The availability and characteristics of patient-focused YouTube videos related to oral hygiene instruction.

Introduction YouTube is a popular social media platform that is being increasingly used for the distribution of healthcare-related information. To date, there appear to be no published studies assessing the quality of oral hygiene instruction provided by YouTube videos.Objective To assess the availability, quality and accuracy of patient-focused YouTube videos aiming to provide oral hygiene instruction.

An incidental dense bone island: A review of potential medical and orthodontic implications of dense bone islands and case report.

Dense bone islands (DBIs) are usually asymptomatic and do not require any treatment. This case report presents a DBI of an unusual presentation, which was an incidental finding on a radiograph of a 15-year-old orthodontic patient. The DBI lesion was 24 mm in size, occupying at least 50% of the alveolar process between the upper right canine and lateral incisor, extending up the lateral aspect of the anterior margin of the right nasal fossa.

Meaningful improvement thresholds in measures of pain and quality of life in oral lichen planus.

Objectives: To evaluate the responsiveness of measures of pain and oral health-related quality of life (OH-QoL) in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and to determine thresholds for minimal important change (MIC) and minimal important difference (MID) for use in this patient population.

Methods: Data from baseline and 4-month follow-up including Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), 15-item and 26-item Chronic Oral Mucosal Disease Questionnaire (COMDQ-15; COMDQ-26) were collected from 157 patients with OLP. Responsiveness was assessed by testing hypotheses and calculating the area under the curve.

Current Validated Medical Treatments for Tinnitus: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.

Tinnitus distress results from a weave of physical and psychological processes. Reducing the power of the psychological processes will therefore reduce the degree of suffering. The main psychological therapy in this context is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Multiple myeloma and pulmonary aspergillosis: dental treatment prior to chemotherapy and management of post extraction complications.

This case study discusses the dental management of a patient with a history of multiple myeloma and pulmonary aspergillosis, whom was referred to a hospital-based dental service for urgent dental review. The patient had received a dental assessment in primary care prior to commencement of chemotherapy and had four teeth extracted without complications. However, following the commencement of chemotherapy, he presented with a significant infection associated with two of his wisdom teeth resulting in extraction.

A Retrospective Case Report on the Longevity of a Reimplanted Closed-Apex Avulsed Canine.

For an avulsed tooth with closed apices, it is recommended that the tooth undergoes elective root canal treatment. We however present in this case report a 73-year-old Afro-Caribbean lady, with an asymptomatic, untreated, self-replanted lower left canine which suffered an avulsion 45 years ago. The patient reported no loss of function.

Can child safeguarding training be improved?: findings of a multidisciplinary audit.

Introduction: Child protection has become a very poignant subject in the UK. The Laming report into the death of Victoria Climbié led to the implementation of multidisciplinary safeguarding policies and training for healthcare professionals, social services staff and police. However, many dental practitioners, as well as other healthcare professionals, have little confidence when reporting their concerns and reducing the 'gap' between suspicion and reporting (Laming in The victoria climbie inquiry: report of an inquiry by Lord Laming, 2003.

Validation of the HADS and PSS-10 and a cross-sectional study of psychological status in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Objectives: To validate the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) for use in clinical studies of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and to provide cross-sectional assessment of anxiety, depressive, and distress symptoms and perceived stress in patients with RAS.

Methods: The validity and reliability of the HADS and PSS-10 were evaluated in 120 individuals with RAS through confirmatory factor analysis and calculation of Cronbach's alpha and omega coefficients. The prevalence of comorbid anxiety, depression, distress, and moderate-to-high perceived stress, and their association with demographics and clinical factors were assessed through cutoff scores of the HADS and PSS-10 and bivariate analyses, respectively.

Full Digital Workflow for the Treatment of an Edentulous Patient with Guided Surgery, Immediate Loading and 3D-Printed Hybrid Prosthesis: The BARI Technique 2.0. A Case Report.

Purpose: To describe a technique intended to transfer of the intermaxillary and occlusal relationships in a fully digital environment from a complete denture to an implant-supported 3D-printed hybrid prosthesis (an acrylic resin complete fixed dental prosthesis supported by implants).

Methods: In edentulous cases, the physiological mandibular position should be determined before the immediate loading procedures. In some cases, the use of interim removable prostheses for a few weeks could be useful to test the new occlusion in centric relation and to verify the prosthetic project.

Initial periodontal therapy before referring a patient: an audit.

Introduction The extent to which initial therapy has been provided prior to referral for periodontal disease remains unclear despite guidance provided by the British Society of Periodontology.Aim This audit aimed to assess the information given in the referral letter, how this compared to patients' perception of treatment received, the referrers' reports of treatment provided and findings at consultation. The gold standard was taken from the British Society of Periodontology referral criteria which states that all patients should undergo initial periodontal therapy prior to referral.

Factors affecting decision making at reassessment of periodontitis. Part 4: treatment options for residual periodontal pockets.

This paper is the final in a four-part series outlining treatment planning at periodontal reassessment. The first article (part 1) focused on the information that should be gathered at the reassessment appointment. Parts 2 and 3 discussed systemic and local factors that can relate to residual periodontal probing depths.

'The punch technique' for the soft tissue exposure of superficial, buccally impacted teeth.

The management of impacted teeth can be complex, time-consuming and expensive for the patient and healthcare system. These cases often require referral to a different specialty which increases the overall treatment time and number of appointments. This article introduces a simple, efficient technique using a cylindrical punch biopsy instrument to expose superficial, buccally impacted upper permanent canines and incisor teeth in carefully selected cases.

Factors affecting decision making at reassessment of periodontitis. Part 3: interpretation of clinical findings - local factors.

This paper is the third in a four-part series outlining treatment planning at periodontal reassessment. The first article focused on the information that should be gathered at the reassessment appointment. The second article discussed systemic factors that can relate to residual periodontal probing depths.

Factors affecting decision making at reassessment of periodontitis. Part 2: interpretation of clinical findings - systemic factors.

This paper is the second in a four-part series outlining treatment planning at periodontal reassessment. The first article focussed on the information that should be gathered at the reassessment appointment. Treatment can involve a range of non-surgical and surgical approaches.

Hypomineralisation or hypoplasia?

Enamel hypomineralisation is a qualitative defect, with reduced mineralisation resulting in discoloured enamel in a tooth of normal shape and size. Because the enamel is weaker, teeth can undergo post eruptive breakdown, resulting in missing enamel. Enamel hypoplasia is a quantitative defect of the enamel presenting as pits, grooves, missing enamel or smaller teeth.

Factors affecting decision making at reassessment of periodontitis. Part 1: history and examination at reassessment.

Periodontal therapy aims to arrest the disease while maintaining function and aesthetics. Reassessment allows an opportunity to assess the periodontal status and need for further treatment. This is distinct from initial assessment in that the patient's response to initial therapy will be apparent and many treatment options other than non-surgical therapy require consideration.

Validation of the HADS and PSS-10 and psychological status in patients with oral lichen planus.

Objectives: To validate the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) for use in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and to provide cross-sectional analysis of anxiety, depressive and distress symptoms in patients with OLP.

Methods: Validity and reliability of both instruments were assessed in 260 participants with OLP in one tertiary oral medicine centre through confirmatory factor analysis and calculation of reliability coefficients. Prevalence, clinical and demographic predictors of the presence of psychological symptoms in OLP were calculated and identified using multivariated logistic regression.

Development and validation of a short version of Chronic Oral Mucosal Disease Questionnaire (COMDQ-15).

Background: The adoption of the Chronic Oral Mucosal Disease Questionnaire (COMDQ) into clinical practice has been low, despite its rigorous development process. A potential limitation of the COMDQ is the high response burden to patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop and validate a short version of the 26-item COMDQ.

Validation of an Oral Disease Severity Score (ODSS) tool for use in oral mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Background: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a rare autoimmune bullous disease predominantly affecting the oral mucosa. Optimal management relies upon thorough clinical assessment and documentation at each visit.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to validate the Oral Disease Severity Score (ODSS) for the assessment of oral involvement in MMP.

UK dental professionals' knowledge, experience and confidence when treating patients on the autism spectrum.

Background Over 1% of the UK population have a diagnosis of autism, and yet there is minimal information regarding the experiences of dental professionals working with people on the autistic spectrum. The current study is the first to investigate UK dental professionals' knowledge of autism, their perceived confidence when treating autistic patients, and the factors that affect this.Methods An online, self-report survey was completed by 482 UK dental professionals and included questions on participants' training, prior experiences and knowledge of autism, and confidence when treating autistic patients.

Preventing white spot lesions with fluoride pastes.

Design Randomised controlled trial.Study population Patients undergoing routine orthodontic treatment, aged 12 years and older, were randomly allocated to use either Clinpro 5000, Clinpro Tooth Crème or MI Paste Plus for 4 months.Data Analysis Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) scores of the maxillary and mandibular arches from the right first premolar to the left first premolar at 0.

WHO surgical safety checklist training: An alternative approach to training in local safety standards for invasive procedures.

Background: Despite efforts to promote the effective use of the WHO surgical safety checklist, wrong tooth extractions have continued to occur within dentistry.

Method: A training initiative combined methods of teaching comprising of a presentation, video and simulation to deliver LocSSIP training at an Oral Surgery Department of a UK dental hospital. Participant feedback was analysed to determine their perception of using combined methods to deliver the training.

The maxillary incisor labial face tangent: clinical evaluation of maxillary incisor inclination in profile smiling view and idealized aesthetics.

Background: To test the hypothesis that in profile smiling view, for ideal aesthetics, a tangent to the labial face of the maxillary central incisor crowns should be approximately parallel to the true vertical line and thereby perpendicular to the true horizontal line.

Methods: An idealized female image was created with computer software and manipulated using the same software to construct an "ideal" female profile image with proportions, and linear and angular soft tissue measurements, based on currently accepted criteria for idealized Caucasian profiles. The maxillary incisor labial face tangent was altered in 5° increments from 70 to 120°, creating a range of images, shown in random order to 70 observers (56 lay people and 14 clinicians), who ranked the images from the most to the least attractive.

Alveolar ridge preservation: why, when and how.

Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) is a method of decreasing bone resorption following tooth extraction and facilitating prosthetically-driven implant placement. An understanding of the physiological responses occurring after extraction and the effects of ARP are important in order to implement clinical procedures. ARP is a predictable way to reduce undesirable horizontal and vertical ridge reduction following extraction when dental implant treatment is to be delayed.

The specialist management of non-temporomandibular orofacial pain: maxillofacial surgery's known unknown?

The management of orofacial pain is considered to be within the remit of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). In this study we aimed to provide an overview of the healthcare "journey" of a group of patients referred to a specialist unit with "complex" non-temporomandibular orofacial pain. We retrospectively reviewed all those who were referred over a six-month period and followed for up to three years.