Total Body Water Dynamics Estimated with Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis and B-Type Natriuretic Peptide After Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia: A Field Study.

Strapazzon, Giacomo, Matiram Pun, Tomas Dal Cappello, Emily Procter, Piergiorgio Lochner, Hermann Brugger, and Antonio Piccoli. Total body water dynamics estimated with bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and B-type natriuretic peptide after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia: A field study. High Alt Med Biol.

Severe Hypothermia Management in Mountain Rescue: A Survey Study.

Unlabelled: Podsiadło, Paweł, Tomasz Darocha, Sylweriusz Kosiński, Kinga Sałapa, Mirosław Ziętkiewicz, Tomasz Sanak, Rachel Turner, and Hermann Brugger. Severe hypothermia management in mountain rescue: A survey study. High Alt Med Biol 18:411-416, 2017.

Wilderness Medical Society Practice Guidelines for Prevention and Management of Avalanche and Nonavalanche Snow Burial Accidents.

To provide guidance to clinicians and avalanche professionals about best practices, the Wilderness Medical Society convened an expert panel to develop evidence-based guidelines for the prevention, rescue, and medical management of avalanche and nonavalanche snow burial victims. Recommendations are graded on the basis of quality of supporting evidence according to the classification scheme of the American College of Chest Physicians.

Physician staffed helicopter emergency medical systems can provide advanced trauma life support in mountainous and remote areas.

Introduction: In remote and mountainous areas, helicopter emergency medical systems (HEMS) are used to expedite evacuation and provide pre-hospital advanced trauma life support (ATLS) in major trauma victims. Aim of the study was to investigate feasibility of ATLS in HEMS mountain rescue missions and its influence on patient condition at hospital admission.

Patients: 58 major trauma victims (Injury Severity Score ≥16), evacuated by physician staffed HEMS from remote and mountainous areas in the State of Tyrol, Austria between 1.

Oxidative stress response to acute hypobaric hypoxia and its association with indirect measurement of increased intracranial pressure: a field study.

High altitude is the most intriguing natural laboratory to study human physiological response to hypoxic conditions. In this study, we investigated changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress biomarkers during exposure to hypobaric hypoxia in 16 lowlanders. Moreover, we looked at the potential relationship between ROS related cellular damage and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) as an indirect measurement of intracranial pressure.

Burial duration, depth and air pocket explain avalanche survival patterns in Austria and Switzerland.

Aim: To calculate the first Austrian avalanche survival curve and update a Swiss survival curve to explore survival patterns in the Alps.

Methods: Avalanche accidents occurring between 2005/06 and 2012/13 in Austria and Switzerland were collected. Completely buried victims (i.

Risk of Avalanche Involvement in Winter Backcountry Recreation: The Advantage of Small Groups.

Objective: Avalanches are the primary hazard for winter backcountry recreationists and cause numerous deaths and injuries annually. Although recreationists usually travel in groups, there is little empirical knowledge on group-related risk factors. This study aims to explore the relative risk of avalanche accidents with respect to group size and to discuss underlying reasons for different risk levels.

Influence of low ambient temperature on epitympanic temperature measurement: a prospective randomized clinical study.

Background: Epitympanic temperature (Tty) measured with thermistor probes correlates with core body temperature (Tcore), but the reliability of measurements at low ambient temperature is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if commercially-available thermistor-based Tty reflects Tcore in low ambient temperature and if Tty is influenced by insulation of the ear.

Methods: Thirty-one participants (two females) were exposed to room (23.

Medical and logistical challenges of trauma care in a 12-day cave rescue: A case report.

Aim: To describe the case of a patient with a severe head injury at a depth of about 1000 m from the cave entrance in Bavaria, Germany, who received pre-hospital trauma care for 12 days until evacuation.

Results: Search and rescue (SAR) operation involved 728 rescuers, 202 working directly in the cave (for a total of 9239 h) and 7 physicians from five countries. At 6-month follow-up, the patient had recovered completely and resumed his job.

Ultrasonography of the Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Acute Mountain Sickness: A Systematic Review.

Aims: Despite extensive research on acute mountain sickness (AMS), the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. Ultrasonography studies have shown that optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) correlates with intracranial pressure (ICP) in critical care patients, and recent studies report elevated ONSD values at high altitude. The aim of this review was to elucidate whether 1.

Apparent Cooling Rate of 7°C per Hour in an Avalanche Victim.

Avalanche victims can become hypothermic within 35 minutes of snow burial. However, reported cooling rates for avalanche victims are highly variable and it is poorly understood how much cooling is influenced by general factors (body composition, clothing, ambient conditions, duration of burial, and metabolism), unknown inter-individual factors or other phenomena (e.g.

Factors associated with B-lines after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia.

Aims: Increased extravascular lung water (EVLW) is seen as B-lines on chest ultrasonography. In lowlanders ascending to altitude the time course, relationship with the patient's clinical status and factors affecting B-lines are still unclear. The aim was to monitor B-lines, clinical status and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) during exposure to high altitude.

Epidemiological and medical aspects of canyoning rescue operations.

Aim: To describe the characteristics of canyoning rescue operations (CRO), type and severity of injuries or illnesses, and on-site medical procedures.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of all CRO data from an emergency medical rescue team in Aragon, Spain, between 1 August 1999 and 31 July 2009.

Results: A total of 520 patients were identified, with a male to female ratio of 1.