The role of Contact-Tracing Mobile Apps in pandemic prevention: A multidisciplinary perspective on health beliefs, social, and technological factors.

During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, governments implemented mobile applications for contact tracing as a rapid and effective solution to mitigate the spread of the virus. However, these seemingly straightforward solutions did not achieve their intended objectives. In line with previous research, this paper aims to investigate the factors that influence the acceptance and usage of contact-tracing mobile apps (CTMAs) in the context of disease control.

Strengths of social ties modulate brain computations for third-party punishment.

Costly punishment of social norm transgressors by third-parties has been considered as a decisive stage in the evolution of human cooperation. An important facet of social relationship knowledge concerns the strength of the social ties between individuals, as measured by social distance. Yet, it is unclear how the enforcement of social norms is influenced by the social distance between a third-party and a norm violator at the behavioral and the brain system levels.

Engaging European society at the forefront of cancer research and care: How discussions at the 5 Gago Conference on European Science policy led to the Heidelberg Manifesto.

European cancer research stakeholders met in October 2022 in Heidelberg, Germany, at the 5 Gago conference on European Cancer Policy, to discuss the current cancer research and cancer care policy landscape in Europe. Meeting participants highlighted gaps in the existing European programmes focusing on cancer research, including Europe's Beating Cancer Plan (EBCP), the Mission on Cancer (MoC), Understanding Cancer (UNCAN.eu), and the joint action CRANE, and put forward the next priorities, in the form of the Heidelberg Manifesto for cancer research.

Machine-learning prediction for hospital length of stay using a French medico-administrative database.

Introduction: Prolonged Hospital Length of Stay (PLOS) is an indicator of deteriorated efficiency in Quality of Care. One goal of public health management is to reduce PLOS by identifying its most relevant predictors. The objective of this study is to explore Machine Learning (ML) models that best predict PLOS.

Relational aspects of regulating clinical work: examining electronic and in-person compliance mechanisms.

Background: Clinical documentation quality is an important way to facilitate clinical communication, improve patient safety metrics and optimise hospital coding and public reporting. However, the monitoring of clinicians by external individuals (ie, those outside the profession or emanating from outside clinical teams) raises difficult questions relating to the autonomy of clinicians and an organisation's control over clinical work. Typically, documentation improvement initiatives have relied solely on electronic monitoring systems to vet clinician documentation.

'All Avatars Aren't We': Football and the experience of football-themed digital content during a global pandemic.

This paper explores the contemporary nature of association football consumption. In particular, we argue that the coronavirus 2019 pandemic reveals the contemporary and particular nature of the relationship between football and its supporters, which is increasingly focused on the consumption of themed digital participatory experiences. During this pandemic, what fans missed was not only live football, but also the sporting 'experience' and the opportunities for participation that this provides.

Creatures of the state? Metropolitan counties compensated for state inaction in initial U.S. response to COVID-19 pandemic.

Societal responses to crises require coordination at multiple levels of organization. Exploring early efforts to contain COVID-19 in the U.S.

Effect of monitoring surgical outcomes using control charts to reduce major adverse events in patients: cluster randomised trial.

Objective: To determine the effect of introducing prospective monitoring of outcomes using control charts and regular feedback on indicators to surgical teams on major adverse events in patients.

Design: National, parallel, cluster randomised trial embedding a difference-in-differences analysis.

Setting: 40 surgical departments of hospitals across France.

Learning About the Effects of Alert Uncertainty in Attack and Defend Decisions via Cognitive Modeling.

Objective: We aim to learn about the cognitive mechanisms governing the decisions of attackers and defenders in cybersecurity involving intrusion detection systems (IDSs).

Background: Prior research has experimentally studied the role of the presence and accuracy of IDS alerts on attacker's and defender's decisions using a game-theoretic approach. However, little is known about the cognitive mechanisms that govern these decisions.

Career Barriers of Chinese Self-Expatriate Women: Neither Double Jeopardy nor Ethnic Prominence.

The study explored barriers to career progression of Chinese self-initiated expatriate (SIE) women in the United Kingdom using semi-structured interviews with two matched samples of Chinese SIE and native Caucasian British women. Double jeopardy and ethnic prominence offered the theoretical backdrop. Common gender-related career hindering factors emerged in both groups.

Personalized oncology with artificial intelligence: The case of temozolomide.

Purpose: Using artificial intelligence techniques, we compute optimal personalized protocols for temozolomide administration in a population of patients with variability.

Methods: Our optimizations are based on a Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) model with population variability for temozolomide, inspired by Faivre et al. [10] and Panetta et al.

One lab, two firms, many possibilities: On R&D outsourcing in the biopharmaceutical industry.

We draw from documented characteristics of the biopharmaceutical industry to construct a model where two firms can choose to outsource R&D to an external unit, and/or engage in internal R&D, before competing in a final market. We investigate the distribution of profits among market participants, and the incentives to coordinate outsourcing activities or to integrate R&D and production. Consistent with the empirical evidence, we find that the sign and magnitude of an aggregate measure of direct (inter-firm) and indirect (through the external unit) technological externalities drives the distribution of industry profits, with higher returns to the external unit when involved in development (clinical trials) than in early-stage research (drug discovery).

Learning Climate Perceptions as a Determinant of Employability: An Empirical Study Among European ICT Professionals.

This study investigated the role of age in the relationship between perceptions of learning climate and self- and supervisor-rated employability among European Information and Communication Technology (ICT) professionals. The psychological climate for learning was operationalized by three indicators, namely the perceptions that employees have of the learning value of their job, supervisor support for learning, and the organizational support for learning. As hypothesized, a Structural Equation Model demonstrated that the relationship between age and perceptions of learning climate was negative.

Optimizing immune cell therapies with artificial intelligence.

Purpose: We determine an optimal injection pattern for anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and for the combination of anti-VEGF and unlicensed dendritic cells.

Methods: We rely on the mathematical model of Soto-Ortiz and Finley (2016) for the interactions between the tumor growth, angiogenesis and immune system reactions. Our optimization algorithm belongs to the class of Monte-Carlo tree search algorithms.

Administration of temozolomide: Comparison of conventional and metronomic chemotherapy regimens.

Purpose: We compare the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) and Metronomic Chemotherapy (MC) protocols for temozolomide administration. We develop an innovative methodology for characterizing optimal chemotherapy regimens.

Methods: We use a PK/PD model based on Faivre et al.

The Development of Sociobiology in Relation to Animal Behavior Studies, 1946-1975.

This paper aims at bridging a gap between the history of American animal behavior studies and the history of sociobiology. In the post-war period, ecology, comparative psychology and ethology were all investigating animal societies, using different approaches ranging from fieldwork to laboratory studies. We argue that this disunity in "practices of place" (Kohler, Robert E.

The missing path to gain customers loyalty in pharmacy retail: The role of the store in developing satisfaction and trust.

Background: An evolution led to community pharmacies experiencing increased competition both between themselves and with new entrants in the sector, for example, grocery retailers. Applying certain retail marketing strategies aimed at developing store loyalty may be an appropriate strategic path for pharmacies wanting to compete in this new arena.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and test a two-step model to identify the determinants of store loyalty for community pharmacies in Italy.