An Acta Orthopaedica educational article: Treatment of pediatric spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.

Spondylolysis is defined as a defect or elongation in the pars interarticularis of the lumbar spine, either unilateral or bilateral. Growing children with bilateral spondylolysis may develop spondylolisthesis, i.e.

Interoperability of health data using FHIR Mapping Language: transforming HL7 CDA to FHIR with reusable visual components.

Introduction: Ecosystem-centered healthcare innovations, such as digital health platforms, patient-centric records, and mobile health applications, depend on the semantic interoperability of health data. This ensures efficient, patient-focused healthcare delivery in a mobile world where citizens frequently travel for work and leisure. Beyond healthcare delivery, semantic interoperability is crucial for secondary health data use.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography training conditions, results from a pan-European survey: Between vision and reality.

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) still has a relatively high complication rate, underscoring the importance of high-quality training. Despite existing guidelines, real-world data on training conditions remain limited. This pan-European survey aims to systematically explore the perceptions surrounding ERCP training.

Assessment of potential myopia risk factors, including chronotype, in Estonian adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Myopia is a growing healthcare concern worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that sleep and circadian rhythms may be associated with myopia. Furthermore, the risk factors of myopia have not been studied in the Estonian population to date.

Neurological sequelae after childhood bacterial meningitis.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study is to evaluate childhood bacterial meningitis (BM): incidence, clinical presentation, causative pathogens, diagnostics, and outcome (neurological sequelae, hearing loss, and death). A retrospective review of all children aged ≤ 16 years and 1 month diagnosed with BM at a tertiary children's centre in the period 2010-2020. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to assess outcome, with a GOS score of 1-4 considered to be an unfavourable outcome.

Sociotechnical Cross-Country Analysis of Contextual Factors That Impact Patients' Access to Electronic Health Records in 4 European Countries: Framework Evaluation Study.

Background: The NORDeHEALTH project studies patient-accessible electronic health records (PAEHRs) in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Such country comparisons require an analysis of the sociotechnical context of these services. Although sociotechnical analyses of PAEHR services have been carried out in the past, a framework specifically tailored to in-depth cross-country analysis has not been developed.

Assessing Opportunities and Barriers to Improving the Secondary Use of Health Care Data at the National Level: Multicase Study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Estonia.

Background: Digitization shall improve the secondary use of health care data. The Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ordered a project to compile the National Master Plan for Health Data Analytics, while the Government of Estonia ordered a project to compile the Person-Centered Integrated Hospital Master Plan.

Objective: This study aims to map these 2 distinct projects' problems, approaches, and outcomes to find the matching elements for reuse in similar cases.

A reference architecture for personal health data spaces using decentralized content-addressable storage networks.

Introduction: This paper addresses the dilemmas of accessibility, comprehensiveness, and ownership related to health data. To resolve these dilemmas, we propose and justify a novel, globally scalable reference architecture for a Personal Health Data Space (PHDS). This architecture leverages decentralized content-addressable storage (DCAS) networks, ensuring that the data subject retains complete control and ownership of their personal health data.

Effectiveness of secukinumab in radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a European routine-care observational study.

Objectives: To compare the treatment effectiveness of secukinumab in radiographic (r) versus non-radiographic (nr) axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients treated in routine care across Europe.

Methods: Prospectively collected data on secukinumab-treated axSpA patients with known radiographic status were pooled from nine countries.Remission rates based on patient-reported outcomes (PROs; Numeric Rating Scale (0-10), for example, pain ≤2/Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) ≤2 and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) inactive disease (ID) <1.

A Nordic Perspective on Patient Online Record Access and the European Health Data Space.

The Nordic countries are, together with the United States, forerunners in online record access (ORA), which has now become widespread. The importance of accessible and structured health data has also been highlighted by policy makers internationally. To ensure the full realization of ORA's potential in the short and long term, there is a pressing need to study ORA from a cross-disciplinary, clinical, humanistic, and social sciences perspective that looks beyond strictly technical aspects.

Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D Status Does Not Interfere with Improvements in Aerobic and Muscular Endurance in Conscripts during Basic Military Training.

Considering a lack of respective data, the primary objective of this study was to assess whether seasonal variation in vitamin D status (D-status) affects the extent of improvement in physical performance (PP) in conscripts during basic military training (BMT). D-status, PP and several blood parameters were measured repeatedly in conscripts whose 10-week BMT started in July (cohort S-C; = 96) or in October (cohort A-C; = 107). D-status during BMT was higher in S-C compared to A-C (overall serum 25(OH)D 61.

High dose vitamin D supplementation decreases the risk of deficiency in male conscripts, but has no effect on physical performance-A randomized study.

Purpose: Physical load during military training might increase the need for vitamin D; therefore, supplementation could be beneficial for 25(OH)D serum levels and physical performance.

Methods: One hundred and twelve male conscripts were randomized into two vitamin D oil capsule supplementation groups: 55 participants in the 600 IU group and 57 in the 4000 IU group with a follow-up period from July 2021 to May 2022. Physical fitness tests were performed in July, October and May.

Undiagnosed RASopathies in infertile men.

RASopathies are syndromes caused by congenital defects in the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway genes, with a population prevalence of 1 in 1,000. Patients are typically identified in childhood based on diverse characteristic features, including cryptorchidism (CR) in >50% of affected men. As CR predisposes to spermatogenic failure (SPGF; total sperm count per ejaculate 0-39 million), we hypothesized that men seeking infertility management include cases with undiagnosed RASopathies.

Insights Into Myopia from Mouse Models.

Animal models are critical for understanding the initiation and progression of myopia, a refractive condition that causes blurred distance vision. The prevalence of myopia is rapidly increasing worldwide, and myopia increases the risk of developing potentially blinding diseases. Current pharmacological, optical, and environmental interventions attenuate myopia progression in children, but it is still unclear how this occurs or how these interventions can be improved to increase their protective effects.

Toward clinical exomes in diagnostics and management of male infertility.

Infertility, affecting ∼10% of men, is predominantly caused by primary spermatogenic failure (SPGF). We screened likely pathogenic and pathogenic (LP/P) variants in 638 candidate genes for male infertility in 521 individuals presenting idiopathic SPGF and 323 normozoospermic men in the ESTAND cohort. Molecular diagnosis was reached for 64 men with SPGF (12%), with findings in 39 genes (6%).

Prospective validation of a model-informed precision dosing tool for vancomycin treatment in neonates.

We recruited 48 neonates (50 vancomycin treatment episodes) in a prospective study to validate a model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) software. The initial vancomycin dose was based on a population pharmacokinetic model and adjusted every 36-48 h. Compared with a historical control group of 53 neonates (65 episodes), the achievement of a target trough concentration of 10-15 mg/L improved from 37% in the study to 62% in the MIPD group ( = 0.

Core Outcome Set for IgE-mediated food allergy clinical trials and observational studies of interventions: International Delphi consensus study 'COMFA'.

Background: IgE-mediated food allergy (FA) is a global health concern with substantial individual and societal implications. While diverse intervention strategies have been researched, inconsistencies in reported outcomes limit evaluations of FA treatments. To streamline evaluations and promote consistent reporting, the Core Outcome Measures for Food Allergy (COMFA) initiative aimed to establish a Core Outcome Set (COS) for FA clinical trials and observational studies of interventions.

Patient-reported outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis patients treated with secukinumab for 24 months in daily clinical practice.

Objectives: In patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) initiating secukinumab, we aimed to assess and compare the proportion of patients achieving 6-, 12- and 24-month patient-reported outcomes (PRO) remission and the 24-month retention rates.

Patients And Methods: Patients with axSpA or PsA from 16 European registries, who initiated secukinumab in routine care were included. PRO remission rates were defined as pain, fatigue, Patient Global Assessment (PGA) ≤2 (Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 0-10) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) ≤0.