Lateral costal artery as a culprit for the steal phenomenon after coronary artery bypass grafting: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) has been widely accepted as the standard for revascularizing the left anterior descending artery during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. However, in 10-20% of cases, the LITA may lead to unsecured side branches to the chest wall, particularly the lateral costal artery (LCA), potentially resulting in postoperative chest angina.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 58-year-old patient who experienced persistent angina eight months after having undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) due to the steal phenomenon caused by a thick lateral costal artery (LCA).

Fulminant Myocarditis in Patients With Autoimmune Disease That Requires Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support.

Myocarditis is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the myocardium, often resulting from infectious and immune-mediated responses. Clinical presentation in severe cases often results in a devastating illness requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support as a result of cardiogenic shock. Although endomyocardial biopsy is still considered the gold standard for diagnosis, it often reveals nonspecific lymphocytic infiltration.

Six methods to determine expiratory time constants in mechanically ventilated patients: a prospective observational physiology study.

Background: Expiratory time constant (τ) objectively assesses the speed of exhalation and can guide adjustments of the respiratory rate and the I:E ratio with the goal of achieving complete exhalation. Multiple methods of obtaining τ are available, but they have not been compared. The purpose of this study was to compare six different methods to obtain τ and to test if the exponentially decaying flow corresponds to the measured time constants.

Infective endocarditis caused by : a case report and review of literature.

Background: constitutes a genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that act as potentially opportunistic pathogens. With only a few documented case studies to date, species are rarely the cause of a disease in humans.

Case Summary: We report a case involving a 64-year-old male with known mild mitral regurgitation, who presented with fever and dyspnoea.

Time constant to determine PEEP levels in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS: a feasibility study.

Background: We hypothesized that the measured expiratory time constant (TauE) could be a bedside parameter for the evaluation of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) settings in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients during pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV).

Methods: A prospective study was conducted including consecutively admitted adults (n = 16) with COVID-19-related ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation. A PEEP titration using PCV with a fixed driving pressure of 14 cmHO was performed and TauE recorded at each PEEP level (0 to 18 cmHO) in prone (n = 29) or supine (n = 24) positions.

Determining respiratory rate using measured expiratory time constant: A prospective observational study.

Purpose: Potential negative implications associated with high respiratory rate (RR) are intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) generation, cardiovascular depression and possibly ventilator induced lung injury. Despite these negative consequences, optimal RR remains largely unknown. We hypothesized that without consideration of dynamics of lung emptying (i.

The Effect of Oestrogen Supplementation on Antioxidant Enzymes and Mitochondrial Respiratory Function After Myocardial Infarction of Ovariectomized Rats.

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide with premenopausal women showing a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease compared with men of the same age. After menopause, this advantage disappears, suggesting that sex hormones play a cardioprotective role. This study was aimed to assess on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in plasma and the respiratory function of isolated heart mitochondria after the induction of MI in rats after ovariectomy and estradiol benzoate supplementation.

Analysis of Risk Factors in Patients with Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Increased Cardiovascular Risk Using Factor Analysis.

Today, there are many parameters used for cardiovascular risk quantification and to identify many of the high-risk subjects; however, many of them do not reflect reality. Modern personalized medicine is the key to fast and effective diagnostics and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. One step towards this goal is a better understanding of connections between numerous risk factors.

Optimal use of lipid-lowering therapy after acute coronary syndromes: A Position Paper endorsed by the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP).

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and consequent acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are substantial contributors to morbidity and mortality across Europe. Much of these diseases burden is modifiable, in particular by lipid-lowering therapy (LLT). Current guidelines are based on the sound premise that with respect to low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), "lower is better for longer", and the recent data have strongly emphasized the need of also "the earlier the better".

Follow-up after the Ross procedure, how significant it is, case reports of three patients.

Background: Dilatation of the pulmonary autograft is a major drawback of the Ross procedure and it is the leading cause for reoperation in these patients.

Case Presentation: In this report we describe 3 cases reports, each one with a different outcome, of patients that underwent the Ross procedure.

Conclusions: In order to prevent any lethal or non-lethal complications of the pulmonary autograft these patients need a close and life- long systematic follow-up.

Intradermal running suture versus 3M™ Vetbond™ tissue adhesive for wound closure in rodents: a biomechanical and histological study.

Background: Although tissue adhesives and traditional sutures were compared in numerous studies during the early stages of healing, it has to be clarified, from the histological and biomechanical point of view, how the differences develop during the later phases.

Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into 2 groups: the IRS (intradermal running suture) and G (glue) groups. Two parallel full-thickness skin incisions were made on the back of each rat.