Modulatory Effect of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) on the 2-Oxoglutarate Mitochondrial Carrier.

The 2-oxoglutarate carrier (OGC), pivotal in cellular metabolism, facilitates the exchange of key metabolites between mitochondria and cytosol. This study explores the influence of NADPH on OGC transport activity using proteoliposomes. Experimental data revealed the ability of NADPH to modulate the OGC activity, with a significant increase of 60% at 0.

Hypoglycemic Properties of Extracts-An In Vitro Study on α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibition and Metabolic Profile Determination.

Type-2 diabetes affects an increasing percentage of the world's population and its control through dietary management, involving the consumption of health-promoting foods or their derived supplements, is a common strategy. Several mushroom species have been demonstrated to be endowed with antidiabetic properties, resulting from their ability in improving insulin sensitivity and production, or inhibiting the carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. This study aimed to investigate for the first time the hypoglycemic properties of the edible mushroom (Bull.

Studies on the Comparative Response of Fibers Obtained from the Pastazzo of and Cladodes of on In Vitro Model of Neuroinflammation.

Adhering to a healthy diet has a protective effect on human health, including a decrease in inflammatory diseases due to consuming fiber. The purpose of this manuscript was to obtain and compare two extracts based on fiber (BF and IF-C), derived from two plants particularly present in the Mediterranean region: bergamot () and prickly pear (). The parts used by these plants have been the "pastazzo" for the bergamot and the cladodes for the prickly pear.

Mitochondrial sirtuin 3 and role of natural compounds: the effect of post-translational modifications on cellular metabolism.

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of proteins with enzymatic activity. In particular, they are a family of class III NAD-dependent histone deacetylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases. NAD-dependent deac(et)ylase activities catalyzed by sirtuin include ac(et)ylation, propionylation, butyrylation, crotonylation, manylation, and succinylation.

Validation of Diets with Tomato Pomace in Complete Cycle Breeding of (L.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

By-product-based diets have the potential to improve the environmental and economic sustainability of (Linnaeus, 1758) production. However, evaluations of the efficacy of new diets are generally focused on larval performance, while the effect on adults is poorly understood. This aim of this study was to evaluate diets enriched with tomato pomace over a complete breeding cycle.

First Optimization of Tomato Pomace in Diets for (L.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

Tomato pomace (TP), an agricultural industrial waste product from the tomato processing industry, is valorized as a rearing substrate for (L.). This study evaluated bran-based diets with increasing tomato pomace (0%, 27%, 41%, and 100%).

Environmental and economic impacts of improper materials in the recycling of separated collected food waste through anaerobic digestion and composting.

Separately collected food waste (SC-FW) is effectively recycled through industrial anaerobic digestion (AD) and composting. However, the presence of improper materials in SC-FW not only generates technical problems to AD and composting, but also lowers the quality of the outputs of the processes. As a consequence, improper materials found in SC-FW cause not negligible environmental and economic burdens.

The diverse and unanticipated roles of histone deacetylase 9 in coordinating plant development and environmental acclimation.

Plants tightly control gene transcription to adapt to environmental conditions and steer growth and development. Different types of epigenetic modifications are instrumental in these processes. In recent years, an important role for the chromatin-modifying RPD3/HDA1 class I HDAC HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 (HDA9) emerged in the regulation of a multitude of plant traits and responses.

The impact of light and temperature on chromatin organization and plant adaptation.

Light and temperature shape the developmental trajectory and morphology of plants. Changes in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture can modulate gene expression and lead to short- and long-term plant adaptation to the environment. Here, we review recent reports investigating how changes in chromatin composition, structure, and topology modulate gene expression in response to fluctuating light and temperature conditions resulting in developmental and physiological responses.

Genetic Mapping of the Incompatibility Locus in Olive and Development of a Linked Sequence-Tagged Site Marker.

The genetic control of self-incompatibility (SI) has been recently disclosed in olive. Inter-varietal crossing confirmed the presence of only two incompatibility groups (G1 and G2), suggesting a simple Mendelian inheritance of the trait. A double digest restriction associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing of a biparental population segregating for incompatibility groups has been performed and high-density linkage maps were constructed in order to map the SI locus and identify gene candidates and linked markers.

Let it bloom: cross-talk between light and flowering signaling in Arabidopsis.

The terrestrial environment is complex, with many parameters fluctuating on daily and seasonal basis. Plants, in particular, have developed complex sensory and signaling networks to extract and integrate information about their surroundings in order to maximize their fitness and mitigate some of the detrimental effects of their sessile lifestyles. Light and temperature each provide crucial insights on the surrounding environment and, in combination, allow plants to appropriately develop, grow and adapt.

Hydrolysis of Corn Stover by Talaromyces cellulolyticus Enzymes: Evaluation of the Residual Enzymes Activities Through the Process.

The obtainment of sugars from lignocellulosic residues represents a sustainable and versatile platform for the production of a number of bio-based products. Cellulases are a family of enzymes which can effectively hydrolyze the biomass polysaccharides at mild conditions. Cellulolytic fungi belonging to the genera Trichoderma and Aspergillus are the most commonly source of commercial cellulases used so far.