Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (COH-FIT): Global and Risk-Group Stratified Course of Well-Being and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents.

Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.

Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.

Classics in abdominal radiology: the jumping deer sign.

The "jumping deer sign" is an ultrasonographic pattern that aids in identifying normal liver anatomy and distinguishing it from pathology. It includes the portal vein (deer's head and body), the gallbladder or cystic duct (tail), and the inferior vena cava (obstacle). This sign helps differentiate portal veins from intrahepatic ducts, crucial for diagnosing conditions like portal hypertension.

The Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool: Adaptation and Content Validation for Children and Caregivers of Children with Atopic Dermatitis.

Introduction: The Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT) assesses six concepts regarding patient-perceived control of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults and adolescents with AD. This study aimed to develop two modified ADCT versions, one for children with AD aged 8-11 years and another for caregivers of children with AD aged 6 months to 11 years.

Methods: Following the US Food and Drug Administration patient-reported outcomes guidance, the ADCT was modified to produce draft Child and Caregiver ADCT versions, maintaining the original six concepts.

Screening tests for preeclampsia: in search of clinical utility.

The research and implementation process for a new screening test should involve two steps. First, one has to demonstrate that the test can predict a certain outcome or appropriately stratify the patients based on risk for the outcome. The second step requires evidence of clinical utility.

Fast-Food Outlets in Hospitals Affiliated With U.S. Medical Schools.

To determine the current prevalence and type of fast-food outlets at medical-school-affiliated hospitals and compare them to previous findings to assess progress in improving the hospital food environment. We invited medical students at 192 medical and osteopathic schools to complete Sogolytics surveys reporting on fast-food restaurants that are affiliated with their main teaching hospital or medical centers. Of 192 medical and osteopathic schools, 255 individual completed surveys were received from 146 schools.

Reconstruction of Composite Mandible Defects Using a Cellular Bone Allograft and Soft Tissue Free Flap Coverage.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Objective: Cellular bone allografts (CBAs) contain the components of a successful bone graft with no autologous component and have been used extensively outside the head and neck. Descriptions of their utilization for mandible reconstruction are limited.

Relationship of vitamin D to pathogenesis and outcomes of hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by painful sinus tracts and significant scarring. Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis and outcomes of HS. This systematic review aims to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and HS, exploring potential therapeutic benefits of vitamin D supplementation.

The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and Reported Nutrient Intake Among Pregnant Individuals of Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups.

Background: Implications of lifelong, perceived discrimination on nutrient intake during the preconception period are unclear.

Objective: The objective was to identify associations between perceived discrimination and consumption of specific nutrients associated with risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Design: This is a secondary data analysis of the prospective Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be cohort.

A call to action: Standardisation of intravaginal hygiene product reporting in preoperative evaluation.

Preoperative checklists have demonstrated efficacy in improving patient care in the surgical setting. While the assessment of perioperative risks through patient inquiry is extensive, the menstrual status of the patient is one question that is not frequently discussed. If a patient is menstruating during their surgical procedure, unknown use of an intravaginal menstrual hygiene product, such as a tampon or menstrual cup, places the patient at risk of infection.

Evaluating the Importance of Return to Sports and Hamstring Strength in a Discrete Choice Experiment for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.

Background: With emerging treatments for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, analysis of patient preferences is lacking to align clinical care and research with patient priorities.

Purposes: To identify patient priorities for outcomes after surgical intervention if they were to sustain an ACL tear, analyze what outcome measures influenced preferences, and determine whether patient demographics influenced preferences.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for pain management for veterans separating from military service: study protocol of a hybrid type 2 study testing implementation facilitation versus training-as-usual.

Background: Veterans transitioning to civilian life often have chronic pain from service-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) with higher risk for substance misuse. Many seek VA (Department of Veterans Affairs) compensation for MSD. Use of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment for Pain Management (SBIRT-PM) by VA Post-9/11 Military2VA (M2VA) case managers presents an opportunity to engage these veterans in VA pain care and address substance misuse.

Obesity Paradox and the Effect of NT-proBNP on All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality.

Background: In heart failure patients, obesity is associated with better outcomes as compared to normal weight, a phenomenon called the obesity paradox.

Objective: To examine if obesity modifies the relationship between NT-proBNP and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adults without coronary artery disease or heart failure history.

Methods: We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2004 and linked it with mortality through December 31, 2019.

Effect of Tezepelumab on Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 Domain and Symptom-Specific Scores in Patients with Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma and a History of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Introduction: Tezepelumab blocks the activity of thymic stromal lymphopoietin, an epithelial cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). In a previous analysis, tezepelumab improved asthma and rhinosinusitis symptoms compared with placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma and a history of CRSwNP in the 2 years before randomization in the NAVIGATOR study. This post hoc analysis of patients with a CRSwNP diagnosis at any time before randomization in NAVIGATOR enabled domain and symptom-specific analyses of Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 outcomes.

Cannabis Vaping Among US Adults With Disabilities: Findings From the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Objectives: Studies have demonstrated that people with disabilities are more likely to use cannabis than people without disabilities. However, less is known about novel forms of use, such as cannabis vaping, in this population. We examined the correlates of cannabis vaping among people with disabilities and the association between cannabis vaping and the frequency of cannabis use in any form.

A Retrospective Comparison of Emergency Department Throughput Before and After Instituting a Waiting Room Evaluation Process.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has strained the healthcare system with emergency department (ED) boarding and workforce shortages. This prompted the need for strategies to evaluate and treat patients while they waited for an ED room.

Objectives: The objective is to describe a waiting room evaluation process and ED throughput in the setting of ED staffing shortages and boarding.

Improving Recurrence Prediction in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: The Synergistic Impact of the FIB-4 Index and Tumor Burden Score on Post-hepatectomy Outcomes.

Background: The prognostic role of the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index relative to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after hepatectomy remains unclear. This study sought to characterize the impact of the FIB-4 index and tumor burden score (TBS) on recurrence and overall survival (OS).

Methods: ICC patients undergoing hepatectomy (2000-2020) were identified using a multi-institutional database.

Simulation-Based Training in Clinical Event Debriefing Improves Leadership Performance.

Objectives: Clinical event debriefing (CED) improves healthcare team performance and patient outcomes. Most pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians do not receive formal training in leading CED. Our objectives were to develop a CED curriculum and evaluate its effect on performance, knowledge, comfort, and clinical practice.

Fetal Growth Ultrasound in Obese Patients for the Detection of Growth Abnormalities.

Objective:  This study aimed to examine the impact of maternal obesity on fetal growth abnormalities including fetal growth restriction (FGR) and large for gestational age (LGA) fetuses.

Study Design:  Secondary analysis from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b). The study excluded individuals with pregestational or gestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, and other major maternal medical conditions.