Acute Pancreatitis: An Update of Evidence-Based Management and Recent Trends in Treatment Strategies.

Acute pancreatitis is a common gastrointestinal disease leading to hospitalisation. Recent advancements in its management have primarily focussed on the development of early phase medical interventions targeting inflammatory pathways, optimisation of supportive treatment (including fluid resuscitation, pain management and nutritional management), appropriate use of antibiotics, implementation of minimally invasive interventions for infected necrosis, and the necessity of follow-up for long-term complications. These advancements have significantly improved personalised management and overall outcomes of acute pancreatitis.

Early Results of Implementing Rapid Methadone Titration for Hospitalized Patients: A Case Series.

Objectives: With the increase in illicit fentanyl use in the USA, hospitals face challenges managing opioid withdrawal and opioid use disorder (OUD). To improve opioid withdrawal and OUD treatment among hospitalized patients with daily fentanyl use, we developed a rapid methadone titration (RMT) protocol. We describe development, implementation, and outcomes during the first 12 weeks.

Emerging Trends in Neuroblastoma Diagnosis, Therapeutics, and Research.

This review explores the current understanding and recent advancements in neuroblastoma, one of the most common extracranial solid pediatric cancers, accounting for ~ 15% of childhood cancer-related mortality. The hallmarks of NBL, including angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis resistance, cell cycle dysregulation, drug resistance, and responses to hypoxia and ROS, underscore its complex biology. The tumor microenvironment's significance in disease progression is acknowledged in this study, along with the pivotal role of cancer stem cells in sustaining tumor growth and heterogeneity.

A critical evaluation of psilocybin-assisted therapy protocol components from clinical trial patients, facilitators, and caregivers.

Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is an experimental treatment with transformative promise. Developing standards for PAT psychotherapy protocols is a priority, but psychotherapeutic protocol components of PAT have been subjected to little rigorous research. This study was designed to assess protocol components in a trial of PAT.

The Clinical utility of Interleukin-17A rs2275913 polymorphism with colorectal cancer in Egyptian patients.

The worldwide incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is roughly two million new instances each year throughout the world, according to the World Health Organization 2022. CRC is the third most prevalent disease and the second most common cancer in terms of fatality. People diagnosed with colorectal cancer in the early stages have a five-year survival rate of roughly 95%, but people identified with the disease in the later stages have a survival rate of approximately 12%.

Chromatin landscape alteration uncovers multiple transcriptional circuits during memory CD8+ T cell differentiation.

Extensive epigenetic reprogramming involves in memory CD8+ T-cell differentiation. The elaborate epigenetic rewiring underlying the heterogeneous functional states of CD8+ T cells remains hidden. Here, we profile single-cell chromatin accessibility and map enhancer-promoter interactomes to characterize the differentiation trajectory of memory CD8+ T cells.

Understanding ICU Nursing Knowledge, Perceived Barriers, and Facilitators of Sepsis Recognition and Management: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Importance: Nursing workforce changes, knowledge translation gaps, and environmental/organizational barriers may impact sepsis recognition and management within the ICU.

Objectives: To: 1) evaluate current ICU nursing knowledge of sepsis recognition and management, 2) explore individual and environmental or organizational factors impacting nursing recognition and management of sepsis using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), and 3) describe perceived barriers and facilitators to nursing recognition and management of patients with sepsis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional survey was administered to nurses working in four general system ICUs between October 24, 2023, and January 30, 2024.

Identification of early prognostic biomarkers in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome using machine learning algorithms.

Objective: We aimed at identifying acute phase biomarkers in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS), and to establish a model to predict mortality outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on multicenter clinical data. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was utilized to demonstrate the overall trend of laboratory indicators and their correlation with mortality.

Insights From Minnesota on Newborn Screening for Adrenoleukodystrophy: A 5-Year Update.

Our objectives are to report on the outcomes of adrenal insufficiency (AI) and cerebral ALD (cALD) in children diagnosed with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) identified by newborn screening (NBS) in Minnesota in the first 5 years following initiation of NBS in 02/2017. A retrospective chart review was conducted for children diagnosed with ALD via Minnesota NBS from 02/06/2017 through 02/06/2022. Data reviewed included newborn screening data, diagnostic very long chain fatty acid levels, ABCD1 molecular testing results, serial measurements of ACTH and cortisol, and serial brain MRI results.

Evaluation of Intestinal Permeability Using Serum Biomarkers in Learning Early About Peanut Allergy Trial.

Background: Intestinal barrier dysfunction may lead to a break in tolerance and development of food allergy (FA). There is contradictory evidence on whether intestinal permeability (IP) is altered in IgE-mediated FA. Thus, we sought to determine whether IP differed between children with eczema who did (FA group) or did not (atopic controls, ACs) develop FA and whether peanut sensitization, allergy, and early introduction impacted IP using serum biomarkers zonulin, soluble CD14, and Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein among randomly selected participants enrolled in the Learning Early About Peanut allergy trial.

Safety and Efficacy of Long-term Use of Infliximab in Severe Juvenile Dermatomyositis - 12 Years of Follow-up.

Juvenile dermatomyositis with emphasized vasculopathy is rare, but the most severe form of the disease, with a poor prognosis with relapsing and chronic course or, in some cases, lethal outcome. We present a case of a 19-year-old Caucasian female, who developed severe acute juvenile dermatomyositis with emphasized multisystem vasculopathy, including retinal vasculopathy and maculopathy (cotton-wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, macular edema) at the age of 8. Due to no response to standard treatment protocols and rapid worsening of clinical symptoms and laboratory findings, a TNF inhibitor (infliximab) was introduced after the third week of treatment resulting in complete normalisation of muscle enzyme levels and complete resolution of eye changes within the next 2 weeks with a gradual general recovery.

Rare Cell Population Analysis in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: Circulating rare cells participate in breast cancer evolution as systemic components of the disease and thus, are a source of theranostic information. Exploration of cancer-associated rare cells is in its infancy.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate and classify abnormalities in the circulating rare cell population among early-stage breast cancer patients using fluorescence marker identification and cytomorphology.

Cardiac growth patterns and metabolism before and after birth in swine: Role of miR in proliferation, hypertrophy and metabolism.

The adult mammalian heart is unable to undergo cardiac repair, limiting potential treatment options after cardiac damage. However, the fetal heart is capable of cardiac repair. In preparation for birth, cardiomyocytes (CMs) undergo major maturational changes that include exit from the cell cycle, hypertrophic growth, and mitochondrial maturation.

In a Canine Model of Septic Shock, Cardiomyopathy Occurs Independent of Catecholamine Surges and Cardiac Microvascular Ischemia.

Background: High levels of catecholamines are cardiotoxic and associated with stress-induced cardiomyopathies. Septic patients are routinely exposed to endogenously released and exogenously administered catecholamines, which may alter cardiac function and perfusion causing ischemia. Early during human septic shock, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreases but normalizes in survivors over 7-10 days.

Acquisition of discrete immune suppressive barriers contributes to the initiation and progression of preinvasive to invasive human lung cancer.

Computerized chest tomography (CT)-guided screening in populations at risk for lung cancer has increased the detection of preinvasive subsolid nodules, which progress to solid invasive adenocarcinoma. Despite the clinical significance, there is a lack of effective therapies for intercepting the progression of preinvasive to invasive adenocarcinoma. To uncover determinants of early disease emergence and progression, we used integrated single-cell approaches, including scRNA-seq, multiplexed imaging mass cytometry and spatial transcriptomics, to construct the first high-resolution map of the composition, lineage/functional states, developmental trajectories and multicellular crosstalk networks from microdissected non-solid (preinvasive) and solid compartments (invasive) of individual part-solid nodules.

- xed Reality Interface for Monitoring: A HoloLens based prototype for healthcare practices.

In this paper, we introduce -a Mixed Reality (MR) system designed for healthcare professionals to monitor patients in wards or clinics. We detail the design, development, and evaluation of , which integrates real-time vital signs from a biosensor-equipped wearable, . The system generates holographic visualizations, allowing healthcare professionals to interact with medical charts and information panels holographically.

The Association Between Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Microscopic Colitis: A Systematic Review.

The association between primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and microscopic colitis (MC) has been explored in limited studies, suggesting potential shared pathophysiological mechanisms. This systematic review aimed to investigate this relationship by analyzing studies identified through comprehensive searches in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Two studies met the inclusion criteria: a case series of 12 patients and a case report, collectively analyzing 13 cases.

Association Between Obesity and Thrombosis During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: A Case-Control Study From a Tertiary Care Center in Kerala, India.

Background Obesity is postulated to be a high-risk factor for thrombosis along with the inherent hypercoagulability of pregnancy. The Confidential Review of Maternal Deaths (CRMD) found that thrombosis was one of the major causes of maternal deaths in Kerala. This study investigates the major risk factor - obesity and its association with thrombosis in our study setting, along with other risk factors.

Angiosarcoma in an Arteriovenous Fistula Following Renal Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor arising from vascular or lymphatic endothelial cells. Angiosarcoma at an arteriovenous fistula site is exceptionally rare. We report a case of a 37-year-old male renal transplant recipient who developed a high-grade epithelioid angiosarcoma at the site of an arteriovenous fistula six years post-transplant.

Chondrodysplasia Punctata: Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Management of Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndrome (CDPX2).

Chondrodysplasia punctata (CP) is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by punctate calcifications in areas of endochondral ossification, with Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome (CDPX2) being the most common form. This study presents a clinical case of a 10-month-old female child, diagnosed with CDPX2 following a referral from a neonatology department of a secondary hospital center to a genetics consultation at a tertiary hospital center in Portugal. Despite normal prenatal monitoring, postnatal evaluations revealed typical manifestations of the syndrome, including nasomaxillary hypoplasia, macrocephaly, and skeletal abnormalities confirmed through imaging.

Development and validation of a risk prediction model for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome secondary to severe heat stroke based on immediate assessment indicators on ICU admission.

Introduction: Early prediction of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) secondary to severe heat stroke (SHS) is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aims to develop and validate a risk prediction model for those patients based on immediate assessment indicators on ICU admission.

Methods: Two hundred eighty-four cases with SHS in our hospital between July 2009 and April 2024 were retrospectively reviewed, and categorized into non-MODS and MODS groups.

Epidemiology of Rectal Cancer Patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim And Background: As rectal cancer diagnosis becomes more prevalent due to the increased awareness caused by campaigns, this study aims to focus on the demographics of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on 184 patients diagnosed with primary or second primary rectal cancer. Stage and site of tumor at diagnosis, gender, BMI, family history, histology, and metastasis are discussed throughout the paper.

The RISES Model: A New Approach to Promoting Health Professionals' Motivation to Engage in Research.

Purpose: A decline in the number of health professionals (HPs) engaging in clinical and healthcare research has spurred governments, educational and healthcare organisations to focus on developing strategies to promote a resurgence of clinical researchers. Based on the Expectancy-Value-Cost theory which offers a comprehensive framework to understand motivation in research, this study aimed to explore how motivations and perceived values of research evolve across different career stages, and develop a model that promotes sustained research motivation.

Methods: This study employed a phenomenological qualitative research design and individual interviews to explore the experiences of 30 HPs (doctors, nurses, midwives, and allied health professionals) across three career stages-early, mid, and late-at three North Queensland Public Hospitals from March 19 to April 15, 2021.

The recent landscape of RSV vaccine research.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a significant burden of acute respiratory illness across all ages, particularly for infants and older adults. Infants, especially those born prematurely or with underlying health conditions, face a high risk of severe RSV-related lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Globally, RSV contributes to millions of LRTI cases annually, with a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

: Empowering artificial intelligence for respiratory diseases diagnosis based on electronic health records, a multicenter study.

Respiratory diseases pose a significant global health burden, with challenges in early and accurate diagnosis due to overlapping clinical symptoms, which often leads to misdiagnosis or delayed treatment. To address this issue, we developed , an artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic system that utilizes natural language processing (NLP) to extract key clinical features from electronic health records (EHRs) for the accurate classification of respiratory diseases. This study employed a large cohort of 31,267 EHRs from multiple centers for model training and internal testing.