Celiac Crisis: A Life-Threatening Complication of Celiac Disease.

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy with varied systemic involvement and association with increased morbidity and mortality. Strong clinical suspicion is the key, and diagnosis is made using histopathology and serology. Though the consumption of a strict gluten-free diet can improve symptoms and limit mucosal damage, curative therapy is still lacking.

Siblings With Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy: Clinical Insights and Challenges.

Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL), also known as congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL), is an exceptionally rare autosomal recessive disorder marked by a significant deficiency of adipose tissue throughout the body. This lack of adipose tissue, normally found beneath the skin and between internal organs, leads to impaired adipocyte formation and fat storage, causing lipids to accumulate in atypical tissues such as muscles and the liver. The extent of adipose tissue loss directly influences the severity of symptoms, which can include a muscular appearance, increased appetite, bone cysts, marrow fat depletion, acromegalic features, severe insulin resistance, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hepatic steatosis, hepatomegaly, cirrhosis, and intellectual disability.

Comparative efficacy and safety of co-amoxiclav, cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin in patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis: A prospective, open-label, parallel group study.

Background: No clinical trials have compared the efficacy and safety of beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones in acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid), cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin monotherapy in patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis.

Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, parallel-group study where 90 patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis were equally divided into three groups to receive either tablet co-amoxiclav 625 mg thrice daily, tablet cefpodoxime proxetil 200 mg twice daily, or tablet levofloxacin 500 mg once daily for five days.

Mortality and functional outcomes in elderly adults treated surgically by hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures.

Background: Despite multiple studies, less recent literature and data regarding the mortality associated with hip fractures in the elderly population are available.

Objectives: To assess the mortality data and functional outcomes of patients who underwent cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty in femoral neck fractures. To evaluate if preoperative (minimum 2 months) calcium and vitamin D supplement intake in patients affects postoperative mobilization with or without walker support.

Effect of intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure on post-operative pulmonary complications in overweight patients undergoing elective laparoscopic hernia surgery: A prospective randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Post-operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are a significant cause of morbidity following surgery. This study evaluated the effect of intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on PPCs in overweight patients undergoing elective laparoscopic hernia surgery.

Patients And Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, 60 patients with a body mass index between 25 and 30 kg/m² were divided equally into a standard PEEP group (5 cm H2O) and a high PEEP group (10 cm H2O).

A protocol to study the effect of targeted parental education intervention to identify early childhood development disorder - multisite interventional study.

Background: In India, approximately 3.5 million children are affected by Developmental Delay (DD), often stemming from preterm births. These delays contribute to neurological and motor development delays, placing a significant financial burden on families.

Prevalence of Microbiologically Confirmed Female Genital Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Faridabad, Haryana, India.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of microbiologically confirmed female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) infection in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Materials And Methods: A total of 623 endometrial biopsy samples were processed in the mycobacteriology laboratory from the outpatient and inpatient gynecology departments between May 2022 and February 2024. Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smear was performed on all samples.

Receptor Binding Domain-Specific B Cell Memory Responses Among Individuals Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2.

: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted unprecedented vaccine development efforts against SARS-CoV-2. India, which was one of the countries most impacted by COVID-19, developed its indigenous vaccine in addition to utilizing the ones developed by other countries. While antibody levels and neutralizing antibody titres are considered initial correlates of immune protection, long-term protection from the pathogen relies on memory B and T cells and their recall responses.

"Comparison of the efficacy of Erich arch bars, IMF screws and SMART Lock Hybrid arch bars in the management of mandibular fractures- A Randomized clinical study".

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the efficacy of Erich Arch Bar (EAB), Inter Maxillary Fixation (IMF) screws and SMART Lock Hybrid arch bar (HABs) in the treatment of mandibular fractures.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized clinical study was carried out in the Department of Dentistry at ESIC Hospital in Hyderabad from August 2021 to August 2023. The study comprised of three groups (EAB group (31), IMF screw group (33) and HABs group (29)).

Designing a summative assessment blueprint in community medicine: an expert consensus approach at All India Institute of Medical Sciences.

Background: Despite the increasing integration of competency-based education in medicine, there remains a significant gap in effectively assessing educational outcomes, underscoring the urgent need for designed assessment blueprints that accurately reflect both curriculum content and competency standards in Community Medicine for undergraduate students. This study, conducted across the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) network, develops a summative assessment blueprint aimed at standardizing evaluations in medical education across diverse geographic locations in India.

Methods: Twenty-five experts from 10 All India Institutes of Medical Science were invited via email and contributed for summative assessment for a theory paper.

Transmigration of an Impacted Mandibular Canine: A Report of Two Cases.

Transmigration of an impacted mandibular canine is a rare entity. Published cases are scarce. The etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear.

Association of serum uric acid levels with glycated haemoglobin in diabetic patients and healthy controls.

Introduction: Uric acid is formed from purine degradation. Hyperuricemia has emerged as a risk factor for various metabolic diseases including Diabetes mellitus (DM). Uric acid may act as a glucometabolic indicator for Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Postpartum morbidity and its determinants with special reference to anemia among urban vulnerable population in Uttar Pradesh: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The postpartum period is critically important for comprehensive obstetric care; however, most women are neglected during this important period.

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the burden of postpartum morbidities and associated factors among the urban vulnerable population in Gautam Buddha district, Uttar Pradesh.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 postpartum women in urban slums of Gautam Buddha district.

Intravitreal therapy for the management of diabetic retinopathy: A concise review.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and may result in irreversible visual loss. Laser treatment has been the gold standard treatment for diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy for many years. Of late, intravitreal therapy has emerged as a cornerstone in the management of DR.

Postpartum Depression and Its Determinants: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most prevalent psychological disorder after childbirth associated with a negative impact on the daily functioning of mothers and the cognitive development of infants. Inequitable primary mental health access in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) further aggravates this major public health problem. Objective The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence and determinants of PPD among women reporting to secondary care facilities in Delhi, India.

Diabetic retinopathy: A review on its pathophysiology and novel treatment modalities.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic non-communicable disease with the ability to cause serious microvascular and macrovascular complications throughout the body, including in the eye. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), present in one-third of patients with diabetes, is a vision-threatening complication caused by uncontrolled diabetes, which greatly affects the retinal blood vessels and the light-sensitive inner retina, eventually leading to blindness. Several epidemiological studies elucidate that DR can vary by age of onset, duration, types of diabetes, and ethnicity.

Retrieval of patent ductus arteriosus device embolization using hybrid approach: a case report.

Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect that requires closure to prevent complications like heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Catheter-based closure using devices such as the Amplatzer duct occluder is the preferred method due to its minimally invasive nature. However, device embolization is a rare but recognized complication, particularly in small children or high-flow PDAs.

Role of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose in Enhancing the Efficacy of Standard of Care for Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Outcomes.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the role of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose (2-DG) in moderate to severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. Methodology This study retrospectively analyzed the effects of 2-DG alongside Standard of Care (SOC) for moderate to severe COVID-19 in 150 patients. Eligible patients were aged 18-65, with confirmed COVID-19, who met clinical criteria for moderate or severe illness.

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography-Based Correlation Between Left Atrial Strain and Functional Capacity in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Introduction: The left atrium (LA) dilates and its function decreases as a chronic secondary change in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). LA strain is a more sensitive measure of LV filling pressure than LA volume and can be used to predict the functional capacity in HCM.

Objective: To analyze LA strain in patients with HCM and its correlation with exercise tolerance.

Exploring the Idea of Human Reproduction in Space: A Potential Area for Future Research.

As space travel evolves from brief missions to longer expeditions, and with the rise of space tourism, there is increasing interest in understanding how space travel affects human reproductive physiology and the feasibility of procreation in space. Space travel presents various potential hazards to reproductive health such as exposure to ionizing radiation, exposure to changes in gravity, psychological stress, and disruptions to the endocrine and urogenital systems, as well as the circadian rhythm. This article explores how cosmic radiation and microgravity impact both female and male gametogenesis, embryogenesis, and reproductive physiology.

Comparison of efficacy and safety between palonosetron and ondansetron to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a prevalent and distressing complication, especially in laparoscopic surgeries. This review compares the efficacy and safety of palonosetron and ondansetron in preventing PONV after laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Cochrane Library to identify comparative studies that reported the efficacy (nausea and vomiting) at three postoperative time points T1 (0-2 hours), T2 (2-6 hours), T3 (6-24 hours) and safety (incidence of adverse effects).

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Adults in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The global health crisis triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, known as the COVID-19 pandemic, prompted vaccination drives worldwide, including in India, to address the crisis. However, vaccine hesitancy remains a significant challenge to achieving vaccination goals. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis during 2021-2023 to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adults in India and identify associated factors.

Adductor canal block (ACB) plus infiltration of the posterior capsule of the knee (iPACK) block versus 4-in-1 block in an arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair: A randomised study.

Background And Aims: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair is a common sports-related surgery requiring early rehabilitation. Injection between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee (iPACK) provides analgesia to the posterior knee and, when combined with adductor canal block (ACB), can provide complete analgesia for knee surgery. A 4-in-1 block, a single injection, has been studied for analgesia in TKR but not ACL repair.