615 results match your criteria: "Earlham Institute[Affiliation]"
BMC Genomics
December 2024
Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
Background: The salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is a parasite of wild and farmed salmonid fish, causing huge economic damage to the commercial farming of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the northern hemisphere. The avermectin emamectin benzoate (EMB) is widely used for salmon delousing. While resistance to EMB is widespread in Atlantic populations of L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Data
December 2024
Rothamsted Research, Protecting Crops and the Environment, Harpenden, UK.
Alopecurus aequalis is a winter annual or short-lived perennial bunchgrass which has in recent years emerged as the dominant agricultural weed of barley and wheat in certain regions of China and Japan, causing significant yield losses. Its robust tillering capacity and high fecundity, combined with the development of both target and non-target-site resistance to herbicides means it is a formidable challenge to food security. Here we report on a chromosome-scale assembly of A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Genet
December 2024
Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
The translation of nucleotide sequences into amino acid sequences, governed by the genetic code, is one of the most conserved features of molecular biology. The standard genetic code, which uses 61 sense codons to encode one of the 20 standard amino acids and 3 stop codons (UAA, UAG, and UGA) to terminate translation, is used by most extant organisms. The protistan phylum Ciliophora (the 'ciliates') are the most prominent exception to this norm, exhibiting the grfeatest diversity of nuclear genetic code variants and evidence of repeated changes in the code.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Genet
November 2024
Department of Animal Science, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Introduction: The agriculture genomics community has numerous data submission standards available, but the standards for describing and storing single-cell (SC, e.g., scRNA- seq) data are comparatively underdeveloped.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCereb Cortex
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom.
Kalirin is a multidomain protein with important roles in neurite outgrowth, and synaptic spine formation and remodeling. Genetic and pathophysiological links with various neuropsychiatric disorders associated with synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment have sparked interest in its potential as a pharmacological target. Multiple Kalirin proteoforms are detected in the adult human brain, yet we know little about the diversity of the transcripts that encode them or their tissue profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Gastroenterol Hepatol
December 2024
Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
Background & Aims: Currently, the main treatment for celiac disease (CD) is gluten free diet (GFD). This observational cohort study investigated the impact of CD and 1 year of GFD on gut function and microbiome.
Methods: 36 newly diagnosed patients and 36 healthy volunteers (HVs) were studied at baseline and at 12 months follow up.
Clin Otolaryngol
December 2024
Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Wellcome Open Res
October 2024
Independent researcher, Knaphill, Woking, England, UK.
We present a genome assembly from an individual female Golden-tabbed robberfly, (Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Asilidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 285.90 megabases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrob Agents Chemother
November 2024
Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Brief Bioinform
November 2024
IBM Research Europe, The Hartree Centre - Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Warrington WA4 4AD, United Kingdom.
Machine learning (ML) methods offer opportunities for gaining insights into the intricate workings of complex biological systems, and their applications are increasingly prominent in the analysis of omics data to facilitate tasks, such as the identification of novel biomarkers and predictive modeling of phenotypes. For scientists and domain experts, leveraging user-friendly ML pipelines can be incredibly valuable, enabling them to run sophisticated, robust, and interpretable models without requiring in-depth expertise in coding or algorithmic optimization. By streamlining the process of model development and training, researchers can devote their time and energies to the critical tasks of biological interpretation and validation, thereby maximizing the scientific impact of ML-driven insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Behav
September 2024
University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47TJ UK.
Unlabelled: Dispersal is an important behavior in many animals, with profound effects on individual fitness and the evolutionary trajectories of populations. This is especially true within taxa with particular life-history strategies, for example those that exploit ephemeral habitat. Further, dispersal is commonly seen to be part of behavioral syndromes - suites of traits that covary across behavioral contexts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Phytol
January 2025
Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829, Cologne, Germany.
The plant microbiota research field has rapidly shifted from efforts aimed at gaining a descriptive understanding of microbiota composition to a focus on acquiring mechanistic insights into microbiota functions and assembly rules. This evolution was driven by our ability to establish comprehensive collections of plant-associated microbes and to reconstruct meaningful microbial synthetic communities (SynComs). We argue that this powerful deconstruction-reconstruction strategy can be used to reconstitute increasingly complex synthetic ecosystems (SynEcos) and mechanistically understand high-level biological organization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
November 2024
School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
The maintenance of intestinal homeostasis is a fundamental process critical for organismal integrity. Sitting at the interface of the gut microbiome and mucosal immunity, adaptive and innate lymphoid populations regulate the balance between commensal micro-organisms and pathogens. Checkpoint inhibitors, particularly those targeting the CTLA-4 pathway, disrupt this fine balance and can lead to inflammatory bowel disease and immune checkpoint colitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarnessing beneficial microorganisms is seen as a promising approach to enhance sustainable agriculture production. Synthetic communities (SynComs) are increasingly being used to study relevant microbial activities and interactions with the plant host. Yet, the lack of community standards limits the efficiency and progress in this important area of research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
October 2024
Engineering Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich, UK.
During development, most cells experience a progressive restriction of fate that ultimately results in a fully differentiated mature state. Understanding more about the gene expression patterns that underlie developmental programs can inform engineering efforts for new or optimized forms. Here, we present a four-state integrase-based recorder of gene expression history and demonstrate its use in tracking gene expression events in Arabidopsis thaliana in two developmental contexts: lateral root initiation and stomatal differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Microbiol
January 2025
Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, Norwich, United Kingdom; University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of significant concern for the food industry due to its remarkable ability to persist through safety control efforts, posing a subsequent health threat to consumers. Understanding the microbial communities coexisting with L. monocytogenes in food processing environments provides insights into its persistence mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Methods
November 2024
Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Pangenome graphs can represent all variation between multiple reference genomes, but current approaches to build them exclude complex sequences or are based upon a single reference. In response, we developed the PanGenome Graph Builder, a pipeline for constructing pangenome graphs without bias or exclusion. The PanGenome Graph Builder uses all-to-all alignments to build a variation graph in which we can identify variation, measure conservation, detect recombination events and infer phylogenetic relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Bioinformatics
October 2024
Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
Traditional gene set enrichment analyses are typically limited to a few ontologies and do not account for the interdependence of gene sets or terms, resulting in overcorrected p-values. To address these challenges, we introduce mulea, an R package offering comprehensive overrepresentation and functional enrichment analysis. mulea employs a progressive empirical false discovery rate (eFDR) method, specifically designed for interconnected biological data, to accurately identify significant terms within diverse ontologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Biodivers
October 2024
Leibniz Institut für Zoo und Wildtierforschung, Berlin, Germany.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics
December 2024
European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom; Earlham Institute Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, UK; Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK. Electronic address:
Single-cell Sequencing technology (scSeq) has revolutionized our understanding of individual cells, uncovering unprecedented heterogeneity within tissues and cell populations, principality through single-cell RNA Sequencing (scRNA-Seq). This short review highlights the pivotal role of scRNA-Seq in elucidating genotype-phenotype relationships, particularly in biological systems. Based on published articles, our analysis involved manual curation and automated Scopus tools to illustrate recent advances in the application of scRNA-Seq.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWellcome Open Res
June 2024
Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, England, TW9 3AB, UK.
Commun Biol
September 2024
Gut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
JHEP Rep
October 2024
Gut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
Background & Aims: Senescence has been reported to have differential functions in cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during human and murine cholestatic disease, being detrimental in biliary cells and anti-fibrotic in HSCs. Cholestatic liver disease is associated with loss of intestinal barrier function and changes in the microbiome, the mechanistic cause of which is undetermined.
Methods: Intestinal samples were analysed from controls and patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, as well as wild-type (WT) and p16-3MR transgenic mice.
NPJ Biodivers
September 2024
Leibniz Institut für Zoo und Wildtierforschung, Berlin, Germany.
NPJ Biodivers
September 2024
Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172, Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.