Women Surgeons: Barriers and Solutions.

Background: Underrepresentation and undertreatment of women in surgery continues to be highly prevalent, with major barriers to improvement. The aim of the study was to review the current state of women surgeons in Poland.

Methods: Information from the various Polish databases on women surgeons in 9 medical universities in general, oncological, vascular, thoracic, and cardiac surgery was retrospectively evaluated.

Medical Neglect Allegations in the Context of Conflicted Divorce/Separation Child Custody: What Should the Health Care Provider Do?

Pediatricians and child health providers face with situation in which families disagree about recommended treatments. Managing these disagreements is more challenging during periods of divorce or separation particularly when parents are in dispute over custody or medical decision-making. Parental disagreement exists along a continuum.

Fingertip ultrasound evaluation of umbilical catheter position in the neonatal intensive care unit compared to conventional ultrasound radiography: a preliminary investigation.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to compare conventional linear and fingertip ultrasound transducers, for the evaluation of umbilical catheters, with radiography. Fingertip ultrasound transducers have the potential to simplify sonographic examination due to their small size and ability to fit on a finger.

Study Design: A prospective, IRB approved comparative study was performed.

Epigenome-wide association study of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in systemic lupus erythematosus: Identifying DNA methylation signatures associated with interferon-related genes based on ethnicity and SLEDAI.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by the involvement of multiple organs and the production of antinuclear antibodies. DNA methylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lupus. We have performed an epigenome-wide DNA methylation study in lupus and healthy control (non-lupus) subjects to identify epigenetic patterns in lupus characterized ethnicity and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI).

Multiple-Institution Comparison of Resident and Faculty Perceptions of Burnout and Depression During Surgical Training.

Importance: Prior studies demonstrate a high prevalence of burnout and depression among surgeons. Limited data exist regarding how these conditions are perceived by the surgical community.

Objectives: To measure prevalence of burnout and depression among general surgery trainees and to characterize how residents and attendings perceive these conditions.

Increased expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 9 and other cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients: ethnic differences and potential new targets for therapeutic drugs.

Increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon, tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) and specific interleukins (ILs) has been found in a number of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). These cytokines are induced by toll-like receptors (TLRs). Toll-like receptors are activated in response to accumulation of apoptotic bodies.