The British Orthodontic Society MOrth cases prize 2014.

This paper describes the orthodontic treatment of two cases that were successful in winning the British Orthodontic Society (BOS) Membership in Orthodonitcs (MOrth) cases prize in 2014. The first case describes the management of a 26-year-old female with a Class II division 2 incisor relationship on a Class III skeletal base with reduced vertical proportions. This was complicated by: an unerupted ectopic palatally displaced upper right permanent canine, an erupted palatally displaced upper left permanent canine, retained deciduous canines, generalised microdontia, an overall Bolton tooth size discrepancy, mild crowding in the upper arch, an increased overbite (complete to tooth tissue) and crossbites.

Accuracy comparison of guided surgery for dental implants according to the tissue of support: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To systematically assess the current dental literature comparing the accuracy of computer-aided implant surgery when using different supporting tissues (tooth, mucosa, or bone).

Material And Methods: Two reviewers searched PubMed (1972 to January 2015) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central) (2002 to January 2015). For the assessment of accuracy, studies were included with the following outcome measures: (i) angle deviation, (ii) deviation at the entry point, and (iii) deviation at the apex.

Referrals to a facial pain service.

Aim: To assess the quality of referral letters to a facial pain service and highlight the key requirements of such letters.

Method: The source of all referral letters to the service for five years was established. For one year the information provided in 94 referrals was assessed.

Bulk dentine replacement versus incrementally placed resin composite: A randomised controlled clinical trial.

Objective: This randomized controlled clinical trial compared two techniques and materials for restoring carious teeth-Bulk dentine replacement versus incremental placement of a hybrid posterior resin composite material in terms of patient comfort (post operative sensitivity and tenderness on biting).

Material And Methods: Seventy-two carious teeth were randomized to one of two treatment groups: Group A-were restored with a bulk dentine replacement material or Group B-restored with incrementally placed hybrid composite. Patients were followed up by way of a structured phone call at day 2 and day 7 post-operatively.

Validity and reliability of the Chronic Oral Mucosal Diseases Questionnaire in a UK population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of a the Chronic Oral Mucosal Diseases Questionnaire in a UK population

Methods: Two hundred patients with chronic oral mucosal disease (oral lichen planus, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, mucous membrane pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris) were enrolled in this study from the Oral Medicine Department of University College London Hospitals Trust (UCLHT) Eastman Dental Hospital. Individuals were interviewed using Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Chronic Oral Mucosal Diseases Questionnaire (COMDQ), and the construct validity and internal reliability were examined.

Results: Of the 200 study participants, 100 respondents had oral lichen planus, 42 had recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 58 had vesiculobullous conditions (mucous membrane pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris).

Cost of illness of oral lichen planus in a U.K. population--a pilot study.

Objective: To assess the economic burden of oral lichen planus (OLP) from the perspective of the healthcare provider in a U.K. population.

Development of the Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire (MIQ) to measure the oral health-related quality of life of young people with malocclusion: part 1 - qualitative inquiry.

Objectives: To seek the views of adolescents with malocclusion about how the appearance and arrangement of their teeth affects their everyday life and to incorporate these views into a new Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire (MIQ).

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with a purposive sample of 30 young people (10-16 years) referred for orthodontic treatment to two dental teaching hospitals. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using framework analysis.

Burning mouth syndrome.

Introduction: Burning mouth syndrome mainly affects women, particularly after the menopause, when its prevalence may be 18% to 33%.

Methods And Outcomes: We conducted a systematic overview, aiming to answer the following clinical question: What are the effects of selected treatments for burning mouth syndrome? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to January 2015 (Clinical Evidence overviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this overview).

Results: At this update, searching of electronic databases retrieved 70 studies.

Spontaneous complete resolution of a radiolucent shadow associated with an impacted mandibular third molar.

Impacted third molars are commonly associated with areas of radiolucency, and treatment can damage the adjacent structures, specifically the inferior alveolar nerve. We report a rare and interesting case of a large radiolucent area associated with an impacted mandibular wisdom tooth that resolved over 7 years with no intervention. We postulate that the unexpected movement of the tooth over this time caused spontaneous resolution of the cystic space, a natural decompression, which highlights the option of monitoring.

Contemporary views of dental practitioners' on patient safety.

Background: There is little known about general dental practitioners' (GDPs) views on patient safety in dentistry; we believe this to be the first paper describing their opinions and ideas for maintaining or improving safe practices.

Methods: Focus groups were used to gather the views of 12 GDPs (who also hold university teaching contracts) on the following topics: Defining patient safety, the important issues in patient safety, safeguards and tools for maintaining safe care, never events and research priorities. Thematic analysis was performed on the verbatim transcripts.

Chlamydia pneumoniae Clinical Isolate from Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Potential Atherogenic Strain.

Chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. The aim of our study was to characterize, for the first time, a C. pneumoniae strain isolated from the gingival crevicular fluid of a patient with chronic periodontitis, described as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.

Investigation of microRNA expression and DNA repair gene transcripts in human oocytes and blastocysts.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the regulation of DNA repair genes by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing. Several miRNAs that are expressed during preimplantation embryo development have been shown or are predicted to target genes that regulate cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair in response to DNA damage.

A systematic review of outcome measures used in clinical trials of treatment interventions following traumatic dental injuries.

Background: Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are common, and appropriate treatment will maximize the chances of maintaining teeth in function while safeguarding their longevity and aesthetics. Subjectively, it appears that outcome measures used in studies investigating TDI are numerous and diverse.

Objectives: To undertake a systematic review of the outcomes used in clinical trials of treatment interventions following TDI.

Therapeutic concepts and methods for improving dental implant outcomes. Summary and consensus statements. The 4th EAO Consensus Conference 2015.

Background: Different therapeutic concepts and methods have been proposed for improving dental implant outcomes in three specific clinical situations: (i) the fresh extraction socket with alveolar ridge preservation protocols; (ii) the posterior maxilla with limited bone height with either the placement of regular-sized implants after sinus elevation and grafting or short dental implants and; (iii) the posterior mandible with limited bone height with either vertical bone augmentation and placement of implants or short dental implants.

Materials And Methods: Three systematic reviews, based on randomized and controlled clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of these different therapeutic modalities in terms of dental implant outcomes.

Results And Conclusions: Interventions aimed for alveolar ridge preservation have shown efficacy in terms of allowing the placement of dental implants and for reducing the need of further augmentation procedures at implant placement.

Digital technologies to support planning, treatment, and fabrication processes and outcome assessments in implant dentistry. Summary and consensus statements. The 4th EAO consensus conference 2015.

Objective: The task of this working group was to assess the existing knowledge in computer-assisted implant planning and placement, fabrication of reconstructions applying computers compared to traditional fabrication, and assessments of treatment outcomes using novel imaging techniques.

Material And Methods: Three reviews were available for assessing the current literature and provided the basis for the discussions and the consensus report. One review dealt with the use of computers to plan implant therapy and to place implants in partially and fully edentulous patients.

Basal cell adenoma with S-100 positive stroma: a case report and literature review.

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) of the salivary gland with presence of abundant S-100-positive stromal cells has been rarely reported. A case occurring in a 75-year-old man is presented here, as well as a review of the literature on the subject. The patient presented with a nodule in the right parotid gland.

Comparison of tolerability and adverse symptoms in oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and neuralgiform headaches using the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (AEP).

Background: Adverse effects of drugs are poorly reported in the literature . The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of the adverse events of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), in particular carbamazepine (CBZ) and oxcarbazepine (OXC) in patients with neuralgiform pain using the psychometrically tested Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (AEP) and provide clinicians with guidance as to when to change management.

Methods: The study was conducted as a clinical prospective observational exploratory survey of 161 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia and its variants of whom 79 were on montherapy who attended a specialist clinic in a London teaching hospital over a period of 2 years.

Diagnosis, medication, and surgical management for patients with trigeminal neuralgia: a qualitative study.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a serious health problem, causing brief, recurrent episodes of stabbing or burning facial pain, which patients describe as feeling like an electric shock. The consequences of living with the condition are severe. There is currently no cure for TN and management of the condition can be complex, often delayed by misdiagnosis.

Social anxiety in orthognathic patients.

There is evidence that patients seeking orthognathic treatment may be motivated by social anxiety disorder (SAD). The aim of this study was to investigate SAD in orthognathic patients using the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNES) and to compare these findings with those of the general population. This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire study conducted in two parts.

Effect of social media in improving knowledge among patients having fixed appliance orthodontic treatment: A single-center randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Research has shown that orthodontic patients are more likely to retain information presented in an audiovisual format. However, there has been little research on the effectiveness of audiovisual information provided through different routes such as the Internet. This parallel-group randomized controlled trial assessed whether provision of audiovisual information on the YouTube (Google, San Bruno, Calif) Web site to orthodontic patients undergoing fixed appliance treatment results in improved patient knowledge when compared with conventional methods of information provision.

Orofacial Granulomatosis.

Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is an uncommon chronic inflammatory disorder of the orofacial region. It is characterized by subepithelial noncaseating granulomas and has a spectrum of possible clinical manifestations ranging from subtle oral mucosal swelling to permanent disfiguring fibrous swelling of the lips and face. Etiopathogenesis is unknown.

Polyarteritis nodosa associated with necrosis of the tongue: a rare presentation in an adult patient.

Polyarteritis nodosa is a rare form of vasculitis of the medium-sized vessels, which leads to the formation of microaneurysms, thrombosis, organ ischaemia, and necrosis. Involvement of the oral cavity is rare. To our knowledge, this is the first case of localised polyarteritis nodosa in an adult with ulceration of the tongue and necrosis at the onset of the disease.