, and recurrent PGCG that failed to respond to standard surgical treatment.

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Effects of Novel Dental Composites on Biofilms.

J Funct Biomater

December 2023

Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK.

With the phase-out of amalgam and the increase in minimally invasive dentistry, there is a growing need for high-strength composite materials that can kill residual bacteria and promote tooth remineralization. This study quantifies how antibacterial polylysine (PLS) and re-mineralizing monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) affect biofilms and the strength of dental composites. For antibacterial studies, the MCPM-PLS filler percentages were 0-0, 8-4, 12-6, and 16-8 wt% of the composite filler phase.

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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the position of the mandibular lingula (ML) in adult patients (aged between 18 and 35 years old) with different skeletal and growth patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Dentistry department of University.

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Spatial transcriptomic interrogation of the tumour-stroma boundary in a 3D engineered model of ameloblastoma.

Mater Today Bio

February 2024

UCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street, W1W 7TS, London, UK.

Stromal cells are key components of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their incorporation into 3D engineered tumour-stroma models is essential for tumour mimicry. By engineering tumouroids with distinct tumour and stromal compartments, it has been possible to identify how gene expression of tumour cells is altered and influenced by the presence of different stromal cells. Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial tumour of the jawbone.

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Background: No consensus exists on how molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) should be covered by the undergraduate dental curricula.

Aim: To assess the current teaching and assessment of MIH in the UK.

Design: A piloted questionnaire regarding the teaching and assessment of MIH was disseminated to paediatric, restorative and orthodontic teaching leads in each UK dental school (n = 16).

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The Rogdi knockout mouse is a model for Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome.

Sci Rep

January 2024

Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.

Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome (KTS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, early-onset epileptic seizures, and amelogenesis imperfecta. Here, we present a novel Rogdi mutant mouse deleting exons 6-11- a mutation found in KTS patients disabling ROGDI function. This Rogdi mutant model recapitulates most KTS symptoms.

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Background: Previous studies have suggested that frequent toothbrushing is associated with a lower risk of future cardiovascular events. We sought to investigate further the relationship between toothbrushing, cardiovascular risk factors, and lifestyle behaviours.

Methods: We analysed a cross-sectional survey including 13,761 adults aged 30 years or older without a history of cardiovascular diseases from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey.

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"Over-reviewing" of research? An analysis of orthodontic reviews.

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop

April 2024

Division of Public and Child Dental Health, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Introduction: Research overviews may be undertaken to identify gaps in the literature, evaluate existing systematic reviews (SRs), and summarize evidence. This paper aims to profile overviews that have been conducted in orthodontics and related interventions since 2012 and to evaluate the degree of overlap among these overviews.

Methods: Overviews published between January 1, 2012 and June 20, 2023 were identified using an electronic search involving Google Scholar and PubMed.

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In vitro immunomodulatory effect of solid versus porous phosphate-based glass microspheres using macrophages.

Heliyon

December 2023

Preventive and Restorative Dentistry Department, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of two different forms of phosphate-based glass microspheres (solid and porous), on human macrophages. Human THP-1 monocytes were converted to M0 macrophages after being treated with 100 ng/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate for 48 h. The differentiated cells were analysed for the CD14 marker using flow cytometry.

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with concurrent systemic conditions.

Clin Oral Investig

December 2023

Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to review scientific evidence on the effectiveness of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) for treating periodontitis in patients with various systemic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
  • Researchers conducted a systematic search of randomized controlled trials from 1995 to 2023, narrowing it down to 44 studies for analysis.
  • Results showed that NSPT significantly improved periodontal health by reducing probing depth and clinical attachment loss compared to untreated controls, indicating its effectiveness even in patients with concurrent systemic conditions.
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X-Ray Visible Protein Scaffolds by Bulk Iodination.

Adv Sci (Weinh)

March 2024

Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.

Protein-based biomaterial use is expanding within medicine, together with the demand to visualize their placement and behavior in vivo. However, current medical imaging techniques struggle to differentiate between protein-based implants and surrounding tissue. Here a fast, simple, and translational solution for tracking transplanted protein-based scaffolds is presented using X-ray CT-facilitating long-term, non-invasive, and high-resolution imaging.

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Assessing dentists' awareness of the orthodontic-restorative interface.

J Dent

February 2024

UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Rockefeller Building, 21 University Street, London WC1E 6DE, United Kingdom.

Objectives: Awareness of the interface between restorative and orthodontic treatments is essential for dentists to facilitate a meaningful interdisciplinary approach by integrating the knowledge and skills of different dental disciplines into patients' treatment to enhance outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate General Dental Practitioners' (GDPs) awareness of the orthodontic-restorative interface.

Methods: This was a mixed-method study involving the collection of a) quantitative data via a bespoke online questionnaire and b) qualitative data through open questions.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of opportunistic infections such as chronic wound infection that could lead to multiple organ failure and death. Gallium (Ga) ions are known to inhibit P. aeruginosa growth and biofilm formation but require carrier for localized controlled delivery.

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An in vitro study was designed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with 915-nm diode laser on human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells under hyperglycemic condition. The HGF cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) medium containing 30 mM glucose concentration for 48 h to mimic the hyperglycemic condition. Subsequently, the cells received three sessions of PBM (915 nm, continuous emission mode, 200 mW, energy density values of 3.

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Longevity of Anterior Composite Restorations for Localized Tooth Wear: A Scoping Review.

Dent J (Basel)

October 2023

Department of Continuing Professional Development, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Rockefeller Building, 21 University Street, London WC1E 6ED, UK.

(1) Objective: This scoping review evaluates composite restorations as a treatment modality for anterior tooth surface loss and investigates the longevity of the direct and indirect composites used herein. (2) Method: The search encompassed Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and hand search utilizing the PICO framework. (3) Results: Eight studies were included in this review, comprising one randomized controlled trial, one retrospective, and six prospective studies.

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