Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Nanoscintillators for X-Ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

X-ray induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) leverages penetrating X-ray to generate singlet oxygen (O) for treating deep-seated tumors. However, conventional X-PDT typically relies on heavy metal inorganic scintillators and organic photosensitizers to produce O, which presents challenges related to toxicity and energy conversion efficiency. In this study, highly biocompatible organic phosphorescent nanoscintillators based on hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOF) are designed and engineered, termed BPT-HOF@PEG, to enhance X-PDT in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment.

PSTK exerts protective role in cisplatin-tubular cell injury via BAX/BCL2/Caspase3 pathway.

Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug, but its accumulation in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) can cause acute kidney injury. Phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase (PSTK) is an intermediate product produced under oxidative stress conditions. This study aimed to elucidate whether PSTK could protect TECs and its possible mechanisms.

Association of diabetes mellitus with long-term prognosis after ablation therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A single-center cohort study.

Background: This study investigated the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of ablative treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Retrospective data were collected from HCC patients who underwent ablation between January 2016 and December 2019. The baseline clinicopathological characteristics and long-term outcomes, such as overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), were compared between those with and without DM.

Prolonged tamoxifen treatment induces iron deposition and ferroptosis in the liver.

Tamoxifen is an inhibitor of estrogen receptors and was originally developed for breast cancer therapy. Besides, tamoxifen is widely used for Cre-estrogen receptor-mediated conditional knockout in transgenic mice. However, we found that the 3-month feeding of 0.

Prevalence and associated factors of MAFLD in adults with type 2 diabetes.

To estimate the prevalence and associated factors of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the United States.Data were retrieved from the 2017‒March 2020 prepandemic cycle of the National Health and Nutritional Examination and Survey (NHANES). The study population included patients with T2DM.

Development models to predict complication and prognosis following liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension.

Background: Postoperative complications are potential factors influencing the prognosis of patients with HCC combined with CSPH. This study aims to explore the risk factors affecting the occurrence of postoperative complications, investigate potential factors influencing long-term prognosis in these patients, and establish predictive models.

Methods: From April 2018 to December 2021, a total of 190 patients with HCC combined with CSPH who underwent curative liver resection in our hospital were included, comprising 69 cases in the complication group and 121 cases in the non-complication group.

Effects of double data extraction on errors in evidence synthesis: a crossover, multicenter, investigator-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: The objective was to investigate the role of double extraction in reducing data errors in evidence synthesis for pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions.

Design: Crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Setting: University and hospital with teaching programs in evidence-based medicine.

Textbook outcome in liver surgery for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: defining predictors of an optimal postoperative course using machine learning.

Background: We sought to define textbook outcome in liver surgery (TOLS) for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) by considering the implications of perioperative outcomes on overall survival (OS).

Methods: Using a multi-institutional database, TOLS for ICC was defined by employing novel machine learning (ML) models to identify perioperative factors most strongly predictive of OS ≥ 12 months. Subsequently, clinicopathologic factors associated with achieving TOLS were investigated.

ABCF1-K430-Lactylation promotes HCC malignant progression via transcriptional activation of HIF1 signaling pathway.

Lysine lactylation plays critical roles in various diseases, including cancer. Our previous study showed that lactylation of non-histone ABCF1 may be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of ABCF1-K430la in HCC using immunohistochemical staining and performed amino acid point mutations, multi-omics crossover, and biochemical experiments to investigate its biological role and underlying mechanism.

Machine learning based prediction model for bile leak following hepatectomy for liver cancer.

Objective: We sought to develop a machine learning (ML) preoperative model to predict bile leak following hepatectomy for primary and secondary liver cancer.

Methods: An eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was developed to predict post-hepatectomy bile leak using data from the ACS-NSQIP database. The model was externally validated using data from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) multi-institutional databases.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

A pharmacovigilance study of the association between proton pump inhibitors and tumor adverse events based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are effective treatments for acid-related disorders but may pose tumor risks with long-term use. Current research on PPI-associated tumor adverse events (TAEs) is limited and inconclusive. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the relationship between PPIs and TAEs.

TDERS, an exosome RNA-derived signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in clear cell renal cell cancer: a multicohort study.

Background: Tumor-derived exosomes are involved in tumor progression and immune invasion and might function as promising noninvasive approaches for clinical management. However, there are few reports on exosom-based markers for predicting the progression and adjuvant therapy response rate among patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: The signatures differentially expressed in exosomes from tumor and normal tissues from ccRCC patients were correspondingly deregulated in ccRCC tissues.

Perioperative Changes in Serum Transaminases Levels Predicts Long-Term Survival Following Liver Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: We sought to define whether and how hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) as manifested by perioperative aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels impact long-term outcomes after curative-intent resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: Intrasplenic injection of HCC cells was used to establish a murine model of HCC recurrence with versus without I/R injury. Patients who underwent curative resection for HCC were identified from a multi-institutional derivative cohort (DC) and separate external validation (VC) cohort.

Discordant Information on Blinding in Trial Registries and Published Research: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Blinding of individuals involved in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) can be used to protect against performance and biases, but discrepancies in the reporting of methodological features between registered protocols and subsequent trial publications may lead to inconsistencies, thereby reintroducing bias.

Objective: To investigate inconsistency in blinding as reported in trial registries and publications.

Data Sources: An exploratory dataset and a validation dataset were created.

Expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Clinical features, risk factors, outcomes, and prediction model for intrahepatic and perihepatic abscess following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Intrahepatic and perihepatic abscess (IPHA) is a severe yet understudied complication that can occur after hepatectomy. This multicenter study aimed to elucidate the clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes of IPHA after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to develop a novel prediction model for personalized risk assessment.

Methods: This was a multicenter cohort study of HCC patients who underwent curative-intent hepatectomy.

Clinical risk factors of long-term post-traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, and depression in COVID-19 survivors.

The COVID-19 pandemic has a profound and lasting impact on the mental health of recovered individuals. To investigate the clinical risk factors associated with long-term post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), anxiety, and depression in COVID-19 survivors, demographic information and medical records were collected during February 19 and March 20, 2020. Assessments of PTSS, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were conducted at two months (April to May 2020, Session 1) and two years (April to May 2022, Session 2) post-discharge.

Mechanisms and therapeutic targets of mitochondria in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) includes liver disease processes from simple fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which may progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As the incidence of HCC derived from viral hepatitis decreases, MASLD has emerged as a significant health threat, driven by lifestyle changes and rising obesity rates among patients. The pathogenesis of MASLD is complex, involving factors such as insulin resistance, gut microbiota imbalance, and genetic and epigenetic factors.

Lhx2 specifically expressed in hepatic stellate cells promotes liver regeneration and inhibits liver fibrosis.

Background And Aims: Promoting liver regeneration while inhibiting fibrogenesis represented an attractive strategy for treating liver diseases, with hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) being crucial to both processes. This study aimed to identify specific targets in HSCs that simultaneously facilitated regeneration and suppressed fibrosis, and elucidated their molecular mechanisms.

Approach And Results: Through comparing acute and chronic liver injury mouse models induced by CCl4 injections, we revealed that HSCs exhibited dual functionality, expressing pro-regenerative and pro-fibrogenic genes following injury.

Bavachin stimulates ferroptosis and reduces malignant phenotype progression of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inducing lipid peroxidation by modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Background: The mechanism of ferroptosis is primarily driven by the iron-dependent lethal accumulation of membrane lipid peroxidation. Bavachin has been found to exacerbate lipid peroxidation in cancer cells; however, whether it hinders hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by way of ferroptosis remains unknown.

Methods: Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to measure the effect of Bavachin on the viability of HCC cells, so as to determine the appropriate drug concentration for subsequent experiments.

A Mitochondria-Targeting and Peroxynitrite-Activatable Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Precise Tracking of Oxidative Stress-Induced Mitophagy.

Mitochondria are the energy factory of cells and can be easily damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of the frequent occurrence of oxidative stress. Abnormality in mitophagy is often associated with many diseases including inflammation, cancer, and aging. While previously developed fluorescent probes mainly focus on detecting just ROS or mitophagy, quite rare studies have endeavored to comprehensively capture the entire mitophagic process, encompassing both the production of ROS and the induction of mitophagy.