The meaning of trust along the treatment pathway of women with breast cancer: a mixed-methods study among cancer survivors.

Purpose: Women with breast cancer face a high degree of uncertainty. Trust between health providers and patients has been shown to improve patient quality of life and may enhance clinical outcomes. This study aimed to explore the meaning of trust along the treatment pathway.

Understanding tinnitus symptom dynamics and clinical improvement through intensive longitudinal data.

Intensive longitudinal sampling enhances subjective data collection by capturing real-time, dynamic inputs in natural settings, complementing traditional methods. This study evaluates the feasibility of using daily self-reported app data to assess clinical improvement among tinnitus patients undergoing treatment. App data from a multi-center randomized clinical trial were analysed using time-series feature extraction and nested cross-validated ordinal regression with elastic net regulation to predict clinical improvement based on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale (CGI-I).

Training and validating a treatment recommender with partial verification evidence.

Background: Current clinical decision support systems (DSS) are trained and validated on observational data from the clinic in which the DSS is going to be applied. This is problematic for treatments that have already been validated in a randomized clinical trial (RCT), but have not yet been introduced in any clinic. In this work, we report on a method for training and validating the DSS core before introduction to a clinic, using the RCT data themselves.

ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD: prevalence, predictors, and construct validity in Swiss older adults.

This study assessed the prevalence rates, construct validity, predictors, and psychosocial factors linked to ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD), as assessed by the (ITQ) in a German-speaking sample of Swiss older adults. Participants were  = 1526 older adults aged 65+ ( = 72.34;  = 6.

Exploring App-Based Physiotherapy for Somatic Tinnitus: Results from a Pilot Study.

Somatic tinnitus (ST) is a type of tinnitus that is influenced by changes in somatosensory input from the cervical spine or temporomandibular area. Although traditional physiotherapy has been shown to reduce ST symptoms, in-clinic treatment is not always available, and adherence to home exercise programs is often low. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of an app-based physiotherapy program to enhance the compliance and availability of treatment for ST patients.

Use and application of geographical restrictions in systematic reviews with the aim of including studies about Germany: An update of a methodological review.

Background: In systematic reviews (SRs), geographical limitations in literature searches can aid in focussing research efforts. A methodological review published in 2016 examined the approaches SR authors use to identify studies about Germany, analysing 36 SRs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to update the original review.

Aseismic strain localization prior to failure and associated seismicity in crystalline rock.

Recent laboratory tests and large-scale observations have revealed the complex interplays between aseismic and seismic deformation, as well as the progressive localization of the rock failure process. To investigate these processes, we conducted triaxial tests that combined distributed strain sensing (DSS) with acoustic emission (AE) sensors. Progressive strain localization was detected by DSS at 80% of the peak stress but did not produce measurable AEs.

Publicly available continuously updated topic specific databases of randomised clinical trials: A scoping review.

Conducting systematic reviews of clinical trials is arduous and resource consuming. One potential solution is to design databases that are continuously and automatically populated with clinical trial data from harmonised and structured datasets. We aimed to map publicly available, continuously updated, topic-specific databases of randomised clinical trials (RCTs).

Exploring the Experiences of Times Without Care and Encounters in Persons With Dementia in the Swiss and German Nursing Home and Domiciliary Care Settings: Protocol for an Ethnographic Multimethods Study.

Background: Persons with dementia spend a large part of the day without care and encounters, often without activity, as confirmed by numerous studies. However, no scientific analysis has examined how persons with dementia experience these periods. Such knowledge would be highly relevant for health care professionals and relatives to develop adequate strategies for dealing with times without care.

Baseline Inflammation but not Exercise Modality Impacts Exercise-induced Kynurenine Pathway Modulation in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Secondary Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The kynurenine pathway (KP) is an important hub in neuroimmune crosstalk that is dysregulated in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and modulated by exercise in a modality-specific manner.

Objectives: To compare changes in the KP metabolite profile of pwMS (1) following combined treatments including either high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) during a 3-week multimodal rehabilitation, (2) to evaluate exercise response in relation to baseline systemic inflammation, and (3) to investigate associations of kynurenines with physical capacity and clinical outcomes.

Methods: For this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, serum concentrations of kynurenines at baseline and after 3 weeks were determined using targeted metabolomics (LC-MS/MS).

Involvement of family caregivers in dementia care research: a scoping review protocol.

Background: Family caregivers of people with dementia are a distinct group due to the particularly stressful and time-intensive care situation at home. Despite these challenges, involving them in research is crucial to better understand and address their specific needs. However, little evidence exists regarding a tailored approach for researchers for this group considering their situation at home.

The optimal approach for retrieving systematic reviews was achieved when searching MEDLINE and Epistemonikos in addition to reference checking: a methodological validation study.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are used to inform clinical practice guidelines and healthcare decision making by synthesising the results of primary studies. Efficiently retrieving as many relevant SRs as possible is challenging with a minimum number of databases, as there is currently no guidance on how to do this optimally. In a previous study, we determined which individual databases contain the most SRs, and which combination of databases retrieved the most SRs.

Effects of acetazolamide on sleep disordered breathing in pulmonary vascular disease: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Patients with pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) often suffer from nocturnal hypoxaemia, but also from sleep apnoea. Short-term use of acetazolamide increases ventilation due to metabolic acidosis and also reduces loop gain. We investigated whether prolonged use of acetazolamide improves sleep disordered breathing in PVD.

Investigating the efficacy of a fast urban climate model for spatial planning of green and blue spaces for heat mitigation.

Problems caused by urban heat have prompted the exploration of urban greenery and blue spaces for heat mitigation. Various numerical models can simulate heat-related processes, but their use as support-tools to urban planners remains underexplored, particularly at the city-scale, due to high computational demand and complexity of such models. This study investigates the spatial relationships between urban heat, urban form and urban green and blue spaces with the fast climate model TARGET (The Air-temperature Response to Green/blue-infrastructure Evaluation Tool), which only requires minimal inputs of standard meteorological data, land cover and building geometry data.

Process mining in mHealth data analysis.

This perspective article explores how process mining can extract clinical insights from mobile health data and complement data-driven techniques like machine learning. Despite technological advances, challenges such as selection bias and the complex dynamics of health data require advanced approaches. Process mining focuses on analyzing temporal process patterns and provides complementary insights into health condition variability.

Development and validation of a geographic search filter for MEDLINE (PubMed) to identify studies about Germany.

While geographic search filters exist, few of them are validated and there are currently none that focus on Germany. We aimed to develop and validate a highly sensitive geographic search filter for MEDLINE (PubMed) that identifies studies about Germany. First, using the relative recall method, we created a gold standard set of studies about Germany, dividing it into 'development' and 'testing' sets.

The Role of Nurses in Rehabilitation in Primary Health Care for Ageing Populations: A Secondary Analysis from a Scoping Review.

Introduction: With the ageing of the global population and the rise in noncommunicable diseases, there is an increased need for rehabilitation services, especially those that address the specific needs of ageing populations. Through their proximity to patients, nurses play a critical role in providing rehabilitation interventions for older adults in primary health care. However, they are not yet established as typical rehabilitation providers and further research is needed to clarify their role and competencies to optimize rehabilitation interventions for ageing populations.

How Patient-Generated Data Enhance Patient-Provider Communication in Chronic Care: Field Study in Design Science Research.

Background: Modern approaches such as patient-centered care ask health care providers (eg, nurses, physicians, and dietitians) to activate and include patients to participate in their health care. Mobile health (mHealth) is integral in this endeavor to be more patient centric. However, structural and regulatory barriers have hindered its adoption.

Predictors of six-month change in health-related quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis: A secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Symptomatic treatment in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) requires multidisciplinary rehabilitation to alleviate disease progression and increasing health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the participant- and disease-specific factors that predict sustained improvement in HRQoL in pwMS undergoing inpatient rehabilitation remain unclear. Identifying these factors can help individually tailor inpatient rehabilitation programmes.

Delphi studies in social and health sciences-Recommendations for an interdisciplinary standardized reporting (DELPHISTAR). Results of a Delphi study.

Background: While different proposals exist for a guideline on reporting Delphi studies, none of them has yet established itself in the health and social sciences and across the range of Delphi variants. This seems critical because empirical studies demonstrate a diversity of modifications in the conduction of Delphi studies and sometimes even errors in the reporting. The aim of the present study is to close this gap and formulate a general reporting guideline.

Recruiting Persons With Dementia: A Systematic Review of Facilitators, Barriers, and Strategies.

Study recruitment of persons with dementia is challenging. We aimed to assess facilitators, barriers, and strategies to identify and approach persons with dementia for recruitment to dementia care studies. We systematically searched MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and other sources (ORRCA [Online Resource for Research in Clinical triAls]; pertinent evidence syntheses; citation searching) and narratively summarised the results (PROSPERO CRD42022342600).

Using a Mobile Messenger Service as a Digital Diary to Capture Patients' Experiences Along Their Interorganizational Treatment Path in Gynecologic Oncology: Lessons Learned.

A digital diary in the form of a mobile messenger service offers a novel method for data collection in cancer research. Little is known about the things to consider when using this data collection method in clinical research for patients with cancer. In this Viewpoint paper, we discuss the lessons we learned from using a qualitative digital diary method via a mobile messenger service for data collection in oncology care.