Associations of chronic liver disease and liver cancer with glyphosate and its metabolites in Thailand.

Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine], a systemic herbicide, is used globally (825 million kg/year) in 750+ formulations. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified glyphosate is a probable human carcinogen (Group 2A), but epidemiological studies have been lacking for its association with liver cancer and chronic liver disease. We analyzed urine specimens from 591 patients with newly diagnosed liver cancer, chronic liver disease (CLD), and healthy individuals from five different medical centers between 2011 to 2016 in Thailand.

analysis of heavy metals and halogenated compounds in reclaimed water using novel electrospray ionization combined with plasma ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometry.

Water scarcity is a global concern that needs addressing through alternative sources. One of the approaches is the use of reclaimed water for irrigation. However, the presence of halogenated compounds and heavy metals in reclaimed water poses significant food safety threats.

Application of Advanced High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Techniques for the Analysis of Losartan Potassium Drug Substance Degradation Products: From Nontargeted to Targeted Screening.

Advances in techniques for quality analysis allow for a more detailed examination of drug impurities. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) contributes to detecting both known and unknown impurities. In this study, a combination of a nontargeted and targeted screening approach was established and applied to the detailed degradation profile of the losartan potassium (LP) drug substance.

Chlorination of quorum sensing molecules: Kinetics and transformation pathways.

The impact of chlorination on quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) is not often addressed in disinfection research. Yet pathogenicity and biofilm formation are controlled by quorum sensing (QS) in many bacteria. Chemical transformation of the compounds could have an impact on all of these processes.

Influence of the second coordination sphere on O activation by a nonheme iron(II) thiolate complex.

The synthesis and characterization of a new ligand, 1-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) amino)-2-methylpropane-2-thiolate (BPAS) and its nonheme iron complex, Fe(BPAS)Br (1), is reported. Reaction of 1 with O at -20 °C generates a high-spin iron(III)-hydroxide complex, [Fe(OH)(BPAS)(Br)] (2), that was characterized by UV-vis, Fe Mössbauer, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to support the spectroscopic assignments.

LAP-MALDI MS analysis of amelogenin from teeth for biological sex estimation.

The biological sex estimation of human individuals can be achieved by extracting fragments of the amelogenin protein from small areas of tooth enamel. The amelogenin gene can be found on both sex chromosomes (X and Y) with chromosome-specific differences in its sequence, and consequently the sequences of the expressed protein in teeth. Virtually all current analytical techniques used to identify the occurrence of the male Y chromosome-specific proteoform employ proteoform-specific peptide analysis by LC-ESI MS/MS, which typically results in longer analytical times due to the LC separation step, despite recent efforts of shortening the LC step.

Quantification of 11 kratom alkaloids including mitragynine and its main metabolites in human plasma using LC-MS/MS.

Recently in the USA, kratom consumers increasingly report use of the plant for self-treatment of mood ailments, the lack of energy, chronic pain, and opioid withdrawal and dependence. Several alkaloids are present in kratom leaves, but limited data are available on their pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, except for mitragynine. To support clinical studies, a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous quantification of 11 kratom alkaloids in human plasma was developed and validated.

Look but don't touch: Non-invasive chemical analysis of organic paint binders - A review.

Diagnostics on historical art samples are decisive for assessing degradation and understanding the chemical composition of supports and polychromies. These investigations help us in uncovering the artist's style and techniques and provide invaluable information for restoration, preservation and conservation. In paint formulation, the binder, also known as medium, disperses insoluble pigments and creates a homogeneous, adhesive mixture.

Two new sesquiterpenol caffeates from Bauhinia brychycarpa Wall. ex Benth. and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Two new sesquiterpenol caffeates, bausesquitate A (1) and bausesquitate B (2), were isolated from the stems and leaves of Bauhinia brychycarpa. Structures of two compounds were confirmed by UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, ECD spectra and DP4+ probability analysis. In vitro, compounds 1 and 2 showed better inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase than acarbose (IC = 280.

A novel pyrazole-pyrazoline fluorescent probe for the detection of Cu and Fe in living cells.

Copper ions and iron ions are abundant metal ions in nature, and are also essential trace elements in the human body, playing a crucial role in various physiological activities. However, the detection of copper and iron ions also poses significant challenges. This article reports the synthesis of a novel fluorescent probe X based on the pyrazole structure, which exhibits unique optoelectronic properties, strong biological activity, good selectivity, excellent detection limit, high sensitivity, and its structure was characterized by H NMR, C NMR, and HR-ESI-MS.

Selective detection of Fe via fluorescent in real sample using aminoanthraquinone resorcin[4]arene-based receptors with logic gate application.

Resorcin[4]arene based fluorescent sensors RES-AAQ containing eight anthraquinone groups as binding sites, were developed for very accurate and sensitive detection of Fe metal ion. The motivation for this study lies in the need for advanced sensing techniques for precisely identifying Fe ions. Due to its unique redox properties, Fe plays a crucial role in biological processes, environmental remediation, medical diagnostics, and advanced detection methods.

Effect of ethyl acetate extract of the whole plant Clerodendrum phlomidis on improving bleomycin (BLM)-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in Rats: In vitro and in vivo research.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a prevalent chronic lung condition of unknown etiology characterized by fibrosis and inflammation. Lung scarring progresses owing to cytokines and immune cells that promote inflammation and fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties of the ethyl acetate extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis (CPEA), derived from the Indian plant "agnimantha," are recognized in traditional Ayurvedic medicine.

[Comparative Evaluation of Encephalon State Index and Bispectral Index in Monitoring the Depth of Anesthesia during the Surgical Anesthesia Stage].

Objective: Evaluate the performance of the encephalon state index (ESI) in depth of anesthesia monitoring during clinical surgery, compared with the bispectral index (BIS).

Methods: ESI and BIS data were collected from 60 patients in a single-center clinical trial to compare their efficacy in measuring the depth of anesthesia.

Results: Consistency analysis revealed mean differences and standard deviations of －0.

Systems Neuroscience Computing in Python (SyNCoPy): a python package for large-scale analysis of electrophysiological data.

We introduce an open-source Python package for the analysis of large-scale electrophysiological data, named SyNCoPy, which stands for Systems Neuroscience Computing in Python. The package includes signal processing analyses across time (e.g.

Xylooligosaccharide recovery from sugarcane bagasse using β-xylosidase-less xylanase, BsXln1, produced by Bacillus stercoris DWS1: Characterization, antioxidant potential and influence on probiotics growth under anaerobic conditions.

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are excellent prebiotic which improve health through selective modulation of beneficial gut microbiome. Its production from agroresidues using microbial xylanase is considered as sustainable and economic approach. In this study a xylanase producing bacterium isolated from decaying wood soil was phylogenetically identified and designated as Bacillus stercoris DWS1.

Pediatric Triage Accuracy in Pediatric and General Emergency Departments.

Background And Objectives: Accurate triage at the time of emergency department (ED) presentation is critical for timely acuity assessment and anticipating resource requirements. Commonly, triage is conducted using the Emergency Severity Index (ESI); however, the accuracy of this approach for children in general EDs is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to quantify pediatric triage accuracy in a national sample of ED visits and evaluate whether presentation to a pediatric vs general ED is associated with mistriage.

Training on empathy skills for elderly persons to medical undergraduates: A quasi-experimental study.

Introduction: Undergraduate medical students often lack the soft skill of empathy which is considered as an important attribute for doctors. Hence, this study was conducted to improve the empathy skills among undergraduate students of a medical college in Kolkata.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Rural Health Training Centre of a medical college in Kolkata among the undergraduate medical students during community medicine posting.

Novel curcumin derivatives as potential anticancer agents: design, synthesis and biological evaluation.

Curcumin, originally isolated as natural product from the rhizome of L., is widely known for its anticancer properties. However, the clinical application of curcumin is still limited due to its poor absorption and rapid metabolism.

The "Naturalistic Free Recall" dataset: four stories, hundreds of participants, and high-fidelity transcriptions.

The "Naturalistic Free Recall" dataset provides transcribed verbal recollections of four spoken narratives collected from 229 participants. Each participant listened to two stories, varying in duration from approximately 8 to 13 minutes, recorded by different speakers. Subsequently, participants were tasked with verbally recalling the narrative content in as much detail as possible and in the correct order.

Culcinoside E, a new sulfated steroidal biglycoside from the starfish .

Using various chromatographic separations, six steroid glycoside derivatives, including one new compound named culcinoside E (), were isolated from the methanol extract of the starfish . Their structures were confirmed by detailed analysis of the 1D, 2D NMR, and HR ESI QTOF mass spectra. Among isolated compounds, culcinoside E (), diplasterioside A (), and thornasteroside A () inhibited growth of , whereas culcitoside C () was active on .

Alterations in structural components of extracellular polymeric substance of epilithic bacteria BC1 growing on monumental rock under thermal stress.

In this study, a comparison of biofilm formation, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production, protein and polysaccharides estimation, and protein profiling through SDS-PAGE, FTIR, GC-MS, ESI-MS, SEM, and AFM analysis were done for EPS from epilithic bacteria BC1 obtained from monumental rock under normal room temperature and heat stressed condition. Heat stress (60 ± 2 °C) that simulates hot monumental rock surfaces during the summer season caused  bacteria BC1 to produce more EPS (8.56 g/L), biofilm, protein and polysaccharides, extra SDS-PAGE protein bands of different molecular weight than their control counterpart.

Assembly of silver(I)-copper(I) bimetallic thiolate complexes assisted by phenylacetylene stabilizers.

Ag/Cu bimetallic clusters have been widely reported, but synthesis of such clusters simple self-assembly of heterometallic ions in air remains challenging due to the susceptibility of Cu ions to oxidation. In this study, protected by the phenylacetylene auxiliary ligand, we utilized [Cu(CHCN)]PF in conjunction with the (PrSAg) polymer to form Ag(I)-Cu(I) oligomer precursors, serving as the starting point for constructing a new [AgCu(PrS)(DPPM)](PF) cluster (DPPM = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane, Ag11-xCux, = 5-9). When the (PrSAg) precursor was replaced by (BuSAg), another cluster [AgCuS(BuS)(CHCN)](CHOH)(HO)(PF) (Ag21Cu4) was obtained.

Structural and mechanistic insights into the anti-tyrosinase, anti-melanogenesis, and anti-browning effect of proanthocyanidins from seed coats of Acer truncatum Bunge.

Acer truncatum is a multifunctional tree species with broad applications in ornamental, healthy drink, and seed oil. In the present study, proanthocyanidins were isolated from the seed coats of A. truncatum, which were largely discarded as industrial wastes in seed oil production.