The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on routine surgical turnover in otolaryngology: a retrospective analysis of service dynamics utilizing finalized, cumulative data from a tertiary-care teaching institute in India.

Objective: To ascertain the effect of coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on routine (non-COVID) Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS) turnover in a tertiary-care teaching institute, utilizing the cumulated, finalized dataset one year after the pandemic ceased to be a "public health emergency of international concern".

Methodology: In this retrospective analysis, annual routine turnover in the ORL-HNS categories (otology, rhinology/skull-base, head-neck/airway, emergency, miscellaneous) for the COVID-period (2020-21) were individually compared with pre-COVID (2017-19) data. Subsequently, categorical turnovers, along with the major surgeries in each category, were compared trimester-wise in the COVID-period.

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Magnetic foreign body ingestion poses a threat especially if more than one is ingested. If consumed alone, small magnetic foreign bodies are likely to pass without significant event; however, when multiple magnets are ingested, they can be attracted to each other through the intestinal wall, which may lead to serious consequences and complications, including bowel perforation, obstruction, peritonitis, and death. We report a case of a 2-years male child patient presented with multiple small round magnetic beads ingestion from a magnetic pendant that appeared like a necklace pearl after conglomeration on abdominal radiograph.

Rapid survey for assessing effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC) and effective refractive error coverage (eREC)-Novel indicators of universal eye health.

Purpose: As per the recent World Health Organization estimates, approximately 2.2 billion people have near and distance vision impairment (VI) globally, and out of this almost 50% is avoidable.

Methods: The Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Visual Impairment survey was a cross-sectional study conducted in September 2021, using cluster random sampling in 42 clusters with a cluster size of 140, giving a total of 6000 participants.

Improving Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness Among Medical Students in India: The Sensitization of Medical Students on Antimicrobial Resistance (SOS-AMR) Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of an online educational intervention on improving knowledge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and stewardship among final-year medical students in Chennai, India.

Methods: This was a prospective 'before-after' study conducted across 5 medical colleges in Chennai, India. Participants who were final-year (fourth year) undergraduate medical students were administered a pretest to evaluate baseline knowledge.

Effect of stress on contextual pain sensitivity in the preoperative period- A proof of concept study.

Background And Aims: The importance of non-noxious contextual inputs in the interplay of pain with neurophysiologic and behavioral factors is gaining recognition. Stress of impending surgery can act as a negative context, leading to a decrease in pain threshold in patients. This study was conducted to assess the influence of stress conferred by the imminent and other contextual inputs such as anxiety, socioeconomic status, prior painful experience, and the effect of gender on modulation of pain perception in patients undergoing elective surgery.

Utility of 18-Flurodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography ( FDG PET-CT) in Gallbladder Cancer: Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital.

 Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignancies of the Indo-Gangetic plains. Despite its widespread use in GBC cases, the role of 18-flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ( FDG PET-CT) in the management of this disease is not well defined. In our study, we present the practice trends of the utilization of this investigative modality in our hospital and its benefits in aiding diagnosis, staging, and surveillance for recurrence.

Evaluation of the outcome of right subumbilical transverse incision approach for the management of complicated appendicitis in paediatric age group - A multi-institutional retrospective study.

Aim: The aim is to evaluate the outcome of right subumbilical transverse incision approach for the management of complicated appendicitis in paediatric age group.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective multi-institutional study which was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, I Q City Medical College and Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal, India and the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Rajiv Gandhi Super Speciality Hospital/Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India. In this study, a review of 77 paediatric patients operated for complicated appendicitis using a right subumbilical transverse incision approach was done for a period of 3 years (from December 2017 to December 2020).

Correlative Evaluation of Seven Cytological 3-Tier Grading Systems of Breast Carcinoma with the Standard Histological Grading: A 4 and ½ Year Study.

Introduction: The early diagnosis of breast carcinoma is of paramount importance in its management. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has the potential to play a pivotal role in providing the relevant information on the aggressiveness of this tumor. But there is no gold standard when it comes to cytological grading of breast carcinoma as there is no consensus between the pathologists and also the clinicians as to which grading is as par with the gold standard Elston-Ellis modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) histological grading.

Avulsion of Permanent Mandibular Incisors: A Report of Two Cases with Pertinent Literature.

This study reports two rare cases of avulsion of permanent mandibular incisors with their sequelae after being reimplanted by two contrary methods. The relevant literature regarding the avulsion of permanent mandibular incisors is also being discussed. In Case I, a 9-year-old girl reported an avulsion of the permanent mandibular left lateral incisor that was immediately reimplanted within 20 minutes after injury, whereas in Case II, all four permanent mandibular incisors were avulsed and reimplanted after a prolonged extraoral dry time of 36 hours in an 18-year-old female.

Serum Calcium Concentration and its Association with Disease Severity in Critically Ill Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit.

Introduction: Calcium is one of the most important electrolytes of human body and regulators of cell events, such as signaling, hormone secretion, glycogen metabolism, and cell mitosis. Extracellular calcium not only is a source for intracellular calcium but also has an important role in the maintenance and stability of cell wall and clot formation (1). The wide range in the concentration of total calcium may be related to changes in albumin concentration or any change in hydration in patients.

A Longitudinal Analytical Study on Umbilical Cord Coiling Index as a Predictor of Pregnancy Outcome.

Background The umbilical cord coiling index (UCI) is usually measured sonographically during antenatal follow-up and can be used to determine the fetuses at risk of adverse outcomes. Methodology UCI measured antenatally and postnatally whose correlation is studied along with the association of abnormal UCI with the adverse outcomes in terms of gestational age, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), intra-uterine death, birth weight, sex, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, the color of the liquor, Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI), Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration (APGAR) score at one min and five mins and mode of delivery. All parameters are tested for significant differences among UCI and a p-value < 0.

Dual Venous Drainage for the Free Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap-Using the Serratus Vein Tributary-Making Virtue of a Necessity.

 Most flap failures in the lower limb are on account of venous congestion. Literature shows a decrease in the incidence of venous failure when two veins are anastomosed. The thoracodorsal pedicle of the latissimus dorsi free flap affords the possibility of a single venous anastomosis.

Comparative pulmonary function test parameters in non-tribal and tribal women in singleton first, second, and the third trimester of pregnancy.

Background: During pregnancy, women undergo adaptive changes in different organ systems including the respiratory system by hormonal changes and mechanical pressures. Several previous studies reported the change in pulmonary functions in pregnancy and tribal populations. However, trimester-wise, pulmonary functions in tribal women residing in Jharkhand, India, are not available.

Social and health concerns of elderly women in rural area in Tirupur District, Tamil Nadu.

Background: Population ageing is a major challenging demographic transition with socioeconomic and health issues. Women constitute 55% of all older persons facing a lot of ill-health, social deprivation, etc., Globally various studies have reported the health issues in men and women as a whole.

MIS-A after COVID-19: Points to Ponder.

Ish P, Kunal S, Sakthivel P. MIS-A after COVID-19: Points to Ponder. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(4):531.

Publication performance of Indian authors in high impact anesthesiology journals: Are we doing enough?

Background And Aims: Over the years, there is a continuing increase in the number of anesthesia journals and good quality articles are being submitted to these journals from all over the world. The aim of the study was to assess the contribution of Indian authors to high impact anesthesia journals.

Material And Methods: The study is a literature survey design and thus ethics committee clearance was not required.

Cysticercosis: A case of missed diagnosis.

Human cysticercosis caused by the larval stage of the pork tapeworm-Taenia solium, is a potentially dangerous systemic disease with vague clinical manifestations. Subcutaneous and muscular tissues are most commonly involved followed by, the eye and brain. A variety of clinical presentations, pathology that ranges from simple cysts to calcified lesions, and limited familiarity with the parasitic infection can make it challenging to diagnose.

Utility of wrist circumference in recognition of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese South Indian children and adolescents.

Objective: To describe the utility of wrist circumference in the identification of cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the obesity clinic of a tertiary care referral hospital over a two year period. All children and adolescents aged 5-17 years with nutritional overweight and obesity were recruited.

Is Interferon α-2b 1 MillionIU/mL Truly Better Than Tacrolimus 0.03% for Steroid-Resistant VKC ?: Our 2-Year Experience at a Tertiary Health-Care Centre.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of eye-drop interferon (IFN) α-2b 1 millionIU/mL with eye-ointment tacrolimus 0.03% in refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with VKC refractory to conventional treatment with topical corticosteroids and antihistamines after 4 weeks of regular use were selected retrospectively.

Evaluating the Viability of a Smartphone-Based Annotation Tool for Faster and Accurate Image Labelling for Artificial Intelligence in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Introduction: Deep Learning (DL) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have become widespread due to the advanced technologies and availability of digital data. Supervised learning algorithms have shown human-level performance or even better and are better feature extractor-quantifier than unsupervised learning algorithms. To get huge dataset with good quality control, there is a need of an annotation tool with a customizable feature set.