Three novel quinoline alkaloids from Tetradium glabrifolium and their antibacterial activities.

Three novel quinoline alkaloids, tetradiunitiside A (1), tetradiunitiside B (2), glycohaplopine-6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), along with eight known ones (4-11) were isolated from the fruits of Tetradium glabrifolium. Their structures were inferred by IR, 1D NMR and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectra. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for the antibacterial activities.

Evaluation of Generative Artificial Intelligence Models in Predicting Pediatric Emergency Severity Index Levels.

Objective: Evaluate the accuracy and reliability of various generative artificial intelligence (AI) models (ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, T5, Llama-2, Mistral-Large, and Claude-3 Opus) in predicting Emergency Severity Index (ESI) levels for pediatric emergency department patients and assess the impact of medically oriented fine-tuning.

Monodisperse oligo(ε-caprolactones) with terpenes and alkyl end-groups: synthesis, isolation, characterization, and antibacterial activity.

Linear aliphatic oligoesters derived from ε-caprolactone (CL) were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) using terpene alcohols that have antibacterial activity as initiators (nerol, geraniol, β-citronellol and farnesol). Ammonium decamolybdate (NH)[MoO] was used as a catalyst. From previous oligoesters, monodisperse species of monomers, dimers, and trimers were isolated by flash column chromatography (FCC).

Design, synthesis, anticancer activity and molecular docking of quinoline-based dihydrazone derivatives.

Based on the biologically active heterocycle quinoline, we successfully synthesized a series of quinoline-based dihydrazone derivatives (3a-3d). H NMR, C NMR, ESI-HRMS, IR, element analysis, UV/Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were performed to comprehensively characterize their chemical structures, spectral properties and stability. Nitrosamine impurities were not detected in 3a-3d, and the systemic toxicological assessment indicated that the toxicity of 3a-3d was lower.

LC-MS/MS analysis of surface and lysate N-glycans of CHO-K1 cells: Structure, relative quantity, and absolute quantity.

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells are widely used in biomedical research relevant to cancer, toxicity screening, and viruses, as well as in the production of recombinant proteins for biopharmaceuticals. In this study, liquid chromatography (LC)-electrospray ionization (ESI)-higher energy collisional dissociation (HCD)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used to characterize the surface and lysate N-glycans of CHO-K1 cells and analyze their structures. The relative quantity (%) of each N-glycan and absolute quantity (pmol) of total N-glycans were also obtained.

Enhancing the nutritional value of sorghum grains bred for northern Europe through processing: A perspective on phenolic bioaccessibility and protein digestibility.

The effect of dehulling and cooking on the in vitro digestibility, and phenolic profiles was evaluated for four Dutch sorghum varieties (HD7 and HD19, Sorghum bicolor; and HD100 and HD101 Sorghum nigricans) bred in the Netherlands. Protein content ranged from 9 to 14 % and grains with black pericarp were more resistant to dehulling. Essential amino acids composition analysis showed that the lysine chemical score (∼0.

Two new phytoecdysteroids isolated from .

Two new phytoecdysteroids, (24)-20,26-dihydroxy-24(28)-dehydro-28-methyl-ecdysone (), (24)-22,25-epoxy-2,3,14,20-tetrahydroxyergosta-7,24(28)-dien-28-methyl-6-one (), together with eleven known compounds (-) were isolated from the whole plant of L. The chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS and compared with data from the literature. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on NO, TNF-α and IL-6 production in LPS-induced RAW 264.

Discovery of potent anti-toxoplasmosis drugs from secondary metabolites in Citrus limon (lemon) leaves, supported in-silico study.

Toxoplasmosis induced by Toxoplasma gondii is a well-known health threat, that prompts fatal encephalitis increased with immunocompromised patients, in addition, it can cause chorioretinitis, microcephaly, stillbirth in the fetus and even led to death. Standard therapy uses sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine drugs revealed beneficial results during the acute stage, however, it has severe side effects. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS used to explore C.

Characteristics of Cognitive Event-Related Potential Components and N170 Source Analysis in Patients with Acute Cerebellar Infarction.

This study aims to evaluate cognitive impairments in patients with acute cerebellar infarction using event-related potentials (ERP) and electrophysiological source imaging (ESI). Thirty patients with acute cerebellar infarction and 32 healthy volunteers were selected. Cognitive potentials were recorded and measured using a visual Oddball paradigm.

Two new chromones from L. and their bioactivities.

Two new chromones, oleracone H () and oleracone I (), were isolated from L. and identified by UV, IR, UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and CD spectra. In 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical quenching assay, oleracone H () and oleracone I () presented scavenging activities with IC values (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of 16.

Cloning, Heterologous Expression, and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Glycoside Hydrolase 16 Family Enzyme for Biorefinery of Furcellaria lumbricalis.

Carrageenan has strong structural heterogeneity, resulting in the production of several hybridized forms in nature. Furcellaran is a typical hybrid type of carrageenan that includes both κ-carrageenan and β-carrageenan motifs in its structure. The discovery and characterization of a novel furcellaranase is of great significance for investigating and determining the structures of carrageenan.

Non-suppressed ion chromatography-tandem electrospray mass spectrometry using a short column for simultaneous analysis of dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and bromate: aqueous ammonia as the eluent additive.

Dichloroacetic acid (DCAA), trichloroacetic acid (TCAA), and bromate (BrO) are disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formed during drinking water treatment and pose health risks. Rapid and reliable detection of these DBPs is essential for ensuring water safety. Non-suppressed ion chromatography (IC)-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS) offers a promising approach for simultaneous analysis of organic haloacetic acids (HAAs) and inorganic oxyhalides, but previous methods using toxic methylamine can pose health risks.

The biomedical applications of artificial intelligence: an overview of decades of research.

A significant area of computer science called artificial intelligence (AI) is successfully applied to the analysis of intricate biological data and the extraction of substantial associations from datasets for a variety of biomedical uses. AI has attracted significant interest in biomedical research due to its features: (i) better patient care through early diagnosis and detection; (ii) enhanced workflow; (iii) lowering medical errors; (v) lowering medical costs; (vi) reducing morbidity and mortality; (vii) enhancing performance; (viii) enhancing precision; and (ix) time efficiency. Quantitative metrics are crucial for evaluating AI implementations, providing insights, enabling informed decisions, and measuring the impact of AI-driven initiatives, thereby enhancing transparency, accountability, and overall impact.

Cochliomycin H, a new 12-membered resorcylic acid lactone from sponge-derived fungus sp. ZYX-Z-4.

A new 12-membered resorcylic acid lactone, cochliomycin H (), and one known resorcylic acid lactone, -demethylated-zeaenol (), were isolated from sponge-derived fungus sp. ZYX-Z-4. The structure of was elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic as well as HR-ESI-MS analysis.

Capillary Isoelectric Focusing of Proteins and Peptides Using an In-Line cIEF-ESI Interface with Improved MS Characteristics.

Intact protein analysis using mass spectrometry (MS) is an important technique to characterize and provide a comprehensive overview of protein complexity. It is also the basis of "top-down" approaches in proteomics to describe the proteoforms of single protein's post-translational modifications (PTMs). MS-based analysis of intact proteins benefits from high-resolution separations prior to electrospray ionization.

Column Screening and Development of HILIC and RPLC Methods Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Monitoring of Albumin on Cysteine 34 Exposed to Mustard Agents.

Adduction on protein nucleophile sites by mustard agents can be monitored to assess detection of retrospective exposure to these agents. Cysteine 34 (Cys34) on human serum albumin was selected as the target of choice. This work targets di- and tripeptides adducted on Cys34 by sulfur mustard, sesquimustard, and nitrogen mustards separated in hydrophilic liquid chromatography (HILIC) and Reversed-Phase (RP) mode.

Emergence of an unconventional Enterobacter cloacae-derived Iturin A C-15 as a potential therapeutic agent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant global health threat by reducing the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics, particularly against pathogens like Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This study investigates the antimicrobial potential of rhizospheric soil bacteria from Prosopis cineraria (Sangri) in the Thar Desert. Bacterial strains isolated from these samples were observed to produce secondary metabolites, notably, Iturin A C-15 cyclic lipopeptide (SS1-3-P) which was extracted from strain Enterobacter cloacae SS1-3 and was purified and characterized using reverse-phase HPLC, ESI-LC/MS, Nile-Red Assay, and FT-IR analysis.

Study of a panel of genetic mutations in fibrocalcific pancreatic diabetes (FCPD): SPINK1 (N34S) mutation unlikely to be relevant.

Panel of known genetic mutations (SPINK1, PRSS1, PRSS2, CTRC, and CFTR) in patients with Fibrocalcific pancreatic diabetes (FCPD)compared to Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and healthy controls with emphasis on SPINK1 (N34S) mutations. Whole blood samples were used to detect mutations by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. In-silico analysis of N34S performed, to explore role in pathogenesis.

An Optimized and Sensitive UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/HRMS Demonstrated the Dynamic Profiling of Allantoin, N-trans-Feruloyl-3-Methoxytyramine, and N-p-Coumaroyltyramine from Portulaca oleracea L. In Vivo in Rats.

This study revealed the dynamic profiling of three main components of Portulaca oleracea L. in vivo in rats, namely allantoin (A), N-trans-feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine (M), and N-p-coumaroyltyramine (C). A sensitive and efficient UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/HRMS, including an optimized separation process, was applied to their qualitative and quantitative analysis.